ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Seth Godin - Marketer and author
Seth Godin is an entrepreneur and blogger who thinks about the marketing of ideas in the digital age. His newest interest: the tribes we lead.

Why you should listen

"Seth Godin may be the ultimate entrepreneur for the Information Age," Mary Kuntz wrote in Business Week nearly a decade ago. "Instead of widgets or car parts, he specializes in ideas -- usually, but not always, his own." In fact, he's as focused on spreading ideas as he is on the ideas themselves.

After working as a software brand manager in the mid-1980s, Godin started Yoyodyne, one of the first Internet-based direct-marketing firms, with the notion that companies needed to rethink how they reached customers. His efforts caught the attention of Yahoo!, which bought the company in 1998 and kept Godin on as a vice president of permission marketing. Godin has produced several critically acclaimed and attention-grabbing books, including Permission MarketingAll Marketers Are Liars, and Purple Cow (which was distributed in a milk carton). In 2005, Godin founded Squidoo.com, a Web site where users can share links and information about an idea or topic important to them.

More profile about the speaker
Seth Godin | Speaker | TED.com
TED2003

Seth Godin: How to get your ideas to spread

塞斯-戈丁和他的切片面包

Filmed:
6,737,198 views

在一个有太多选择而时间有限的世界里,我们自然而然会忽视那些平淡无奇的东西。营销专家塞斯-戈丁道出了其中的缘由,就吸引我们的注意力而言,相比那些乏味的,坏的或者是怪异的想法更容易取得成功。
- Marketer and author
Seth Godin is an entrepreneur and blogger who thinks about the marketing of ideas in the digital age. His newest interest: the tribes we lead. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:25
I'm going to give you
four specific具体 examples例子,
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我会给你们四个具体的实例来证明我的观点——并且最后我会进行总结——
00:28
I'm going to cover at the end结束
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一家名叫丝绸的公司是怎样通过只做一件事就把他们的销售额提高到原来的三倍。
00:30
about how a company公司 called Silk
tripled三倍 their sales销售,
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00:32
how an artist艺术家 named命名 Jeff杰夫 Koons昆斯
went from being存在 a nobody没有人
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艺术家杰夫-昆斯是怎样从一个原来什么都不是
00:36
to making制造 a whole整个 bunch of money
and having a lot of impact碰撞,
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变成一个挣了一大堆钱并且十分有影响力的人,
00:39
to how Frank坦率 Gehry盖瑞 redefined重新定义
what it meant意味着 to be an architect建筑师.
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弗兰克-盖里是怎样重新定义一个建筑师所代表的正真含义。
00:42
And one of my biggest最大 failures故障
as a marketer营销 in the last few少数 years年份,
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最为一个市场营销人员,在过去的几年中我犯得最大的错误之一就是,
创建了一个唱片公司,发行了一张叫“酱汁”的唱片。
00:46
a record记录 label标签 I started开始
that had a CD光盘 called "Sauce."
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在开始之前我得和你们说一个名叫奥托-罗韦德尔的家伙以及发生在他和切片面包之间的故事。
00:50
Before I can do that
I've got to tell you about sliced切片 bread面包,
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00:53
and a guy named命名 Otto玫瑰油 Rohwedder罗韦德尔.
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00:54
Now, before sliced切片 bread面包
was invented发明 in the 1910s
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好,1910年在切片面包被发明之前
我想知道那时的人们说了什么?
00:58
I wonder奇迹 what they said?
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像之前的伟大发明一样,电报或者别的什么东西。
01:00
Like the greatest最大 invention发明
since以来 the telegraph电报 or something.
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当时这个名叫奥托-罗韦德尔的家伙发明了切片面包,
01:03
But this guy named命名 Otto玫瑰油 Rohwedder罗韦德尔
invented发明 sliced切片 bread面包,
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和大多数发明家所做的一样,他把所有的注意力集中在销售和制造上。
01:06
and he focused重点, like most inventors发明家 did,
on the patent专利 part部分 and the making制造 part部分.
