TEDxYouth@Manchester
Julian Baggini: Is there a real you?
Džulijan Bagini (Julian Baggini): Da li postoji vaša prava ličnost?
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Šta vas čini vama? Da li je to ono što mislite o sebi, šta drugi misle o vama, ili nešto sasvim drugo? U ovom govoru, Džulijan Bagini se oslanja na filozofiju i neurologiju kako bi vam dao iznenađujuć odgovor.
(Snimljeno na TEDxYouth@Manchester).
Julian Baggini - Philosopher
Julian Baggini is a journalist and philosopher who studies the complexities of personal identity. He is the editor-in-chief of the Philosophers' Magazine. Full bio
Julian Baggini is a journalist and philosopher who studies the complexities of personal identity. He is the editor-in-chief of the Philosophers' Magazine. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Da li postoji vaša prava ličnost?
00:12
Is there a real you?
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00:13
This might seem to you
like a very odd question.
like a very odd question.
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Ovo vam možda deluje
kao vrlo čudno pitanje.
kao vrlo čudno pitanje.
00:16
Because, you might ask,
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Jer, možda se pitate,
00:18
how do we find the real you,
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kako nalazimo pravu ličnost,
00:21
how do you know what the real you is?
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kako da znate kakva je vaša prava ličnost?
00:23
And so forth.
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I tako dalje.
00:24
But the idea that there must be a real you,
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Ali ideja da mora postojati
vaša prava ličnost,
vaša prava ličnost,
to je svakako očigledno.
00:27
surely that's obvious.
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00:28
If there's anything real
in the world, it's you.
in the world, it's you.
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Ako je nešto stvarno na svetu,
onda ste to vi.
onda ste to vi.
00:31
Well, I'm not quite sure.
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Pa, nisam baš siguran.
00:33
At least we have to understand
a bit better what that means.
a bit better what that means.
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Makar moramo malo bolje
da razumemo šta to znači.
da razumemo šta to znači.
00:36
Now certainly, I think there are
lots of things in our culture around us
lots of things in our culture around us
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Svakako, mislim da ima mnogo toga
u kulturi oko nas
u kulturi oko nas
00:40
which sort of reinforce the idea
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koje nekako pojačavaju ideju
00:42
that for each one of us,
we have a kind of a core, an essence.
we have a kind of a core, an essence.
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da svako od nas ima nekakvu srž,
suštinu.
suštinu.
00:46
There is something about what it means
to be you which defines you,
to be you which defines you,
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U tome šta znači biti vi
se nalazi nešto što vas definiše,
se nalazi nešto što vas definiše,
00:49
and it's kind of permanent and unchanging.
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i to je trajno i nepromenljivo.
00:52
The most kind of crude way
in which we have it,
in which we have it,
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Najbanalniji način
u kome je to dato
u kome je to dato
00:53
are things like horoscopes.
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su stvari kao što je horoskop.
00:55
You know, people are very wedded
to these, actually.
to these, actually.
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Znate, ljudi su zapravo
veoma posvećeni ovome.
veoma posvećeni ovome.
00:58
People put them on their Facebook profile
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Stavljaju ih na svoje Fejsbuk profile
01:00
as though they are meaningul,
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kao da su od značaja,
01:01
you even know
your Chinese horoscope as well.
your Chinese horoscope as well.
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čak znaju i svoj kineski horoskop.
01:04
There are also
more scientific versions of this,
more scientific versions of this,
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Postoje i naučne verzije ovoga,
01:06
all sorts of ways of profiling
personality type,
personality type,
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razni načini profilisanja
tipova ličnosti,
tipova ličnosti,
01:09
such as the Myers-Briggs tests,
for example.
for example.
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kao što su Majers-Brigsovi testovi,
na primer.
na primer.
01:12
I don't know if you've done those.
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Ne znam da li ste ih radili.
01:13
A lot of companies
use these for recruitment.
use these for recruitment.
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Dosta kompanija ih koristi
za regrutovanje.
za regrutovanje.
01:15
You answer a lot of questions,
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Odgovarate na mnogo pitanja,
01:19
and this is supposed to reveal
something about your core personality.
something about your core personality.
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i to bi trebalo da otkrije nešto
o vašoj suštinskoj ličnosti.
o vašoj suštinskoj ličnosti.
