ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Angela Lee Duckworth - Psychologist
At the University of Pennsylvania, Angela Lee Duckworth studies intangible concepts such as self-control and grit to determine how they might predict both academic and professional success.

Why you should listen

In her late 20s, Angela Lee Duckworth left a demanding job as a management consultant at McKinsey to teach math in public schools in San Francisco, Philadelphia and New York.

After five years of teaching seventh graders, she went back to grad school to complete her Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, where she is now an assistant professor in the psychology department. Her research subjects include students, West Point cadets, and corporate salespeople, all of whom she studies to determine how "grit" is a better indicator of success than factors such as IQ or family income.

More profile about the speaker
Angela Lee Duckworth | Speaker | TED.com
TED Talks Education

Angela Lee Duckworth: Grit: The power of passion and perseverance

Anjela Li Dakvort: Matonat: ishtiyoq va tirishqoqlikning kuchi

Filmed:
19,500,078 views

Anjela Li Dakvort konsalting sohasidagi kelajagi bor karyerasini tashlab, Nyu Yorkdagi davlat maktabida 7-sinf o‘quvchilariga matematikadan dars bera boshlaydi. Tez orada u o‘zining o‘qishlari a'lo ketayotgan o‘quvchilari va qiynalayotgan bolalar o‘rtasidagi farq faqatgina IQda emasligini anglab yetadi. Bu yerda u o‘zining "Matonat muvaffaqiyatni bashoratlovchi omil" degan nazariyasini tushuntiradi.
- Psychologist
At the University of Pennsylvania, Angela Lee Duckworth studies intangible concepts such as self-control and grit to determine how they might predict both academic and professional success. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
When I was 27 years old,
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27 yoshligimda, menejment konsaltingi
00:14
I left a very demanding job in management consulting
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sohasidagi talabgir ishimni tashlab,
undan-da
00:18
for a job that was even more demanding: teaching.
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talabgir bo‘lgan boshqa ishga o‘tdim:
o‘qituvchilikka. Men Nyu-Yorkga davlat
00:22
I went to teach seventh graders math
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maktablarida 7-sinf o'quvchilariga
matematikadan dars
00:25
in the New York City public schools.
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berish uchun bordim.
00:27
And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests.
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Va har bir o‘qituvchi kabi, nazorat
ishlari va testlar oldim.
00:31
I gave out homework assignments.
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Uyga vazifalar berdim.
00:32
When the work came back, I calculated grades.
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Uy ishlari qaytib kelganda baholarni
hisoblab chiqardim.
00:36
What struck me was that I.Q. was not the only difference
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Meni shu hayron qoldirdiki, mening eng
yaxshi va eng yomon
00:41
between my best and my worst students.
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o‘quvchilarim o‘rtasidagi yagona farq
IQda emas edi.
00:44
Some of my strongest performers
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Eng kuchli o‘quvchilarning
ba'zilarida IQ darajasi u darajada
00:47
did not have stratospheric I.Q. scores.
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yuqori emas edi.
00:49
Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.
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Eng aqlli o'quvchilarimning ba'zilari esa
uncha yaxshi o‘qimayotgandi.
00:54
And that got me thinking.
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Ana shu meni o‘yga toldirdi.
00:56
The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh grade math,
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7-sinf matematikasida o‘rganilishi kerak
bo‘lgan mavzular,
00:59
sure, they're hard: ratios, decimals,
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albatta, qiyin edi: nisbatlar, o‘nlik
sanoq, parallelogrammning yuzi.
01:02
the area of a parallelogram.
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01:04
But these concepts are not impossible,
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Lekin ularni tushunish imkonsiz emas edi
va men o‘quvchilarimning har biri
01:07
and I was firmly convinced that every one of my students
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yetarlicha qattiq va uzoq vaqt o‘z
ustida ishlasa, o‘quv dasturini o‘zlashtira
01:11
could learn the material
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01:13
if they worked hard and long enough.
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olishiga ishonchim komil edi.
01:16
After several more years of teaching,
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Yana bir necha yil muallimlik
qilganimdan keyin,
01:19
I came to the conclusion that what we need in education
