TED@BCG San Francisco
Roselinde Torres: What it takes to be a great leader
Ni kitu gani kinahitajika ili kuwa kiongozi bora
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Kuna programu nyingi za uongozi siku hizi, kutoka mafunzo ya siku moja hadi katika mafunzo kwa ajili ya makampuni ya biashara. Kiukweli,hii haitasaidia. Katika hotuba hii ambayo ni makini na halisi ,Bibi Roselinde Torres anaeleza miaka yake 25 ya kuangalia na kutafuta viongozi bora makazini,na anashirikiana nasi haya maswali matatu muhimu ya viongozi wa makampuni kujiuliza ili kuweza kukua na kupata mafanikio.
Roselinde Torres - Leadership expert
BCG's Roselinde Torres studies what makes great leaders tick -- and figures out how to teach others the same skills. Full bio
BCG's Roselinde Torres studies what makes great leaders tick -- and figures out how to teach others the same skills. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
What makes a great leader today?
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Kitu gani kinatengeneza kiongozi bora leo?
00:17
Many of us carry this image
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Wengi tuna picha
00:19
of this all-knowing superhero
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ya mashujaa bora wajuao yote
00:23
who stands and commands
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anayesimama na kuamrisha
00:25
and protects his followers.
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na kuwakinga wafuasi wake.
00:29
But that's kind of an image from another time,
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Hiyo ndo picha iliyopo akilini,
00:33
and what's also outdated
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na kilichopitwa na wakati ni
00:35
are the leadership development programs
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programu za maendeleo ya uongozi
00:38
that are based on success models
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ambazo zinategemea mazingira ya kufanikiwa
00:40
for a world that was, not a world that is
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katika dunia iliyokuwepo miaka hiyo,sio dunia tuliyonayo
00:44
or that is coming.
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au ile inayokuja.
00:46
We conducted a study of 4,000 companies,
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Tumefanya tafiti katika makampuni 4000,
00:51
and we asked them, let's see the effectiveness
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tuliwauliza,tuone ufanisi
00:54
of your leadership development programs.
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wa programu yenu ya maendeleo ya uongozi.
00:56
Fifty-eight percent of the companies
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aslimia 58% ya makampuni yote
00:59
cited significant talent gaps
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walilenga vipaji muhimu
01:01
for critical leadership roles.
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kwa majukumu mazito ya uongozi.
01:03
That means that despite
corporate training programs,
corporate training programs,
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Ina maana pamoja na mafunzo ya ushirika,
01:07
off-sites, assessments, coaching, all of these things,
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ukaguzi,mafunzo na haya yote,
01:11
more than half the companies
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zaidi ya nusu ya makampuni
01:13
had failed to grow enough great leaders.
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yalishindwa kukuza viongozi bora wa kutosha.
01:18
You may be asking yourself,
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Unaweza jiuliza,
01:20
is my company helping me to prepare
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kampuni langu linanisaidia kuniandaa
01:23
to be a great 21st-century leader?
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kuwa kiongozi bora wa karne ya 21?
01:26
The odds are, probably not.
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Ubaya ni kwamba,jibu lawezekana kuwa hapana
01:29
Now, I've spent 25 years of my professional life
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Nimetumia miaka 25 nikiwa kama mtaalamu
01:34
observing what makes great leaders.
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nikichunguza ni kipi kinaleta kiongozi bora.
01:37
I've worked inside Fortune 500 companies,
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Nimefanya kazi ndani ya makampuni 500 yenye utajiri mkubwa,
01:39
I've advised over 200 CEOs,
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Nimeshauri zaidi ya wakurugenzi 200,
01:42
and I've cultivated more leadership pipelines
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na nimeibua mkondo wa uongozi
01:44
than you can imagine.
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zaidi ya unavyoweza fikiria.
01:47
But a few years ago, I noticed a disturbing trend
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Lakini miaka michache iliyopita,niligundua mlolongo ulio na usumbufu
01:51
in leadership preparation.
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katika kuandaa kiongozi.
01:54
I noticed that, despite all the efforts,
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Niligundua kwamba,pamoja na juhudi zote,
01:58
there were familiar stories that kept resurfacing
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kulikuwa na hadithi zilezile ambazo watu wengi wanazifahamu
02:01
about individuals.
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kuhusu watu.
02:03
One story was about Chris,
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Hadithi hii inamhusu Chris,
02:06
a high-potential, superstar leader
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kiongozi mahiri na maarufu
02:09
who moves to a new unit and fails,
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aliyehamia katika kampuni nyingine na kuja kufeli,
02:12
destroying unrecoverable value.
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kuharibu thamani isiyoweza rudishwa.
