TEDGlobal 2011
Yves Rossy: Fly with the Jetman
伊夫斯 罗西：空中飞人
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伊夫斯 罗西是空中飞人。 身配一副喷气式飞行翼，以身体为方向舵，他在瑞士阿尔卑斯山脉和大峡谷自由飞翔。在介绍他如何飞翔的震撼人心的短片之后，我们邀请罗斯到TED舞台上分享他惊险刺激的飞行经历。
Yves Rossy - Jetman
With a jet-powered wing attached to his body, Yves Rossy expands the possibilities of human flight. Full bio
With a jet-powered wing attached to his body, Yves Rossy expands the possibilities of human flight. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
(Music)
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音乐
00:43
Text: Jetman - Yves Rossy
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字幕： 飞人- 伊夫斯 罗西
00:50
Grand Canyon
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大峡谷
01:23
(Video) Narrator: Many of the tests are conducted
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（图像）解说：在伊夫斯带上飞行翼的时候，
01:25
while Yves is strapped onto the wing,
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要做很多检测，
01:27
because Yves' body is an integral part of the aircraft.
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因为伊夫斯的身体是飞行器的一个部分。
01:30
Text: Wind tunnel tests
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字幕：风洞检测
01:33
Narrator: The wing has no steering controls,
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解说：翅膀没有方向控制器，
01:35
no flaps, no rudder.
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没有折翼，没有方向舵。
01:37
Yves uses his body to steer the wing.
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伊夫斯用身体操控翅膀。
01:40
Stefan von Bergen: Well he turns
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斯蒂芬 凡 卑尔根： 噢， 他就是靠
01:42
by just putting his head on one or the other side.
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把头转向一边或另一边来转向。
01:44
And sometimes he assists that with his hands,
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有时他用手帮忙转向
01:47
sometimes even with the leg.
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有时甚至靠腿帮忙。
01:49
He's acting as a human fuselage, so to say.
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可以说他就是一个人体飞机。
01:52
And that's quite unique.
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这就是特别之处。
01:56
Narrator: When he arches his back,
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解说：他弓背的时候，
01:58
he gains altitude.
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就往上升。
02:09
When he pushes his shoulders forward,
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而当他向前伸展肩膀
02:11
he goes into a dive.
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就往下滑。
02:21
Text: Swiss Alps
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字幕：阿尔卑斯山
03:18
Strait of Gibraltar crossing
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穿越直布罗陀海峡。
03:47
English Channel crossing
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穿越英吉利海峡
03:49
Commentator: There he goes.
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评论：他来了
03:51
There is Yves Rossy.
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伊夫斯 罗西来了！
03:53
And I think the wing is open, the wing is open.
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我想翅膀开了，翅膀开了
03:56
So our first critical moment, it's open.
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这是第一个关键时刻，它开了。
03:58
He is down. Is he flying?
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他下降了，他在飞吗？
04:01
Commentator Two: It looks like he's stabilized.
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第二位评论： 看来他在保持速度
04:03
He's starting to make his climb.
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他又开始上升。
04:05
Commentator: There's that 90 degree turn you're talking about, taking him out.
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评论：他转身90度，就是你讲的那个。
04:07
He's out over the channel.
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他已经到峡谷了。
04:09
There is Yves Rossy.
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罗西来了。
04:11
There is no turning back now.
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现在已不能回头。
04:13
He is over the English Channel and underway.
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他穿过英吉利海峡和海底通道
04:16
Ladies and gentlemen,
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女士们，先生们，
04:18
an historic flight has begun.
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历史性的飞行时刻开始了
04:40
Commentator Two: And what he's going to do as he approaches the ground
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第二位评论员：他在往地面降落时
04:42
is pull down on those toggles to flare,
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会把那些栓扣拉下滑行。
04:44
slow himself down just a little bit,
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放慢速度
04:47
and then come in for a nice landing.
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然后漂亮的降落。
04:55
Commentator: There he is.
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评论：是他
04:57
Yves Rossy has landed in England.
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罗西在英格兰降落了。
05:02
Bruno Giussani: And now he's in Edinburgh. Yves Rossy.