01:22
And of course, the popular fascination
with this is enormous.
with this is enormous.
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I naravno, popularna fascinacija ovime
je ogromna.
je ogromna.
01:26
In magazines like this, you'll see,
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U ovakvim magazinima, videćete,
01:27
in the bottom left corner,
they'll advertise in virtually every issue
they'll advertise in virtually every issue
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u donjem levom uglu,
reklamiraju u gotovo svakom broju
reklamiraju u gotovo svakom broju
01:31
some kind of personality thing.
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nešto u vezi ličnosti.
01:33
And if you pick up one of those magazines,
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I ako uzmete neki od tih magazina,
01:35
it's hard to resist, isn't it?
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teško je odoleti, zar ne?
01:36
Doing the test to find
what is your learning style,
what is your learning style,
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Raditi test da otkrijete
koji je vaš stil učenja,
koji je vaš stil učenja,
01:39
what is your loving style,
or what is your working style?
or what is your working style?
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koji je vaš stil u ljubavi,
stil na poslu?
stil na poslu?
01:42
Are you this kind of person or that?
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Da li ste ova ili ona vrsta osobe?
01:44
So I think that we have a common-sense idea
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Mislim da imamo tu zdravorazumsku ideju
01:48
that there is a kind of core
or essence of ourselves
or essence of ourselves
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da postoji neka vrsta srži
ili suštine nas samih
ili suštine nas samih
01:51
to be discovered.
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koja treba da bude otkrivena.
01:53
And that this is kind of a permanent truth
about ourselves,
about ourselves,
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I da je to neka trajna istina o nama,
01:56
something that's the same throughout life.
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nešto što ostaje isto kroz ceo život.
01:58
Well, that's the idea I want to challenge.
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Pa, to je ideja koju želim da osporim.
02:02
And I have to say now,
I'll say it a bit later,
I'll say it a bit later,
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I moram da kažem sada,
reći ću malo kasnije,
reći ću malo kasnije,
02:04
but I'm not challenging this
just because I'm weird,
just because I'm weird,
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ali ne dovodim ovo u pitanje
samo zato što sam čudak,
samo zato što sam čudak,
02:07
the challenge actually has a very,
very long and distinguished history.
very long and distinguished history.
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preispitivanje zapravo ima vrlo,
vrlo dugu i karakterističnu istoriju.
vrlo dugu i karakterističnu istoriju.
02:11
Here's the common-sense idea.
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Evo zdravorazumske ideje.
02:13
There is you.
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Tu ste vi.
02:14
You are the individuals you are,
and you have this kind of core.
and you have this kind of core.
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Vi ste pojedinci kakvi jeste,
i imate tu neku srž.
i imate tu neku srž.
02:17
Now in your life, what happens
is that you, of course,
is that you, of course,
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U vašem životu, dešava se da vi, naravno,
02:22
accumulate different experiences
and so forth.
and so forth.
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gomilate različita iskustva i tako dalje.
02:24
So you have memories,
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Imate sećanja,
02:26
and these memories help
to create what you are.
to create what you are.
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i ta sećanja pomažu
da nastane ono što jeste.
da nastane ono što jeste.
02:28
You have desires, maybe for a cookie,
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Imate želje, možda za kolačićem,
02:31
maybe for something
that we don't want to talk about
that we don't want to talk about
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možda za nečim
o čemu ne želimo da govorimo
o čemu ne želimo da govorimo
02:34
at 11 o'clock in the morning
in a school.
in a school.
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u 11 sati ujutru u školi.
02:36
You will have beliefs.
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Imate uverenja.
Ovo je registarska tablica
nekog iz Amerike.
nekog iz Amerike.
02:38
This is a number plate
from someone in America.
from someone in America.
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02:40
I don't know whether this number plate,
which says "messiah 1,"
which says "messiah 1,"
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Ne znam da li ova tabla,
koja kaže "mesija 1",
koja kaže "mesija 1",
02:42
indicates that the driver
believes in the messiah,
believes in the messiah,
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ukazuje da vozač veruje u mesiju,
02:45
or that they are the messiah.
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ili da je on mesija.
02:47
Either way, they have beliefs
about messiahs.
about messiahs.
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U svakom slučaju, ima uverenja o mesiji.
02:50
We have knowledge.
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Imamo znanje.