02:15
And then there were stories like Sidney, the CEO,
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Na pia kulikuwa na hadithi kama ya Sidney,mkurugenzi,
02:19
who was so frustrated
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aliyechanganyikiwa
02:20
because her company is cited
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kwa sababu kampuni yake inaangaliwa
02:22
as a best company for leaders,
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kama kampuni bora kwa viongozi,
02:25
but only one of the top 50 leaders is equipped
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lakini ni mmoja tu, kati ya viongozi 50 bora anayeweza
02:29
to lead their crucial initiatives.
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kuongoza mipango yao muhimu.
02:31
And then there were stories
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na tena kulikuwa na hadithi
02:33
like the senior leadership team
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ya timu ya ngazi ya juu ya uongozi
02:36
of a once-thriving business
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inashughulika na biashara yenye kuweza leta faida sana
02:38
that's surprised by a market shift,
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lakini inashangazwa na kubadilika kwa hali ya soko,
02:41
finds itself having to force the company
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na kujikuta katika ulazima
02:44
to reduce its size in half
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wa kupunguza namba ya wafanyakazi hadi nusu
02:46
or go out of business.
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au kuacha biashara kabisa.
02:49
Now, these recurring stories
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Sasa,hizi hadithi zinazojirudia
02:52
cause me to ask two questions.
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zimenisababisha nijiulize maswali mawili.
02:54
Why are the leadership gaps widening
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Kwanini pengo la uongozi linazidi kuongezeka
02:57
when there's so much more investment
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wakati kuna ongezeko kubwa la uwekezaji
02:59
in leadership development?
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katika maendeleo ya uongozi?
03:01
And what are the great leaders doing
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Kipi cha tofauti ambacho viongozi wakubwa wanafanya
03:04
distinctly different to thrive and grow?
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kinachowawezesha kukua na kuleta faida kubwa?
03:08
One of the things that I did,
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Kati ya vitu nilivyofanya,
03:11
I was so consumed by these questions
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Nilitumia muda sana kufikiria kuhusu haya maswali
03:13
and also frustrated by those stories,
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na pia kuchanganywa na hizi hadithi
03:16
that I left my job
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niliacha kazi
03:19
so that I could study this full time,
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ili niweze kujifunza kuhusu hili muda wote,
03:21
and I took a year to travel
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ilinichukua mwaka kusafiri
03:24
to different parts of the world
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sehemu mbalimbali za dunia
03:26
to learn about effective and ineffective
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kujifunza kuhusu palipo ufanisi na pasipo ufanisi
03:28
leadership practices in companies,
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uongozi katika makampuni,
03:31
countries and nonprofit organizations.
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nchi na pia taasisi zisizo na kibiashara.
03:34
And so I did things like travel to South Africa,
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Niliamua pia kwenda Afrika Kusini,
03:38
where I had an opportunity to understand
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na ndipo niliweza kuelewa
03:41
how Nelson Mandela was ahead of his time
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jinsi gani Nelson Mandela alikuwa mbele ya muda wake
03:43
in anticipating and navigating
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katika kugundua mapema
03:45
his political, social and economic context.
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mazingira yake ya kisiasa,kijamii na kiuchumi.
03:48
I also met a number of nonprofit leaders
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Nilionana pia na viongozi wengi wa taasisi zisizo za kibiashara
03:51
who, despite very limited financial resources,
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ambao,pamoja na kuwa uwezo mdogo wa kifedha,
03:55
were making a huge impact in the world,
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lakini wanaleta mchango mkubwa sana duniani,
03:58
often bringing together seeming adversaries.
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wanaleta pamoja changamoto mbalimbali
04:02
And I spent countless hours in presidential libraries
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Nimetumia masaa yasiyohesabika kaika maktaba za maraisi
04:07
trying to understand how the environment
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nikijaribu kuelewa jinsi gani mazingira
04:10
had shaped the leaders,
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yamewabadili viongozi,
04:11
the moves that they made,
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hatua walizopiga,
04:12
and then the impact of those moves
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na matokeo ya hizo hatua
04:14
beyond their tenure.
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zaidi ya madaraka yako.
04:17
And then, when I returned to work full time,
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Kisha,niliporudi kufanya kazi muda wote,
04:20
in this role, I joined with wonderful colleagues
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katika jukumu hili,niliungana na washiriki wenzangu walio bora
04:23
who were also interested in these questions.
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ambao pia walikuwa na hamu ya majibu ya haya maswali.
04:27
Now, from all this, I distilled
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Sasa,katika haya yote,nilichambua
04:30
the characteristics of leaders who are thriving
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tabia za viongozi wanaofanikiwa sana
04:34
and what they do differently,
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na kujua kipi cha tofauti wanachofanya,
04:35
and then I also distilled
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na pia nikachambua
04:38
the preparation practices that enable people
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maandalizi yanayowezesha watu
04:41
to grow to their potential.
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kukuza uwezo wao.
04:43
I want to share some of those with you now.
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Nataka kukufahamisha kuhusu haya sasa.