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men ta'limda biz o‘quvchilarni va
o‘rganish jarayonini
01:22
is a much better understanding of students and learning
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motivatsion va psixologik
nuqtai nazardan
01:26
from a motivational perspective,
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ancha ko‘proq anglashimiz zarur
01:28
from a psychological perspective.
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degan xulosaga keldim.
01:31
In education, the one thing we know how to measure best
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Ta'limda biz o‘lchashni eng yaxshi
eplaydiganimiz IQdir.
01:36
is I.Q., but what if doing well in school and in life
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Lekin maktabda va hayotda
muvaffaqiyatga erishish
01:42
depends on much more
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tez va oson o‘rganib olish qobiliyatidan
ancha ko‘prog‘iga bog‘liq bo‘lsachi?
01:44
than your ability to learn quickly and easily?
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01:48
So I left the classroom,
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Shunday qilib men sinfxonani tark etdim
01:50
and I went to graduate school to become a psychologist.
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va psixolog bo‘lish uchun
magistraturaga kirdim.
01:53
I started studying kids and adults
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Men bolalar va kattalarni barcha turdagi
01:55
in all kinds of super challenging settings,
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o'ta sinovli sharoitlarda o‘rgana
boshladim,
01:58
and in every study my question was,
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va har bir izlanishda mening oldimda
"Bu yerda kim
02:01
who is successful here and why?
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zafar quchmoqda va nega?" degan savol
turardi.
02:04
My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy.
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Men tadqiqot jamoam bilan West Point
harbiy bilim yurtiga bordik.
02:08
We tried to predict which cadets
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Biz kadetlardan qay
biri harbiy ta'limda
02:10
would stay in military training and which would drop out.
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qolishi va qaysilari uni tashlab
ketishini bashorat qilishga urindik
02:14
We went to the National Spelling Bee
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Biz AQShdagi Milly Imlo Tanloviga
bordik va
02:16
and tried to predict which children would advance
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bolalardan qaysilari musobaqada uzoqroqqa
borishini taxmin qilishga urundik.
02:19
farthest in competition.
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02:21
We studied rookie teachers
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Biz ishlash juda og‘ir bo‘lgan tumanlarga
dars berish uchun
02:23
working in really tough neighborhoods, asking
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yangi kelgan muallimlardan qaysilari
shu yerda o‘qituvchiligini
02:26
which teachers are still going to be here in teaching
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02:29
by the end of the school year,
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o‘quv yili oxirigacha davom ettirarkan va
02:31
and of those, who will be the most effective
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ulardan qaysilari o‘z o‘quvchilarining
o‘zlashtirish
02:34
at improving learning outcomes for their students?
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natijalarini yaxshilay olarkan deb
izlandik.
02:37
We partnered with private companies, asking,
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Xususiy kompaniyalar
sotuvchilaridan
02:39
which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs?
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qaysilari o‘z ishlarini saqlab qolishi
va kim eng ko‘p
02:42
And who's going to earn the most money?
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pul topishini so‘rab, hamkorlik qildik.
02:44
In all those very different contexts,
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Mana shu barcha turfa shart-sharoitlarda
02:47
one characteristic emerged
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bir xususiyat muvaffaqiyat
bashoratlovchisi sifatida ajralib chiqdi.
02:49
as a significant predictor of success.
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02:52
And it wasn't social intelligence.
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Bu ijtimoiy aql-idrok emas,
02:54
It wasn't good looks, physical health, and it wasn't I.Q.
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yaxshi tashqi ko‘rinish, jismoniy
tetiklik emas,
va IQ ham emas edi.
02:59
It was grit.
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Bu matonat edi.
03:01
Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.
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Matonat - bu juda uzoq muddatli maqsadlar