02:51
We have sensations and experiences as well.
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Takođe imamo osećaje i iskustva.
02:53
It's not just intellectual things.
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Nisu to samo intelektualne stvari.
02:56
So this is kind of
the common-sense model, I think,
the common-sense model, I think,
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Dakle ovo je neki zdravorazumski model,
ja mislim,
ja mislim,
02:58
of what a person is.
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o tome šta je osoba.
03:00
There is a person who has all the things
that make up our life experiences.
that make up our life experiences.
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Tu je osoba koja ima sve one stvari
koje sačinjavaju naša životna iskustva.
koje sačinjavaju naša životna iskustva.
03:06
But the suggestion
I want to put to you today
I want to put to you today
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Ali predlog koji želim
da vam iznesem danas
da vam iznesem danas
03:08
is that there's something
fundamentally wrong with this model.
fundamentally wrong with this model.
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je da postoji nešto suštinski pogrešno
u vezi sa ovim modelom.
u vezi sa ovim modelom.
03:12
And I can show you what's wrong
with one click.
with one click.
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I mogu vam pokazati šta je pogrešno
jednim klikom.
jednim klikom.
03:14
Which is there isn't actually a "you"
at the heart of all these experiences.
at the heart of all these experiences.
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A to je da ne postojite zaista "vi"
u srcu ovih iskustava.
u srcu ovih iskustava.
03:21
Strange thought?
Well, maybe not.
Well, maybe not.
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Čudna pomisao?
Možda ne.
Možda ne.
03:23
What is there, then?
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Šta se tamo nalazi, onda?
03:25
Well, clearly there are memories,
desires, intentions, sensations,
desires, intentions, sensations,
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Pa, jasno je da su tamo sećanja,
želje, namere, osećaji,
želje, namere, osećaji,
03:28
and so forth.
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i tako dalje.
03:30
But what happens is
these things exist,
these things exist,
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Ali ono što se dešava
je da ove stvari postoje,
je da ove stvari postoje,
03:32
and they're kind of all integrated,
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i nekako su integrisane,
03:34
they're overlapped, they're connected
in various different ways.
in various different ways.
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preklapaju se,
povezane su na više različitih načina.
povezane su na više različitih načina.
03:38
They're connecting partly,
and perhaps even mainly,
and perhaps even mainly,
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Povezuju se delom,
a možda i uglavnom,
a možda i uglavnom,
03:40
because they all belong to one body
and one brain.
and one brain.
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zato što pripadaju
jednom telu i jednom mozgu.
jednom telu i jednom mozgu.
03:44
But there's also a narrative,
a story we tell about ourselves,
a story we tell about ourselves,
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Ali takođe postoji i narativ,
priča koju pričamo o nama,
priča koju pričamo o nama,
03:47
the experiences we have
when we remember past things.
when we remember past things.
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iskustva koja imamo
kada se prisećamo prošlih stvari.
kada se prisećamo prošlih stvari.
03:50
We do things because of other things.
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Radimo stvari zbog drugih stvari.
03:52
So what we desire
is partly a result of what we believe,
is partly a result of what we believe,
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Tako je ono što želimo
delom posledica onoga u šta verujemo,
delom posledica onoga u šta verujemo,
03:56
and what we remember is also
informing us what we know.
informing us what we know.
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a ono čega se sećamo nas takođe
obaveštava o onome što znamo.
obaveštava o onome što znamo.
03:59
And so really, there are all these things,
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I tako u stvari, tu su sve te stvari,
04:02
like beliefs, desires,
sensations, experiences,
sensations, experiences,
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kao što su verovanja, želje,
osećaji, iskustva,
osećaji, iskustva,
04:05
they're all related to each other,
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svi su one međusobno povezane,
04:07
and that just is you.
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i to ste prosto vi.
04:11
In some ways, it's a small difference
from the common-sense understanding.
from the common-sense understanding.
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Na neki način, razlika je mala
u odnosu na zdravorazumsko shvatanje.
u odnosu na zdravorazumsko shvatanje.
04:16
In some ways, it's a massive one.
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Na neki način, ogromna je.
04:18
It's the shift between thinking of yourself
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To je prelaz između razmišljanja o sebi
04:20
as a thing which has
all the experiences of life,
all the experiences of life,
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kao nečemu što ima sva iskustva života,
04:24
and thinking of yourself
as simply that collection
as simply that collection
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i razmišljanja o sebi
prosto kao o toj zbirci
prosto kao o toj zbirci
04:26
of all experiences in life.