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01:11
And the thing about the invention发明
of sliced切片 bread面包 is this --
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事实上关于切片面包这项发明当初是这样一个情况——
01:14
that for the first 15 years年份
after sliced切片 bread面包 was available可得到
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最初15年里在人们可以得到它的情况下
01:18
no one bought it; no one knew知道 about it;
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没有人购买,没有人知道。它是一个彻头彻尾失败的发明。
01:21
it was a complete完成 and total failure失败.
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01:23
And the reason原因
is that until直到 Wonder奇迹 came来了 along沿
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原因就在于Wonder牌面包出现之前,
01:28
and figured想通 out how to spread传播
the idea理念 of sliced切片 bread面包,
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在切片面包的理念走进千家万户之前,根本就没有人想要它。
01:32
no one wanted it.
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01:33
That the success成功 of sliced切片 bread面包,
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其实切片面包的成功,
01:35
like the success成功 of almost几乎 everything
we've我们已经 talked about at this conference会议,
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就像今天我们在这里讨论其他所有成功的事物一样,
它并不是总带着诸如它的专利是怎样的,或者它的工厂是怎样的疑问,
01:39
is not always about what the patent专利
is like, or what the factory is like --
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关键是你能不能把你的想法传播开来。
01:45
it's about can you get
your idea理念 to spread传播, or not.
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我认为得到你想要的,
01:49
And I think that the way
you're going to get what you want,
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改变你想改变的,你想让它发生的,
01:52
or cause原因 the change更改 that you want
to change更改, to happen发生,
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关键是你得想出一个能使你想法得到传播的方法。
01:55
is to figure数字 out a way
to get your ideas思路 to spread传播.
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对我来说无论你正经营着一家咖啡馆
01:57
And it doesn't matter to me
whether是否 you're running赛跑 a coffee咖啡 shop
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还是你是一个知识分子,或者你是一个商人,甚至你正驾驶着一个热气球在天上飞。
02:01
or you're an intellectual知识分子,
or you're in business商业,
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02:03
or you're flying飞行 hot air空气 balloons气球.
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这适用于任何你所从事的任何职业不管我们是干什么的。
02:06
I think that all this stuff东东 applies适用
to everybody每个人 regardless而不管 of what we do.
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我们正生活在一个想法蔓延的年代。
02:12
That what we are living活的 in
is a century世纪 of idea理念 diffusion扩散.
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只有懂得传播想法的人才是赢家。
02:17
That people who can spread传播 ideas思路,
regardless而不管 of what those ideas思路 are, win赢得.
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02:21
When I talk about it
I usually平时 pick business商业,
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通常说起它我就会拿做生意作为例子
02:23
because they make the best最好 pictures图片
that you can put in your presentation介绍,
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因为我可以把最好看的剪贴画放到我的呈现中来
并且生意的成功与否很容易衡量
02:27
and because it's the easiest最简单的
sort分类 of way to keep score得分了.
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但是当我使用这些例子的时候我希望你们能原谅我
02:30
But I want you to forgive原谅 me
when I use these examples例子
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因为我所说的一切都需要你们自己花时间去验证。
02:32
because I'm talking about anything
that you decide决定 to spend your time to do.
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想法传播的核心是电视和类似电视的东西。
02:36
At the heart of spreading传播 ideas思路
is TV电视 and stuff东东 like TV电视.
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某种程度上电视和大众传媒使得我们传播想法变得更加容易。
02:41
TV电视 and mass media媒体 made制作 it really easy简单
to spread传播 ideas思路 in a certain某些 way.
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02:47
I call it the "TV-industrial电视产业 complex复杂."
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我称之为电视工业中心。
它的运作流程是这样的,首先你买了一些广告——
02:50
The way the TV-industrial电视产业 complex复杂 works作品,
is you buy购买 some ads广告,
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它影响一些人——接着你得到客户。
02:53
interrupt打断 some people,
that gets得到 you distribution分配.
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然后把更多的产品买给他们。
02:56
You use the distribution分配 you get
to sell more products制品.