uchun ishtiyoq va tirishqoqlikka
ega bo‘lishdir.
03:06
Grit is having stamina.
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Matonat bu qat'iyatli bo‘lish demak.
03:09
Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out,
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Matonat - kelajakdagi maqsadlarga sodiq
bo‘lish demakdir, kundan kunga,
shunchaki bir hafta emas, shunchaki
bir oy emas, balki yillar davomida
03:13
not just for the week, not just for the month,
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03:16
but for years, and working really hard
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va o‘sha kelajakni ro‘yobga chiqarish
03:20
to make that future a reality.
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uchun jon-jahdi bilan ishlash matonatdir.
03:22
Grit is living life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
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Matonat hayotni sprintdagidek emas,
marafondagidek yashab o‘tishdir.
Bir necha yillar oldin, men Chikagodagi
davlat maktablarida matonatni
03:27
A few years ago, I started studying grit
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03:30
in the Chicago public schools.
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tadqiq qila boshladim.
Men minglab bitiruvchi sinfidagilardan
03:32
I asked thousands of high school juniors
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matonat so‘rovnomalarini to‘ldirishni
so‘radim va
03:35
to take grit questionnaires,
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03:37
and then waited around more than a year
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kim bitirishini ko‘rish uchun bir
03:39
to see who would graduate.
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yildan oshiqroq vaqt poyladim.
Ma'lum bo‘ldiki, matonatliroq
bolalarning maktabni
03:41
Turns out that grittier kids
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03:43
were significantly more likely to graduate,
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bitirish ehtimoli sezilarli darajada
yuqori ekan.
03:46
even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure,
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Hattoki men hisoblashim mumkin bo‘lgan
har bir
xususiyatlar, masalan, oilasining
daromadi, standartlashtirilgan
03:50
things like family income,
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o‘zlashtirish imtihon baholari, hatto
bolalar
03:52
standardized achievement test scores,
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maktabligida qanchalik o‘zini xavfsiz
his qilishini solishtirib ko‘rganimda ham.
03:55
even how safe kids felt when they were at school.
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03:59
So it's not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee
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Demak, matonat faqatgina
harbiy bilim yurti yoki Milliy
04:02
that grit matters. It's also in school,
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Imlo Tanlovidagina katta ahamiyatga ega emas.
U maktablarda ham muhim,
ayniqsa o‘qishni tashlash xavfi bor
bolalar uchun.
04:05
especially for kids at risk for dropping out.
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Matonatni tadqiq qilib, uni shakllantirish
haqida
04:09
To me, the most shocking thing about grit
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biz qanchalik oz bilishimiz, ilm-fanga
qanchalik oz ma'lumligi
04:11
is how little we know,
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04:14
how little science knows, about building it.
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meni eng hayratga solgan narsa bo‘ldi.
Har kuni mendan
04:16
Every day, parents and teachers ask me,
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ota-onalar va
o‘qituvchilar
so‘rashadi: "Bolalarda qanday qilib
matonatni shakllantiraman?
04:19
"How do I build grit in kids?
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04:21
What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic?
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Ularga mustahkam ish o'rgatish uchun
nima qilishim kerak?
04:24
How do I keep them motivated for the long run?"
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Ularning motivatsiyasini uzoq vaqtga
qanday ushlab tursa bo‘ladi?"
04:27
The honest answer is, I don't know. (Laughter)
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Ochiqchasiga javob bersam,
Men bilmayman.
(Kulgi)
Biladiganim shuki, iqtidor sizni matonatli
qilib qo‘ymaydi.
04:32
What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty.
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Bizdagi ma'lumotlar aniq-ravshan
qilib shuni
04:35
Our data show very clearly
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ko‘rsatadiki, o‘z majburiyatlarini ado
04:37
that there are many talented individuals
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etishda sobitqadam bo‘lmagan ko‘p
iqtidor egalari bor.
04:39
who simply do not follow through on their commitments.
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Aslida, bizdagi ma'lumotlarda matonat