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svih iskustava o životu.
04:28
You are the sum of your parts.
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Vi ste suma svojih delova.
Ti delovi su takođe i fizički delovi,
naravno,
naravno,
04:31
Now those parts are also physical parts,
of course,
of course,
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04:33
brains, bodies and legs and things,
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mozgovi, tela i noge i ostalo,
04:35
but they aren't so important, actually.
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ali oni nisu tako bitni, zapravo.
Ako imate transplantaciju srca,
i dalje ste ista osoba.
i dalje ste ista osoba.
04:38
If you have a heart transplant,
you're still the same person.
you're still the same person.
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Ako imate transplantaciju sećanja,
da li ste i dalje ista osoba?
da li ste i dalje ista osoba?
04:40
If you have a memory transplant,
are you the same person?
are you the same person?
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04:43
If you have a belief transplant,
would you be the same person?
would you be the same person?
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Ako imate transplantaciju verovanja,
da li biste i dalje bili ista osoba?
da li biste i dalje bili ista osoba?
04:46
Now this idea, that what we are,
the way to understand ourselves,
the way to understand ourselves,
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Ova ideja da smo mi,
način za razumevanje nas samih,
način za razumevanje nas samih,
04:51
is as not of some permanent being,
which has experiences,
which has experiences,
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nije kao nekog postojanog bića,
koje ima iskustva,
koje ima iskustva,
04:55
but is kind of a collection of experiences,
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već nekakve zbirke iskustava,
04:58
might strike you as kind of weird.
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možda vam deluje kao čudna.
Ali zapravo, ne mislim
da bi trebalo da bude čudna.
da bi trebalo da bude čudna.
05:00
But actually, I don't think
it should be weird.
it should be weird.
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05:03
In a way, it's common sense.
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Na neki način, to je zdrav razum.
05:04
Because I just invite you
to think about, by comparison,
to think about, by comparison,
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Jer vas pozivam da razmisite o,
poređenja radi,
poređenja radi,
05:09
think about pretty much anything else
in the universe,
in the universe,
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o bilo čemu drugom u univerzumu,
05:12
maybe apart from the
very most fundamental forces or powers.
very most fundamental forces or powers.
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možda osim
najfundamentalnijih sila ili snaga.
najfundamentalnijih sila ili snaga.
05:14
Let's take something like water.
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Uzmimo nešto poput vode.
05:17
Now my science isn't very good.
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Nisam baš dobar sa naukom.
05:20
We might say something like
water has two parts hydrogen
water has two parts hydrogen
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Možemo reći da voda ima
dva dela vodonika
dva dela vodonika
05:23
and one parts oxygen, right?
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i jedan deo kiseonika, zar ne?
05:25
We all know that.
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Svi to znamo.
05:26
I hope no one in this room
thinks that what that means
thinks that what that means
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Nadam se da niko u ovoj sobi
ne misli da to znači
ne misli da to znači
05:30
is there is a thing called water,
and attached to it
and attached to it
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da postoji nešto što se zove voda,
i da su za nju prikačeni
i da su za nju prikačeni
05:34
are hydrogen and oxygen atoms,
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atomi vodonika i kiseonika,
05:37
and that's what water is.
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i da je to voda.
05:38
Of course we don't.
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Naravno da ne.
05:39
We understand, very easily,
very straightforwardly,
very straightforwardly,
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Mi razumemo, vrlo lako,
vrlo jasno,
vrlo jasno,
05:42
that water is nothing more
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da voda nije ništa drugo
05:44
than the hydrogen and oxygen molecules
suitably arranged.
suitably arranged.
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do molekula vodonika i kiseonika
prikladno raspoređenih.
prikladno raspoređenih.
05:49
Everything else in the universe is the same.
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Sve drugo u univerzumu je isto takvo.
05:51
There's no mystery about my watch,
for example.
for example.
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Nema misterije po pitanju mog sata,
na primer.
na primer.
05:55
We say the watch has a face, and hands,
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Kažemo da sat ima naličje, kazaljke,
mehanizam i bateriju.