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布鲁诺 吉桑尼： 他现在在爱丁堡。 伊夫斯 罗西。
05:04
(Applause)
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（掌声）
05:14
And his equipment as well.
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他把器材也拿来了。
05:16
Yves, welcome. It is quite amazing.
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伊夫斯，欢迎。真棒。
05:19
Those sequences were shot over the last three years
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那些画面是三年前
05:21
in various moments of your activities.
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在你各种飞行活动中拍摄的
05:23
And there were many, many others.
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还有许多许多其它的时刻。
05:26
So it's possible to fly almost like a bird.
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所以像鸟那样飞行还是可能的。
05:28
What is it [like] to be up there?
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在空中是什么感觉呢？
05:30
Yves Rossy: It's fun. It's fun.
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罗西: 很好玩。很好玩。
05:32
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
05:34
I don't have feathers.
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我没有羽毛
05:37
But I feel like a bird sometimes.
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但我有时觉得自己像一只鸟。
05:39
It's really an unreal feeling,
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是一种不真实的感觉
05:43
because normally you have a big thing,
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因为一般会有大的
05:45
a plane, around you.
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飞机在身边
05:48
And when I strap just these little harnesses,
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当我带上这些小的降落伞被带，
05:52
this little wing,
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这个翅膀
05:54
I really have the feeling of being a bird.
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我真的觉得像一只鸟
05:57
BG: How did you start to become Jetman?
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BG： 你怎么会开始当飞人的？
06:00
YR: It was about 20 years ago
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YR： 那是20年前
06:02
when I discovered free falling.
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我发现了自由降落
06:04
When you go out of an airplane
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当我从飞机出去
06:06
you are almost naked.
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几乎裸体
06:08
You take a position like that.
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就是那种动作
06:11
And especially when you take a tracking position,
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特别是采取跟随姿势时
06:14
you have the feeling
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就有一种
06:16
that you are flying.
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飞翔的感觉
06:18
And that's the nearest thing to the dream.
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这就是最接近梦想的事了
06:22
You have no machine around you.
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周围没有机器
06:25
You are just in the element.
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只有我自己
06:27
It's very short and only in one direction.
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航程很短，而且单项
06:30
So the idea
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所以主要思想
06:32
was, okay, keep that feeling of freedom,
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就是，好的，保持那种自由的感觉
06:37
but change the vector and increase the time.
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但要改变航道，增加飞翔时间
06:40
BG: So I'm kind of curious, what's your top speed?
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BG： 所以我有些好奇，你的最高速度是什么？
06:43
YR: It's about 300 km per hour before looping.
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YR： 转弯前大概每小时300 公里
06:47
That means about 190 miles per hour.
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就是每小时190公里
06:50
BG: And what's the weight of the equipment you're carrying?
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BG：那么你带的器械有多重呢？
06:52
YR: When I exit full of kerosene,
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如果满载柴油
06:55
I'm about 55 kilos.
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我大概是55 公斤。
06:58
I have 55 kilos on my back.
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我是说有55公斤在我的背上
07:00
BG: And you're not piloting?
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BG： 那你不飞的时候呢？
07:02
There is no handle, no steering nothing?
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没有拉手，没有方向盘，什么都没有吗？
07:04
It is purely your body,
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就靠你的身体，
07:06
and the wings become part of the body and vice versa?
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翅膀变成你身体的部分，或者相反？
07:08
YR: That's really the goal,
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YR：这真的是我的目标
07:10
because if you put [in] steering,
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因为如果我装上方向盘
07:13
then you reinvent the airplane.
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就等于重新发明飞机了，
07:15
And I wanted to keep this freedom of movement.
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我想要的是保持这种自由的飞翔动作
07:20
And it's really like the kid playing the airplane.
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这很像孩子玩飞机
07:22
I want to go down like that.
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我就想像那样下降
07:24
And up I climb, I turn.
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然后上升，转弯。
07:27
It's really pure flying.
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纯粹的飞行。
07:30
It's not steering, it's flight.
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不是航行，是飞行。
07:33
BG: What kind of training do you do,
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BG： 你为此做了什么
07:36
you personally, for that?
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个人训练吗？
07:38
YR: Actually, I try to stay just fit.