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最后赚了钱的你继续做更多的广告。
03:00
You take the profit利润
from that to buy购买 more ads广告.
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03:03
And it goes around and around and around,
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它就是这样不停地循环循环循环,
03:05
the same相同 way that the military-industrial军工业
complex复杂 worked工作 a long time ago.
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相同的方法我们的军工业已经用了很长时间。
并且那样的模式,我们昨天就已经听说了,
03:09
That model模型 of,
and we heard听说 it yesterday昨天 --
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如果我们能上谷歌的主页,
03:11
if we could only get
onto the homepage主页 of Google谷歌,
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如果我们想办法在那里获得排名,
03:13
if we could only figure数字 out
how to get promoted提拔 there,
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如果我们能抓住那些人的要害,
03:16
or grab that person by the throat,
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告诉他们关于我们想做的事。
03:18
and tell them about what we want to do.
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03:20
If we did that then everyone大家 would pay工资
attention注意, and we would win赢得.
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如果我们那样做的话每个人都会引起注意,这样我们才有可能达到推广的目的。
03:24
Well, this TV-industrial电视产业 complex复杂 informed通知
my entire整个 childhood童年 and probably大概 yours你的.
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是的,这样的电视工业中心曾经鼓舞着我的整个童年或许还有你的。
我的意思是,所有那些成功的产品是因为有些人知道
03:30
I mean, all of these products制品 succeeded成功
because someone有人 figured想通 out
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怎样用一种出人意料的方式与人建立起联系,
03:35
how to touch触摸 people in a way
they weren't expecting期待,
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用一种未必需要一个广告的方法,
03:38
in a way they didn't
necessarily一定 want, with an ad广告,
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反反复复直到人们买下它。
03:40
over and over again until直到 they bought it.
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接着就发生了一件事,大家都把电视给关了。
03:42
And the thing that's happened发生 is,
they canceled取消 the TV-industrial电视产业 complex复杂.
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只是在最近几年里,
03:47
That just over the last few少数 years年份,
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那些推销产品的人发现
03:49
what anybody任何人 who markets市场
anything has discovered发现
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以前的工作方法现在已经失效了。
03:52
is that it's not working加工
the way that it used to.
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03:54
This picture图片 is really fuzzy模糊, I apologize道歉;
I had a bad cold when I took it.
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这张图片十分模糊,我很抱歉,那是我感冒时拍的。
中间蓝色盒子里的东西就是我想说的典型代表。
03:58
(Laughter笑声)
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04:00
But the product产品 in the blue蓝色 box
in the center中央 is my poster海报 child儿童.
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对。我去了这家药店,我病了。我需要买一些药。
04:03
I go to the deli熟食店; I'm sick生病;
I need to buy购买 some medicine医学.
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产品经理为那个装在蓝色盒子里的东西花了一亿美元
04:07
The brand manager经理 for that blue蓝色 product产品
spent花费 100 million百万 dollars美元
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试着在一年内引起我的注意。
04:10
trying to interrupt打断 me in one year.
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用一亿美元制造出来的电视广告和杂志广告还有垃圾邮件
04:12
100 million百万 dollars美元 interrupting中断 me
with TV电视 commercials广告
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04:15
and magazine杂志 ads广告 and Spam垃圾邮件
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外加那些优惠券、限量供应、红利——
04:17
and coupons优惠券 and shelving货架
allowances津贴 and spiffSPIFF --
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那些所有我都可以直接忽略掉的单个信息。
04:20
all so I could ignore忽视
every一切 single message信息.
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于是我就把它们给忽略了因为在购买止疼药这一点上我没有任何疑问。
04:23
And I ignored忽视 every一切 message信息
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04:25
because I don't have
a pain疼痛 reliever投手 problem问题.
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我买了黄色盒子里的药因为我一直用它。
04:27
I buy购买 the stuff东东 in the yellow黄色 box
because I always have.
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我不打算从我的时间里抽出任何一分钟来解决她的问题,
04:29
And I'm not going to invest投资 a minute分钟
of my time to solve解决 her problem问题,
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因为我不关心。
04:34
because I don't care关心.