05:58
and a mechanism and a battery,
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Ali ono što stvarno mislimo je,
06:00
But what we really mean is,
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06:01
we don't think
there is a thing called the watch
there is a thing called the watch
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ne mislimo da postoji stvar
koja se zove sat
koja se zove sat
06:03
to which we then attach all these bits.
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za koju su prikačeni svi ti delovi.
06:05
We understand very clearly
that you get the parts of the watch,
that you get the parts of the watch,
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Razumemo vrlo jasno
da kada imate delove sata,
da kada imate delove sata,
06:08
you put them together,
and you create a watch.
and you create a watch.
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sastavite ih zajedno,
i napravili ste sat.
i napravili ste sat.
06:10
Now if everything else
in the universe is like this,
in the universe is like this,
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Ako je sve drugo
u univerzumu ovakvo,
u univerzumu ovakvo,
06:13
why are we different?
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zašto smo mi drugačiji?
06:15
Why think of ourselves
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Zašto mislimo o sebi
06:17
as somehow not just being
a collection of all our parts,
a collection of all our parts,
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kao da nekako nismo samo
zbirka naših delova,
zbirka naših delova,
06:21
but somehow being a separate,
permanent entity which has those parts?
permanent entity which has those parts?
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već da smo nekako odvojeni,
postojani entiteti koji imaju te delove?
postojani entiteti koji imaju te delove?
06:26
Now this view is not particularly new,
actually.
actually.
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Ovo gledište nije naročito novo, u stvari.
06:29
It has quite a long lineage.
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Ima prilično dugo poreklo.
06:31
You find it in Buddhism,
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Naći ćete ga u budizmu,
06:32
you find it in 17th,
18th-century philosophy
18th-century philosophy
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u filozofiji XVII, XVIII veka
06:35
going through to the current day,
people like Locke and Hume.
people like Locke and Hume.
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sve do današnjice,
kod ljudi kao što su Lok i Hjum.
kod ljudi kao što su Lok i Hjum.
06:38
But interestingly, it's also a view
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Ali zanimljivo, to je gledište koje takođe
06:40
increasingly being heard reinforced
by neuroscience.
by neuroscience.
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sve više osnažuje neurologija.
06:44
This is Paul Broks,
he's a clinical neuropsychologist,
he's a clinical neuropsychologist,
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Ovo je Pol Broks,
on je klinički neuropsiholog,
on je klinički neuropsiholog,
06:48
and he says this:
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i on kaže sledeće:
06:49
"We have a deep intuition
that there is a core,
that there is a core,
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"Mi imamo duboku intuiciju
da postoji srž,
da postoji srž,
06:51
an essence there,
and it's hard to shake off,
and it's hard to shake off,
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suština, i to je teško odbaciti,
06:54
probably impossible to shake off,
I suspect.
I suspect.
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verovatno nemoguće odbaciti,
pretpostavljam.
pretpostavljam.
06:57
But it's true that neuroscience shows
that there is no centre in the brain
that there is no centre in the brain
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Ali istina je da neurologija pokazuje
da ne postoji centar u mozgu
da ne postoji centar u mozgu
07:01
where things do all come together."
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gde se sve stvari spajaju."
07:03
So when you look at the brain,
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Dakle kada pogledate mozak,
07:06
and you look at how the brain
makes possible a sense of self,
makes possible a sense of self,
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i pogledate kako mozak čini mogućim
opažanje sebe,
opažanje sebe,
07:10
you find that there isn't
a central control spot in the brain.
a central control spot in the brain.
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otkrićete da ne postoji
centralna kontrolna tačka u mozgu.
centralna kontrolna tačka u mozgu.
07:14
There is no kind of center
where everything happens.
where everything happens.
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Ne postoji takva vrsta središta
u kome se sve dešava.
u kome se sve dešava.
07:17
There are lots of different processes
in the brain,
in the brain,
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Postoji mnogo različitih procesa u mozgu,
07:19
all of which operate, in a way,
quite independently.
quite independently.
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koji svi rade, na neki način,
prilično zasebno.
prilično zasebno.
07:22
But it's because of the way
that they relate
that they relate
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Ali zbog načina na koji se povezuju,
07:26
that we get this sense of self.
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imamo taj osećaj sebe.
07:28
The term I use in the book,
I call it the ego trick.
I call it the ego trick.