iqtidor
04:43
In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated
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o‘lchovlariga odatda bog‘liq emas,
yoki hatto ziddir.
04:47
or even inversely related to measures of talent.
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Shu paytgacha bolalarda matonatni
shakllantirish bo‘yicha eshitganlarimning
04:52
So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids
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04:56
is something called "growth mindset."
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eng zo‘ri "growth mindset", ya'ni
o‘sishga moyil qarashdir.
04:59
This is an idea developed at Stanford University
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Bu Stenford Universitetida Karol Dvek
tomonidan yaratilgan g‘oya bo‘lib,
05:01
by Carol Dweck, and it is the belief
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o‘rganish qobiliyati turg‘un emas, uni o‘z
05:04
that the ability to learn is not fixed,
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sa'y-harakatlaringiz bilan o‘zgar-
tirishingiz mumkinligiga ishonishdir.
05:08
that it can change with your effort.
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05:11
Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn
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Doktor Dvek shuni ko‘rsatdiki,
bolalar miya va uning qiyinchiliklarga
javoban o‘zgarishi va rivojlanishi
05:14
about the brain and how it changes and grows
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05:17
in response to challenge,
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haqida o‘qib, o‘rganar ekanlar,
muvaffaqiyatsizlikka
05:19
they're much more likely to persevere when they fail,
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uchraganlarida shunchalik tirishadilarki,
05:23
because they don't believe that failure
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chunki ular muvaffaqiyatsizlikni
doimiy holat emasligiga ishonadilar.
05:26
is a permanent condition.
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Shunday qilib "o‘sishga moyil qarash"
matonatni shakllantirish uchun ajoyib g‘oya.
05:28
So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit.
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Lekin bizga bundan ko‘prog‘i kerak.
05:32
But we need more.
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05:34
And that's where I'm going to end my remarks,
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Shu yerda esa men o‘z xulosalarimni tugataman,
05:36
because that's where we are.
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sababi biz xali shu joyidamiz.
05:37
That's the work that stands before us.
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Oldimizda shunday ish turibdi-da.
05:40
We need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions,
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Biz o‘zimizning eng yaxshi g‘oyalarimiz
va eng kuchli
intuitsiyalarimizni sinashimiz zarur.
05:44
and we need to test them.
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05:46
We need to measure whether we've been successful,
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Ishimiz omadli chiqqani yo
chiqmaganini aniqlashimiz,
05:49
and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong,
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muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchrash, xato
qilishga va yana
qaytadan boshlashga tayyor
bo‘lishimiz lozim.
05:52
to start over again with lessons learned.
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05:55
In other words, we need to be gritty
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Boshqacha qilib aytganda, biz
bolalarimizni matonatliroq
05:59
about getting our kids grittier.
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qilish uchun matonatliroq bo‘lishimiz
kerak.
06:02
Thank you.
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Rahmat.
06:03
(Applause)
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(Qarsaklar)
Translated by Parvina Khujaeva
Reviewed by Nazarbek Nazarov

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Angela Lee Duckworth - Psychologist
At the University of Pennsylvania, Angela Lee Duckworth studies intangible concepts such as self-control and grit to determine how they might predict both academic and professional success.

Why you should listen

In her late 20s, Angela Lee Duckworth left a demanding job as a management consultant at McKinsey to teach math in public schools in San Francisco, Philadelphia and New York.

After five years of teaching seventh graders, she went back to grad school to complete her Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, where she is now an assistant professor in the psychology department. Her research subjects include students, West Point cadets, and corporate salespeople, all of whom she studies to determine how "grit" is a better indicator of success than factors such as IQ or family income.

More profile about the speaker
Angela Lee Duckworth | Speaker | TED.com