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这里有一本名叫《合成水》的杂志。它用了180页来谈论水。
04:36
Here's这里的 a magazine杂志 called "Hydrate水合物."
It's 180 pages网页 about water.
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(笑声)
04:41
(Laughter笑声)
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是的。那些关于水的文章,水的广告。
04:42
Articles用品 about water, ads广告 about water.
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让我们想象一下40年以前的世界是什么样的
04:45
Imagine想像 what the world世界
was like 40 years年份 ago,
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那时只有《周六晚报》、《时代周刊》和《新闻周刊》。
04:48
with just the Saturday星期六 Evening晚间 Post岗位
and Time and Newsweek新闻周刊.
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现在居然出现了只谈论水的杂志。
04:51
Now there are magazines杂志 about water.
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这是来自可口可乐日本公司的新产品——色拉水。
04:53
New product产品 from Coke可乐 Japan日本: water salad沙拉.
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(笑声)
04:56
(Laughter笑声)
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04:57
Coke可乐 Japan日本 comes out
with a new product产品 every一切 three weeks,
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不错。每过三个星期,他们就会推出一款新产品。
因为他们完全不知道哪样产品会大卖,哪样不会。
05:02
because they have no idea理念
what's going to work and what's not.
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接下来的这个更绝。四天前出来的。
05:05
I couldn't不能 have written书面
this better myself.
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05:07
It came来了 out four days ago --
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我就圈出了关键的部分然后你可以在这里看到。
05:09
I circled盘旋 the important重要 parts部分
so you can see them here.
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它们来了……阿比汉堡打算花八十五亿美元来宣传一只隔热手套
05:13
They've他们已经 come out...
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05:14
Arby's阿拜的 is going to spend
85 million百万 dollars美元 promoting促进 an oven烤箱 mitt手套
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用汤姆-阿诺德的声音,
05:18
with the voice语音 of Tom汤姆 Arnold阿诺德,
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希望那会使人走进阿比汉堡店买一个烤牛肉三明治。
05:21
hoping希望 that that will get people to go
to Arby's阿拜的 and buy购买 a roast beef牛肉 sandwich三明治.
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(笑声)
05:26
(Laughter笑声)
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我在想,他们究竟要在一个动画电视广告里搞些什么鬼,
05:27
Now, I had tried试着 to imagine想像 what could
possibly或者 be in an animated动画 TV电视 commercial广告
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还要配搭上汤姆-阿诺德的声音,才能让你开着车,
05:32
featuring特色 Tom汤姆 Arnold阿诺德,
that would get you to get in your car汽车,
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穿过城,去买一个烤牛肉三明治。
05:36
drive驾驶 across横过 town
and buy购买 a roast beef牛肉 sandwich三明治.
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(笑声)
05:39
(Laughter笑声)
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05:40
Now, this is Copernicus哥白尼, and he was right,
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看,这是哥白尼,他是对的,
他总是和一个需要听你想法的人说话。
05:44
when he was talking to anyone任何人
who needs需求 to hear your idea理念.
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05:46
"The world世界 revolves围绕 around me."
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世界每天在围着我转,我,我,我,我,我。我最爱的一个人——就是我。
05:48
Me, me, me, me. My favorite喜爱 person -- me.
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我不想收到任何人的邮件,我只想收到“自己的邮件。”
05:51
I don't want to get email电子邮件
from anybody任何人; I want to get "memailmemail."
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05:54
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
05:56
So consumers消费者, and I don't just mean
people who buy购买 stuff东东 at the Safeway西夫韦;
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所以消费者,我指的不是那些在西夫韦卖场里买东西的人,
我指的是国防部里那些可能需要买一些东西的人,
06:02
I mean people at the Defense防御 Department
who might威力 buy购买 something,
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或者那些供职于《纽约客》可能会打印你文章的人。
06:05
or people at, you know, the New Yorker纽约客
who might威力 print打印 your article文章.
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消费者一点都不在乎你,他们就是不在乎。
06:08
Consumers消费者 don't care关心 about you
at all; they just don't care关心.