04:45
("What makes a great leader in the 21st century?")
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("Kitu gani kinatengeneza kiongozi bora wa karne ya 21?")
04:47
In a 21st-century world, which is more global,
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Katika karne ya 21,ambayo ipo kimataifa zaidi,
04:51
digitally enabled and transparent,
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imekaa kidigitali na iliyo wazi,
04:53
with faster speeds of information
flow and innovation,
flow and innovation,
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yenye uwezo mkubwa wa kusambaza taarifa na pia ugunduzi,
04:57
and where nothing big gets done
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na ambapo hamna kitu kikubwa kinachokamilika
04:59
without some kind of a complex matrix,
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bila njia ngumu
05:02
relying on traditional development practices
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zinazotegemea mazingira yaleyale ya zamani
05:06
will stunt your growth as a leader.
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yanayohatarisha ukuaji wako kama kiongozi.
05:09
In fact, traditional assessments
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Kiukweli,uchambuzi wa kizamani
05:11
like narrow 360 surveys or
outdated performance criteria
outdated performance criteria
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ambao unatumia njia zilizopitwa na wakati
05:16
will give you false positives,
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utakuwa majibu chanya ya uongo,
05:18
lulling you into thinking that you are more prepared
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kukufanya ufikirie kwamba umejiandaa
05:21
than you really are.
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kuliko vile ulivyo.
05:23
Leadership in the 21st century is defined
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Uongozi katika karne ya 21 unaelezwa
05:27
and evidenced by three questions.
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na kushuhudiwa na maswali matatu.
05:30
Where are you looking
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Wapi unaangalia
05:32
to anticipate the next change
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kutabiri mabadiliko yanayofata
05:35
to your business model or your life?
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katika mfumo wa biashara wa maisha yako?
05:38
The answer to this question is on your calendar.
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Jibu la hili swali lipo katika kalenda yako.
05:43
Who are you spending time with? On what topics?
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Unatumia muda na nani?Katika mada zipi?
05:47
Where are you traveling? What are you reading?
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Unasafiri kwenda wapi?Unasoma nini?
05:50
And then how are you distilling this
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Na kisha unachambua vipi haya yote
05:51
into understanding potential discontinuities,
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katika kuelewa ukomo wa uwezo,
05:55
and then making a decision to do something
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na kufanya maamuzi ili kutimia jambo fulani
05:57
right now so that you're prepared and ready?
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kwamba sasa umejiandaa na upo tayari?
06:02
There's a leadership team that does a practice
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Kuna timu ya uongozi inayofanya mazoezi
06:05
where they bring together each member
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ambao wanakusanya kila mwanatimu alicholeta
06:08
collecting, here are trends that impact me,
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huu ni mlolongo wangu,
06:10
here are trends that impact another team member,
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huu ni mlolongo ulihamasisha wanatimu wengine,
06:13
and they share these,
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na wanashirikiana pamoja,
06:14
and then make decisions,
to course-correct a strategy
to course-correct a strategy
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na kisha wanafanya maamuzi,kutengeneza mkakati ulio sahihi
06:17
or to anticipate a new move.
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au kutabiri hatua mpya za mafanikio.
06:20
Great leaders are not head-down.
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Viongozi bora huwa hawaangalii chini.
06:23
They see around corners,
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Wanaangalia huku na kule,
06:26
shaping their future, not just reacting to it.
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kutengeneza nyakati zao za baadaye,sio kupambana nazo.
06:29
The second question is,
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Swali la pili ni,
06:31
what is the diversity measure
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kipi ambacho utofauti unapima
06:33
of your personal and professional
stakeholder network?
stakeholder network?
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katika binafsi na utaalamu wa mtandao wa wadau?
06:37
You know, we hear often about
good ol' boy networks
good ol' boy networks
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Unajua,mara nyingi huwa tunasikia kuhusu mitandao ya good 'ol boy
06:40
and they're certainly alive and
well in many institutions.
well in many institutions.
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na kiuhakika ipo hai katika taasisi nyingi.
06:44
But to some extent, we all have a network
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Lakini kwa kiasi fulani,wote sisi tuna mtandao
06:46
of people that we're comfortable with.
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wa watu ambao tuko huru kuwa nao katika mtandao huo.
06:48
So this question is about your capacity
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Hili swali ni kuhusu uwezo wako
06:51
to develop relationships with people
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wa kukuza mahusiano yako na watu wengine
06:54
that are very different than you.
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wako tofauti kabisa zaidi yako.
06:55
And those differences can be biological,
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Na hizo tofauti zinaweza kuwa za kibaiolojia,
06:58
physical, functional, political,
cultural, socioeconomic.
cultural, socioeconomic.
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kimuonekano wa nje,ka utumizi,kisiasa,kitamaduni,kiuchumi.