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YR： 实际上，我努力保持健康
07:42
I don't do special physical training.
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我不做特别的体能训练
07:46
Just, I try to keep my mobility
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我只是通过新的活动
07:50
through new activities.
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保持灵活
07:53
For example,
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比如
07:56
last winter I began with kite surfing --
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去年冬天，我开始风筝冲浪--
07:59
so new things.
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做新的事情
08:01
So you have to adapt.
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所以你必须适应
08:03
Because this is -- I'm quite an experienced manager of systems
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所以就是--我是飞行员
08:06
as a pilot,
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对于系统管理很有经验
08:08
but this is really --
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但是真是情况是
08:10
you need fluidity,
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我需要流畅性
08:12
you need to be agile
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需要灵活
08:14
and also to adapt really fast.
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同时也要能适应快速
08:17
BG: Somebody in the audience asked me,
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BG： 有观众问
08:19
"How does he breathe up there?"
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他在空中是怎么呼吸的？
08:21
because you're going fast and you're up 3,000 meters or so.
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因为你的速度很快，而且你飞到高空3000米左右处
08:24
YR: Okay, up to 3,000 meters,
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YR： 是的，到3000米
08:26
it's not such a big problem with oxygen.
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氧气不是大问题
08:29
But for example, bikers,
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但是，举例说，自行车手
08:32
they have the same speed.
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也有同样的速度
08:34
Just with the helmet, integral helmet,
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只要带上面罩
08:36
it's really no problem to breathe.
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呼吸不成问题
08:38
BG: Describe for me the equipment since you have it here.
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给我谈谈你带来的这些器械。
08:41
So Breitling's four engines.
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百年灵的四个引擎。
08:44
YR: Yeah, two-meter span.
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YR： 是的，两米长。
08:46
Ultrastable profile.
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超稳定系统。
08:48
Four little engines,
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四个小的引擎
08:50
22 kilos thrust each, turbines
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每个22公里的推力，
08:53
working with kerosene.
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柴油涡轮机
08:55
Harness, parachute.
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降落伞背带，降落伞
08:58
My only instruments are [an] altimeter and time.
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我唯一的仪器是测高仪和计时器。
09:01
I know I have about eight minutes fuel.
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我知道我有大约8分钟的油可用
09:04
So just check before it's finished.
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所以在用完前要检查一下。
09:08
(Laughter)
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笑
09:10
And yeah, that's all.
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嗯，就这些了。
09:13
Two parachutes.
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两幅降落伞
09:16
That means, if I have a problem
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就是说，如果我拉的第一副
09:18
with the first one I pull,
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降落伞出了问题
09:20
I still have the possibility
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我还可以
09:22
to open the second one.
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打开第二个
09:24
And this is my life.
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所以这是救命用的
09:26
That's the real important thing about safety.
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这对于安全真的很重要
09:29
I did use that
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我在过去的15年中
09:31
during these last 15 years
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使用过
09:33
about 20 times --
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大约20次--
09:35
never with that type of wing, but at the beginning.
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但是在开始飞的时候。有了这种翅膀后从没用过。
09:38
I can release my wing
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我在旋转时，不稳定时
09:41
when I am in a spin or unstable.
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就可以打开翅膀。
09:44
BG: We saw the 2009 crossing of the Gibraltar Strait
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BG： 我们看到在2009年你穿越直布罗陀海峡时
09:47
where you lost control
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失去了控制
09:49
and then you dived down into the clouds
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然后你俯冲到云里
09:51
and in the ocean.
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又冲到海里
09:53
So that was one of those cases where you let the wings go, right?
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你就是在那种情况下你会放开翅膀的，是吗？
09:56
YR: Yeah. I did try in [the] clouds,
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YR： 是的。 我在云层里尝试
09:59
but you lose [orientation completely].
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但是完全失去了方向。
10:02
So I did try to take, again,
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所以我又尝试
10:04
a climb altitude.
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在往上飞。
10:07
I thought, okay, I will go out.
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我想，没问题，我会出去的。
10:09
But most probably I did something like that.
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但是，确实有可能，我那样做了。
10:13
BG: Something that is not very safe in image.