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部分原因是——他们比过去有更多选择的机会,
06:13
Part部分 of the reason原因 is -- they've他们已经 got
way more choices选择 than they used to,
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和更少的时间。
06:17
and way less time.
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在一个我们有太多选择
06:19
And in a world世界 where we have
too many许多 choices选择 and too little time,
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而时间有限的世界里,无疑我们会对有些东西视而不见。
06:23
the obvious明显 thing to do
is just ignore忽视 stuff东东.
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06:27
And my parable寓言 here
is you're driving主动 down the road
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打个比方来说,当你正在路上开车的时候
如果你看见一头母牛,然后你会继续开车
06:31
and you see a cow, and you keep driving主动
because you've seen看到 cows奶牛 before.
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因为你之前见过母牛。
母牛是视而不见的。母牛是无趣乏味的。
06:35
Cows奶牛 are invisible无形. Cows奶牛 are boring无聊.
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谁会把车停在路边然后对人说——看,一头母牛。没有人会那样做。
06:38
Who's谁是 going to stop and pull over
and say -- "Oh, look, a cow."
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06:41
Nobody没有人.
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06:42
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
06:44
But if the cow was purple紫色 --
isn't that a great special特别 effect影响?
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但如果那只母牛是紫色的话——那个特效挺酷吧?
只要你愿意我可以重复一遍。
06:48
I could do that again if you want.
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06:49
If the cow was purple紫色,
you'd notice注意 it for a while.
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如果那只母牛是紫色的,你可能就会留意它一段时间。
06:54
I mean, if all cows奶牛 were purple紫色
you'd get bored无聊 with those, too.
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我的意思是,如果所有的母牛都是紫色的,你同样会感到无趣。
06:57
The thing that's going to decide决定
what gets得到 talked about,
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一件事它可以决定人们谈论什么,
做什么,改变什么,
07:01
what gets得到 doneDONE, what gets得到 changed,
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购买什么,制造什么,
07:03
what gets得到 purchased购买, what gets得到 built内置,
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关键是——这是一件不同寻常的事吗?
07:05
is: "Is it remarkable卓越?"
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与众不同实在是一个十分酷的词因为我们常常把它理解为巧妙的意思,
07:08
And "remarkable卓越" is a really cool word,
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07:10
because we think it just means手段 "neat整齐,"
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07:12
but it also means手段
"worth价值 making制造 a remark备注 about."
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它还意味着——值得我们去讨论。
07:16
And that is the essence本质
of where idea理念 diffusion扩散 is going.
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这就是想法传播的本质。
在美国所有热销的汽车中,两辆中的其中一辆是价值五万五千美元的大汽车,
07:21
That two of the hottest最热 cars汽车
in the United联合的 States状态
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07:24
is a 55,000-dollar-美元 giant巨人 car汽车,
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大到足够在它的后备箱中再放入一辆小汽车。
07:27
big enough足够 to hold保持 a Mini微型 in its trunk树干.
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人们愿意全额付款来购买它们,然而它们唯一的共同之处
07:30
People are paying付款 full充分 price价钱 for both,
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07:32
and the only thing they have in common共同
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就是没有任何共同之处。
07:35
is that they don't have
anything in common共同.
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(笑声)
07:38
(Laughter笑声)
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07:39
Every一切 week, the number one
best-selling最畅销 DVDDVD in America美国 changes变化.
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在美国每周DVD销量排行榜的第一名都在变化。
不会永远都是《教父》,不会永远都是《公民凯恩》,
07:45
It's never "The Godfather教父,"
it's never "Citizen公民 Kane凯恩,"
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他们通常是一些三流电影配上二流影星
07:48
it's always some third-rate三流 movie电影
with some second-rate第二次评价 star.
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07:51
But the reason原因 it's number one
is because that's the week it came来了 out.
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但它成为第一名的原因仅仅是因为它是这周发行的。
07:56
Because it's new, because it's fresh新鲜.
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因为它是新出的,因为它是新鲜的。
07:58
People saw it and said
"I didn't know that was there"
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因为大家看见了都会说——我不知道它在那里——
然后就会去留意它。
08:01
and they noticed注意到 it.