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Termin koji koristim u knjizi,
nazivam ga ego trikom.
nazivam ga ego trikom.
07:32
It's like a mechanical trick.
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To je kao mehanički trik.
07:37
It's not that we don't exist,
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Nije da ne postojimo,
07:39
it's just that the trick is
to make us feel that inside of us
to make us feel that inside of us
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nego je trik u tome da učini
da pomislimo da unutar nas
da pomislimo da unutar nas
07:42
is something more unified
than is really there.
than is really there.
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postoji nešto jedinstvenije
nego što zaista jeste.
nego što zaista jeste.
07:46
Now you might think
this is a worrying idea.
this is a worrying idea.
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Možda ćete pomisliti da je to
zabrinjavajuća ideja.
zabrinjavajuća ideja.
07:49
You might think that if it's true,
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Možda ćete pomisliti da ako je to istina,
da ne postoji trajno jezgro ličnosti
za svakog od nas,
za svakog od nas,
07:51
that for each one of us there is
no abiding core of self,
no abiding core of self,
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07:55
no permanent essence,
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nema postojane suštine,
07:57
does that mean that really,
the self is an illusion?
the self is an illusion?
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da li to znači da je zapravo
ličnost iluzija?
ličnost iluzija?
08:01
Does it mean that we really don't exist?
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Da li to znači da u stvari ne postojimo?
08:03
There is no real you.
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Nema stvarnog vas.
08:05
Well, a lot of people actually do use
this talk of illusion and so forth.
this talk of illusion and so forth.
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Pa, dosta ljudi zaista koristi
ovu priču o iluziji i tome slično.
ovu priču o iluziji i tome slično.
08:08
These are three psychologists,
Thomas Metzinger, Bruce Hood,
Thomas Metzinger, Bruce Hood,
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Ovo su tri psihologa:
Tomas Mecinger, Brus Hud,
Tomas Mecinger, Brus Hud,
08:12
Susan Blackmore,
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Suzan Blekmor,
08:14
a lot of these people do talk
the language of illusion,
the language of illusion,
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mnogi od ovih ljudi zaista govore
jezikom iluzije,
jezikom iluzije,
08:17
the self is an illusion, it's a fiction.
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ličnost je iluzija, to je fikcija.
08:20
But I don't think this is
a very helpful way of looking at it.
a very helpful way of looking at it.
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Ali ja ne mislim da je to naročito
koristan način sagledavanja.
koristan način sagledavanja.
Vratimo se na sat.
08:23
Go back to the watch.
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08:23
The watch isn't an illusion,
because there is nothing to the watch
because there is nothing to the watch
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Sat nije iluzija,
jer sat nije ništa drugo
jer sat nije ništa drugo
08:27
other than a collection of its parts.
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do zbirke njegovih delova.
08:30
In the same way,
we're not illusions either.
we're not illusions either.
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Na isti način, ni mi nismo iluzije.
08:32
The fact that we are, in some ways,
just this very, very complex collection,
just this very, very complex collection,
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Činjenica da smo, na neki način,
samo te vrlo, vrlo kompleksne zbirke,
samo te vrlo, vrlo kompleksne zbirke,
08:37
ordered collection of things,
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uređene zbirke stvari,
08:39
does not mean we're not real.
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ne znači da nismo stvarni.
08:41
I can give you
a very sort of rough metaphor for this.
a very sort of rough metaphor for this.
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Mogu vam dati vrlo grubu metaforu za ovo.
08:43
Let's take something like a waterfall.
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Uzmimo nešto kao vodopad.
08:46
These are the Iguazu Falls, in Argentina.
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Ovo su Iguacu vodopadi u Argentini.
08:50
Now if you take something like this,
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Ako uzmete nešto ovakvo,
08:52
you can appreciate the fact
that in lots of ways,
that in lots of ways,
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možete da cenite činjenicu
da na mnogo načina,
da na mnogo načina,
08:55
there's nothing permanent about this.
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nema ničeg trajnog u vezi ovoga.
08:58
For one thing, it's always changing.
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Kao prvo, uvek se menja.
08:59
The waters
are always carving new channels.
are always carving new channels.
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Vode uvek usecaju nove kanale,
09:02
with changes and tides and the weather,
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sa promenama struja i vremena,
09:04
some things dry up,
new things are created.
new things are created.