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BG： 那样看起来可不安全啊。
10:16
YR: But you feel great,
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YR：但你感觉很棒
10:18
but you have not the right altitude.
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只是高度不对。
10:23
So the next thing I saw was just blue.
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所以后来我看到的就是蓝色
10:26
It was the sea.
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是大海
10:28
I have also an audible altimeter.
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我还有一只发声测高器
10:30
So I was at my minimum altitude
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所以我在那个航线的
10:33
in that vector -- fast --
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最低高度，速度很快
10:36
so I pulled that.
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拉降落伞
10:38
And then I did open my chute.
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然后就拉开了
10:40
BG: So the wings have their own parachute, and you have your two parachutes.
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所以每个翅膀上都有一个降落伞，总共有两个。
10:43
YR: Exactly. There is a rescue parachute for the wing
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YR： 确实。翅膀上有一个救援降落伞
10:46
for two reasons:
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主要有两个原因
10:48
so I can repair it afterward
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一来可以在事后修理
10:50
and especially so nobody takes that, just on his head.
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另外主要是没有人会拿，就在头顶上。
10:54
BG: I see. Maybe come back here.
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BG： 明白。也许回到这里来
10:57
This is risky stuff indeed.
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这确实是很危险的。
10:59
People have died trying to do this kind of thing.
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有人尝试做这样的事结果送命了。
11:02
And you don't look like a crazy guy; you're a Swiss airline pilot,
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你看起来不像疯狂的家伙，你是瑞士飞行员。
11:05
so you're rather a checklist kind of guy.
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所以你是很仔细的人
11:08
I assume you have standards.
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我估计你有你的标准。
11:10
YR: Yeah. I have no checklist for that.
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是的。但我没有什么检查清单。
11:13
BG: Let's not tell you employer.
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BG： 不要告诉你的老板哦！
11:16
YR: No, that's really two worlds.
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YR：不，这是两个世界。
11:20
Civil aviation is something that we know very well.
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我们很了解民航
11:23
We have a hundred years of experience.
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已有两百年的经验
11:26
And you can adapt really precisely.
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因此我们可以恪守
11:30
With that,
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规定
11:32
I have to adapt to something new.
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但是现在是全新的东西，需要去适应
11:34
That means improvise.
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这意味着改进
11:36
So it's really a play between these two approaches.
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所以这实在是这两套系统
11:39
Something that I know very well --
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有一些我很熟悉
11:41
these principles, for example,
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比如这些原则
11:43
we have two engines on an Airbus;
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一架空中客车有两个引擎
11:45
with only one engine, you can fly it.
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但是我们只需要有一个就可以飞行了。
11:47
So plan B, always a plan B.
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所以要有第二套计划，总是要准备第二套计划。
11:50
In a fighter, you have an ejection seat.
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在飞机上，有一个弹射座椅
11:52
That's my ejection seat.
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这是我的弹射座椅。
11:54
So I have the approach of a professional pilot
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所以我有职业飞行员
11:57
with the respect of a pioneer
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在自然母亲面前
12:02
in front of Mother Nature.
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表示尊敬的做法
12:05
BG: It's well said. It's well said.
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BG： 说的好，说的好。
12:08
What happens if one of the engines stops?
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如果其中的一个引擎坏了怎么办
12:11
YR: I do a roll.
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YR: 我换另一个用。
12:15
And then I stabilize,
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然后我根据我的高度
12:17
and according to my altitude,
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稳定速度
12:19
I continue on two or three engines.
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再用两到三个引擎。
12:21
It's sometimes possible --
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这是可能的--
12:23
it's quite complicated to explain --
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要解释起来比较复杂
12:26
but according to which regime I was,
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但是我采取的方法是
12:30
I can continue on two
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继续用第二个引擎
12:32
and try to get a nice place to land, and then I open my parachute.
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找到安全的地方准备降落，然后打开降落伞。
12:35
BG: So the beginning of the flight
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BG： 在飞行开始之时
12:37
is actually you jump off a plane or a helicopter,
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你实际上会从飞机或直升机上跳下
12:39
and you go on a dive and accelerate the engines,
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继续俯冲，加速引擎
12:42
and then you basically take off mid-air somewhere.