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08:02
Two of the big success成功 stories故事
of the last 20 years年份 in retail零售 --
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近二十年零售业里两个最成功的故事——
一个是把装在蓝色盒子里的东西卖得超贵,
08:05
one sells塞尔斯 things that are
super-expensive超贵 in a blue蓝色 box,
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另一个是尽可能地把他们制造出来的东西卖得更便宜。
08:08
and one sells塞尔斯 things that are
as cheap低廉 as they can make them.
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08:11
The only thing they have in common共同
is that they're different不同.
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他们唯一的共同之处就是他们十分不同。
08:14
We're now in the fashion时尚 business商业,
no matter what we do for a living活的,
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最近很流行做服装生意,为了生存不管我们做什么,
服装行业都会长盛不衰。
08:18
we're in the fashion时尚 business商业.
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08:19
And people in the fashion时尚 business商业
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有一件事就是,服装行业的人
08:21
know what it's like to be in the fashion时尚
business商业 -- they're used to it.
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知道这个行业会变成什么样子,因为他们早就习惯了。
对于剩下的我们不得不想清楚应该怎样去思考。
08:24
The rest休息 of us have to figure数字 out
how to think that way.
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怎样去理解这不是关于用整幅大页面广告去妨碍人们,
08:27
How to understand理解
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08:28
that it's not about interrupting中断
people with big full-page完整页面 ads广告,
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或者是坚持让别人看见。
08:32
or insisting坚持 on meetings会议 with people.
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这是一个完全不同的方法来确定哪些想法会得到传播,
08:34
But it's a totally完全 different不同
sort分类 of process处理
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08:37
that determines确定 which哪一个 ideas思路 spread传播,
and which哪一个 ones那些 don't.
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哪些没有。
08:40
They sold出售 a billion十亿 dollars'美元的
worth价值 of AeronAeron座椅 chairs椅子
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这把椅子——是他们买了十个亿的艾龙铝合金椅子
因为他们颠覆了买卖椅子的含义
08:44
by reinventing重塑
what it meant意味着 to sell a chair椅子.
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08:47
They turned转身 a chair椅子 from something
the purchasing购买 department bought,
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椅子不再是采购部门随便买来的东西
而是你在工作场所身份的象征
08:51
to something that was a status状态 symbol符号
about where you satSAT at work.
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这个家伙,他叫莱昂内尔-普尔兰,全世界最有名的面包师——
08:55
This guy, Lionel莱昂内尔 Poil离题âneNE,
the most famous著名 baker面包师傅 in the world世界 --
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08:58
he died死亡 two and a half months个月 ago,
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就在两个半月以前他刚刚去世,
他是我心目中的英雄和好朋友。
09:01
and he was a hero英雄 of mine
and a dear friend朋友.
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他住在巴黎。去年他总共卖出了价值一千万美元的法式面包。
09:03
He lived生活 in Paris巴黎.
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09:04
Last year, he sold出售 10 million百万 dollars'美元的
worth价值 of French法国 bread面包.
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09:08
Every一切 loaf面包 baked烘烤的 in a bakery面包店 he owned拥有的,
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每条面包在他自己的面包房里进行烤制,一位面包师负责一条面包那样,在一个木质的烤箱里。
09:11
by one baker面包师傅 at a time,
in a wood-fired烧柴 oven烤箱.
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最初当莱昂内尔推出他的法式面包时法国人都很不屑。
09:14
And when Lionel莱昂内尔 started开始 his bakery面包店,
the French法国 pooh-pooh-ed呸-ED it.
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他们不想买这种面包。它看起来不像"法国的面包。"
09:18
They didn't want to buy购买 his bread面包.
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09:19
It didn't look like "French法国 bread面包."
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这不是法国人想象中的面包。
09:21
It wasn't what they expected预期.