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neke stvari presuše,
nove stvari se stvaraju.
nove stvari se stvaraju.
09:09
Of course the water that flows
through the waterfall
through the waterfall
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Naravno, voda koja protiče kroz vodopad
09:12
is different every single instance.
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je različita u svakom trenutku.
09:15
But it doesn't mean that
the Iguazu Falls are an illusion.
the Iguazu Falls are an illusion.
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Ali to ne znači da su
Iguacu vodopadi iluzija.
Iguacu vodopadi iluzija.
09:18
It doesn't mean it's not real.
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To ne znači da nisu stvarni.
09:19
What it means is we have
to understand what it is
to understand what it is
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Ono što znači je da moramo
da razumemo da je to
da razumemo da je to
09:23
as something which has a history,
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nešto što ima istoriju,
09:25
has certain things that keep it together,
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ima izvesne stvari koje ga
održavaju kao jedno,
održavaju kao jedno,
09:28
but it's a process, it's fluid,
it's forever changing.
it's forever changing.
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ali to je proces, to je nepostojano,
uvek se menja.
uvek se menja.
09:30
Now that, I think, is a model
for understanding ourselves,
for understanding ourselves,
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To je, po meni, model za razumevanje
nas samih,
nas samih,
i mislim da je to oslobađajući model.
09:34
and I think it's a liberating model.
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09:36
Because if you think that you have
this fixed, permanent essence,
this fixed, permanent essence,
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Jer ako mislite da imate
fiksiranu, trajnu suštinu,
fiksiranu, trajnu suštinu,
09:39
which is always the same,
throughout your life, no matter what,
throughout your life, no matter what,
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koja je uvek ista,
kroz ceo život, bez obzira na sve,
kroz ceo život, bez obzira na sve,
09:42
in a sense you're kind of trapped.
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na neki način ste zarobljeni.
09:44
You're born with an essence,
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Rođeni ste sa suštinom,
09:47
that's what you are until you die,
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to je ono što jeste dok ne umrete,
09:50
if you believe in an afterlife,
maybe you continue.
maybe you continue.
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ako verujete u život posle smrti,
možda nastavite.
možda nastavite.
09:53
But if you think of yourself
as being, in a way,
as being, in a way,
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Ali ako mislite o sebi,
na neki način,
na neki način,
09:56
not a thing as such,
but a kind of a process,
but a kind of a process,
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ne kao o takvoj stvari,
već kao o nekakvom procesu,
već kao o nekakvom procesu,
nečemu što se menja,
09:59
something that is changing,
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onda mislim da je to vrlo oslobađajuće.
10:01
then I think that's quite liberating.
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10:02
Because unlike the the waterfalls,
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Jer za razliku od vodopada,
10:05
we actually have the capacity to channel
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mi zapravo imamo kapacitet da usmeravamo
10:08
the direction of our development for ourselves
to a certain degree.
to a certain degree.
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pravac našeg razvoja samostalno
do izvesne mere.
do izvesne mere.
10:11
Now we've got to be careful here, right?
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Moramo ovde da budemo pažljivi, zar ne?
10:14
If you watch the X-Factor too much,
you might buy into this idea
you might buy into this idea
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Ako previše gledate X-faktor,
možda vas kupi ideja
možda vas kupi ideja
da svi možemo da budemo
šta god poželimo da budemo.
šta god poželimo da budemo.
10:17
that we can all be whatever we want to be.
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10:19
That's not true.
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To nije istina.
10:21
I've heard some fantastic musicians
this morning,
this morning,
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Čuo sam neke fantastične muzičare jutros,
10:23
and I am very confident
that I could in no way be as good as them.
that I could in no way be as good as them.
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i vrlo sam siguran da nikako
ne bih mogao biti dobar kao oni.
ne bih mogao biti dobar kao oni.
10:26
I could practice hard
and maybe be good,
and maybe be good,
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Mogao bih da vredno vežbam
i možda budem dobar,
i možda budem dobar,
10:29
but I don't have
that really natural ability.
that really natural ability.
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ali nemam tu prirodnu sposobnost.
10:32
There are limits to what we can achieve.
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Postoje ograničenja
onoga što možemo postati.
onoga što možemo postati.
10:34
There are limits to what
we can make of ourselves.
we can make of ourselves.