07:03
And yet, despite all these differences,
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Na bado,pamoja na hizi tofauti zote,
07:07
they connect with you
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mnaungana pamoja
07:08
and they trust you enough
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na wanakuamini vya kutosha
07:10
to cooperate with you
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kushirikiana na wewe
07:11
in achieving a shared goal.
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katika kufanikisha lengo lenu la pamoja.
07:14
Great leaders understand
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Viongozi bora wanaelewa
07:16
that having a more diverse network
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kwamba kuwa na mtandao wenye tofauti mbalimbali
07:19
is a source of pattern identification
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ni chanzo cha kupata utofauti wa utambuzi
07:23
at greater levels and also of solutions,
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katika ngazi za juu na katika kutafuta ufumbuzi,
07:26
because you have people that are thinking
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kwa sababu una watu ambao wanafikiria
07:27
differently than you are.
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tofauti na wewe.
07:30
Third question: are you courageous enough
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Swali la tatu:una moyo vya kutosha
07:33
to abandon a practice that has
made you successful in the past?
made you successful in the past?
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kuacha utaratibu uliokufanya upate mafanikio katika kipindi cha nyuma?
07:39
There's an expression: Go along to get along.
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Kuna msemo unasema"nenda sambamba ili upate sambamba"
07:43
But if you follow this advice,
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Kama utafata ushauri huu,
07:46
chances are as a leader,
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kama kiongozi,inawezekana
07:49
you're going to keep doing
what's familiar and comfortable.
what's familiar and comfortable.
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ukafanya kile unachofahamu kwa uhuru zaidi.
07:53
Great leaders dare to be different.
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Viongozi bora huwa wanathubutu kuwa tofauti.
07:56
They don't just talk about risk-taking,
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Hawaongelei kuhusu kupata hatari tu,
07:58
they actually do it.
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wanazipata pia.
08:00
And one of the leaders shared with me the fact that
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Moja ya viongozi alianiambia kwamba
08:03
the most impactful development comes
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maendeleo yenye kishindo huja
08:05
when you are able to build the emotional stamina
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kama utaweza kutengeneza mhimili imara wa hisia
08:08
to withstand people telling you that your new idea
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kuvumilia watu wanapokuambia kwamba wazo lako jipya
08:13
is naïve or reckless or just plain stupid.
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ni la ovyo,lisilo na muelekeo au halina maana kabisa.
08:17
Now interestingly, the people who will join you
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Cha kuvutia ni hiki, watu wataoungana na wewe
08:21
are not your usual suspects in your network.
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sio wale wanaodhaniwa katika mtandao wako.
08:25
They're often people that think differently
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Mara nyingi ni watu wanaofikiri tofauti
08:28
and therefore are willing to join you
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kwa hivyo wako tayari kuungana na wewe
08:31
in taking a courageous leap.
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na kusonga mbele kunakohitaji moyo.
08:33
And it's a leap, not a step.
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ni kuruka zaidi, na sio kupiga hatua.
08:37
More than traditional leadership programs,
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Zaidi programu ya uongozi uliozoeleka,
08:40
answering these three questions
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kujibu haya maswali matatu
08:42
will determine your effectiveness
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kutadhamiria ufanisi wako
08:43
as a 21st-century leader.
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kama kiongozi wa karne ya 21.
08:46
So what makes a great leader in the 21st century?
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Kipi kinachotengeneza kiongozi bora wa karne ya 21?
08:51
I've met many, and they stand out.
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Nimekutana na wengi,na wanasimama vinara.
08:54
They are women and men
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Ni wanaume kwa wanawake
08:56
who are preparing themselves
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waliojiandaa
08:58
not for the comfortable predictability of yesterday
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sio kwa uhuru wa utabiri wa jana
09:01
but also for the realities of today
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lakini pia kwa uhalisi wa kesho
09:05
and all of those unknown possibilities of tomorrow.
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na yasiyowezekana yote ya kesho
09:09
Thank you.
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Asante.
09:11
(Applause)
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(Makofi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Roselinde Torres - Leadership expertBCG's Roselinde Torres studies what makes great leaders tick -- and figures out how to teach others the same skills.
Why you should listen
Roselinde Torres is a senior partner and managing director at the consulting firm, BCG. A senior leader in the firm’s "people and organization" practice area, she is also the company's resident expert on leadership, a topic she has studied her entire career.
Questions she likes to ask include, "what innovative methods can help prepare the next generation of leaders?" and "how do we enable leaders to unlearn past modes and habits of success?"
Prior to joining BCG in 2006, Roselinde was a senior partner at Mercer Delta Consulting, while she has also led internal consulting teams at Johnson & Johnson and Connecticut Mutual Life. She speaks frequently about organizational transformation and leadership; her work and thinking have been featured in publications such as BusinessWeek and The Economist.
Roselinde Torres | Speaker | TED.com