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然后在空中起飞
12:45
And then the landing, as we have seen,
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再降落，正如我们所见到的
12:47
arriving on this side of the channel,
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通过降落伞
12:49
is through a parachute.
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在海峡这边抵达
12:51
So just as a curiosity,
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有些好奇
12:53
where did you land when you flew over the Grand Canyon?
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你在飞跃大峡谷时在哪里降落呢？
12:56
Did you land on the rim, down at the bottom?
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是在边缘还是在底谷？
12:59
YR: It was down on the bottom.
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YR: 是在底谷
13:01
And I came back afterward
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之后我乘坐在直升机后部的滑板上
13:03
on the sled of the helicopter back.
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回来
13:05
But it was too stoney and full of cactus on top.
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在上面岩石坚硬，而且长满仙人掌。
13:10
BG: That's exactly why I asked the question.
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BG： 所以我才要问这个问题。
13:12
YR: And also the currents are quite funny there.
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而且那里的气流也很奇怪
13:17
There is big thermal activity,
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有大的热流活动
13:19
big difference in altitude also.
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海拔高度也有大的不同。
13:21
So it was much safer for me to land at the bottom.
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所以降落在低谷安全的多。
13:25
BG: So I think that right now, many people in the audience
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BG： 现在，我想，很多在坐的观众
13:28
are asking, "Okay, when are you developing a double-seater
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一定想问：“ 好啊，什么时候你能设计双座
13:30
so they can fly with you?"
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他们可以和你一起飞？”
13:32
YR: I have a standard answer.
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YR： 我有标准答案
13:34
Have you ever seen tandem birds?
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你有见过纵排飞行的鸟呢？
13:38
BG: Perfect answer.
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BG： 太棒的答案！
13:40
(Applause)
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（掌声）
13:50
Yves, one last question.
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Yves,最后一个问题
13:52
What's next for you? What's next for Jetman?
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下一步的计划是什么？飞人的下一步计划是什么？
13:55
YR: First, to instruct a younger guy.
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YR：首先，带一个学徒
13:59
I want to share it,
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我想分享我的飞行经验，
14:01
to do formation flights.
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进行常规飞行
14:03
And I plan to start from a cliff,
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然后我计划从悬崖开始
14:05
like catapulted from a cliff.
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从悬崖上如弹射器般发射
14:07
BG: So instead of jumping off a plane, yes?
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BG：就是不从飞机上跳下了，是吗？
14:09
YR: Yes, with the final goal to take off,
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YR： 是的，最终的目标是要起飞
14:11
but with initial speed.
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但是初始速度是那样的。
14:13
Really, I go step by step.
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是的，我是按部就班的做
14:15
It seems a little bit crazy,
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看起来有点疯狂
14:17
but it's not.
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实际上并不是的。
14:19
It's possible to start already now, it's just too dangerous.
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其实现在就可以开始了，就是还觉得太危险
14:22
(Laughter)
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（笑）
14:24
Thanks to the increasing technology, better technology,
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由于不断完善的技术
14:28
it will be safe.
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会安全的。
14:30
And I hope it will be for everybody.
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我希望今后每个人都可以飞。
14:33
BG: Yves, thank you very much. Yves Rossy.
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BG： Yves,非常谢谢， Yves Rossy.
14:35
(Applause)
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(鼓掌）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Yves Rossy - JetmanWith a jet-powered wing attached to his body, Yves Rossy expands the possibilities of human flight.
Why you should listen
On May 7 of this year, Swiss pilot Yves Rossy stepped out of a helicopter 8,000 feet above the Grand Canyon and ... took off. Wearing a rigid wing powered by four model jet turbine engines, Rossy flew for eight minutes over the mile-deep trench, soaring over the red rocks before parachuting down to the Colorado River far below. It's the latest exploit in a life powered by one dream: to fly like a bird.
Wearing his single wing, Rossy really flies, steering with the movements of his body. In the last couple of years he has crossed the English Channel, flown over the Swiss Alps and performed aerobatic loops around a hot-air balloon; for his next quest, he is developing a new kind of parachute that will enable him to fly as low as 200 meters.
Yves Rossy | Speaker | TED.com