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Postoje ograničenja
onoga što možemo učiniti od sebe.
onoga što možemo učiniti od sebe.
10:37
But nevertheless, we do have
this capacity
this capacity
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Ali ipak, imamo kapacitet
10:40
to, in a sense, shape ourselves.
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da, na neki način, oblikujemo sebe.
10:44
The true self, as it were then,
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Prava ličnost, kakva bi bila,
10:46
is not something that is just there
for you to discover,
for you to discover,
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nije nešto što treba da otkrijete,
10:50
you don't sort of look into your soul
and find your true self,
and find your true self,
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nećete se zagledati u svoju dušu
i naći svoju pravu ličnost.
i naći svoju pravu ličnost.
10:54
What you are partly doing, at least,
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Ono što bar delimično činite
10:55
is actually creating your true self.
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jeste da zapravo
stvarate svoju pravu ličnost.
stvarate svoju pravu ličnost.
10:58
And this, I think, is very,
very significant,
very significant,
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I ovo je, po meni, vrlo, vrlo značajno,
11:00
particularly at this stage of life you're at.
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naročito u fazi života u kojoj ste.
11:02
You'll be aware of the fact
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Bićete svesni činjenice
11:03
how much of you changed over recent years.
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koliko ste se promenili poslednjih godina.
11:06
If you have any videos of yourself,
three or four years ago,
three or four years ago,
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Ako imate snimke sebe
pre tri ili četiri godine,
pre tri ili četiri godine,
11:09
you probably feel embarrassed
because you don't recognize yourself.
because you don't recognize yourself.
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verovatno ćete se postideti
jer ne prepoznajete sebe.
jer ne prepoznajete sebe.
11:12
So I want to get that message over,
that what we need to do
that what we need to do
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Želim da prosledim tu poruku,
da ono što treba činiti
da ono što treba činiti
11:15
is think about ourselves as things
that we can shape,
that we can shape,
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je da razmišljamo o sebi
kao o stvarima koje možemo oblikovati,
kao o stvarima koje možemo oblikovati,
11:18
and channel and change.
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usmeravati i menjati.
11:19
This is the Buddha, again:
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Ovo je opet Buda:
11:20
"Well-makers lead the water,
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"Kopači bunara sprovode vodu,
izrađivači strela zavijaju strele,
11:23
fletchers bend the arrow,
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11:24
carpenters bend a log of wood,
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stolari seku drvo,
11:27
wise people fashion themselves."
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mudri ljudi kroje sebe."
To je ideja sa kojom vas želim ostaviti,
11:31
And that's the idea
I want to leave you with,
I want to leave you with,
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11:32
that your true self is not something
that you will have to go searching for,
that you will have to go searching for,
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da vaša prava ličnost
nije nešto za čim treba tragati,
nije nešto za čim treba tragati,
11:39
as a mystery, and maybe never ever find.
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kao za misterijom i možda je nikada
ni ne pronaći.
ni ne pronaći.
U izvesnoj meri imate pravu ličnost,
11:42
To the extent you have a true self,
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11:44
it's something that you in part discover,
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to je nešto što delom otkrivate,
11:47
but in part create.
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a delom stvarate.
11:49
and that, I think,
is a liberating and exciting prospect.
is a liberating and exciting prospect.
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I to je, po meni,
oslobađajuća i uzbudljiva perspektiva.
oslobađajuća i uzbudljiva perspektiva.
Hvala vam puno.
11:54
Thank you very much.
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Julian Baggini - PhilosopherJulian Baggini is a journalist and philosopher who studies the complexities of personal identity. He is the editor-in-chief of the Philosophers' Magazine.
Why you should listen
Julian Baggini is the author of several books including Welcome to Everytown: A Journey into the English Mind, Complaint and The Ego Trick, as well as the recent Really, Really Big Questions about Faith. He has written for numerous newspapers and magazines including the Guardian, the Financial Times, Prospect and the New Statesman, as well as for the think tanks The Institute of Public Policy Research and Demos. He is founding editor of The Philosophers’ Magazine. He has been writer-in-residence for the National Trust at the White Cliffs of Dover and philosopher-in-residence at the Cheltenham Literature Festival and Wellington College. He has also appeared as a cameo in two Alexander McCall-Smith novels.
More profile about the speakerJulian Baggini | Speaker | TED.com