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09:22
It was neat整齐; it was remarkable卓越;
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但正是因为这种面包的巧妙和与众不同,慢慢地它被人口相传
09:25
and slowly慢慢地, it spread传播
from one person to another另一个 person
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直到最后,它变成了巴黎三星级酒店的官方面包。
09:29
until直到 finally最后, it became成为 the official官方
bread面包 of three-star三星级 restaurants餐馆 in Paris巴黎.
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09:33
Now he's in London伦敦, and he ships船舶
by FedEx联邦快递 all around the world世界.
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现在莱昂内尔生活在伦敦,而他的面包正被联邦快递运至世界各地。
09:36
What marketers营销 used to do is make
average平均 products制品 for average平均 people.
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过去我们的商家常常生产普通的商品给我们普通人。
这就是大众营销。
09:42
That's what mass marketing营销 is.
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09:43
Smooth光滑 out the edges边缘; go for the center中央;
that's the big market市场.
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不管极端消费者,只管主流消费群
那确实是一个很大的市场。
但他们对极客,
09:48
They would ignore忽视 the geeks怪才,
and God forbid禁止, the laggards落伍者.
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对有特殊爱好的人,对落伍者均视而不见。
09:52
It was all about going for the center中央.
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所有产品均向着中间这部分的人而去。
09:54
But in a world世界 where
the TV-industrial电视产业 complex复杂 is broken破碎,
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但是一个电视工业中心的世界正在离我们远去,
我认为这不再是一个我们会继续使用的销售策略。
09:58
I don't think that's a strategy战略
we want to use any more.
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10:00
I think the strategy战略 we want to use
is to not market市场 to these people
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我认为不需要把东西卖给那些
10:04
because they're really good
at ignoring无视 you.
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经常对你产品视而不见的人。
10:06
But market市场 to these
people because they care关心.
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应该把东西卖给真正在乎和关心你产品的人。
10:10
These are the people
who are obsessed痴迷 with something.
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那些热衷于某些东西的人。
10:14
And when you talk to them, they'll他们会 listen,
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当你讲话他们就会听
10:16
because they like listening --
it's about them.
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因为他们喜欢听——去和他们交流。
如果你足够幸运,他们会转告自己的朋友
10:19
And if you're lucky幸运, they'll他们会 tell
their friends朋友 on the rest休息 of the curve曲线,
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那些在剩余曲线上的个体,然后它就会传播开来。
10:23
and it'll它会 spread传播.
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最后蔓延至整个曲线。
10:24
It'll它会 spread传播 to the entire整个 curve曲线.
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他们有一些东西我称之为御宅——这是一个伟大的日本单词。
10:26
They have something I call "otaku宅男" --
it's a great Japanese日本 word.
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它是用来描述狂热的人
10:30
It describes介绍 the desire欲望
of someone有人 who's谁是 obsessed痴迷 to say,
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比方说,他们会大老远驾车穿过东京去品尝一款新推出的拉面,
10:33
drive驾驶 across横过 Tokyo东京 to try
a new ramen拉面 noodle面条 place地点,
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10:35
because that's what they do:
they get obsessed痴迷 with it.
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因为那就是他们所做的。他们对此十分着迷。
10:38
To make a product产品, to market市场 an idea理念,
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对于制造一个产品,营销一个想法,
提出任何你想解决问题的办法,
10:41
to come up with any problem问题
you want to solve解决
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任何地方如果没有一群这样的御宅族
10:43
that doesn't have
a constituency选民 with an otaku宅男,
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那几乎是行不通的。
10:46
is almost几乎 impossible不可能.
203
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反之,你不得不找出一群人,
10:48
Instead代替, you have to find
a group that really, desperately拼命 cares管它
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那些真正地,不顾一切地愿意听你说话的人。
10:51
about what it is you have to say.
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和他们交谈然后他们很容易就会把你的想法转告给朋友。
10:53
Talk to them and make it easy简单
for them to tell their friends朋友.
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10:56
There's a hot sauce otaku宅男,
but there's no mustard芥末 otaku宅男.
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这里有一个喜欢辣酱宅男,但是没有喜欢芥末的宅男。
11:00
That's why there's lots and lots
of kinds of hot sauces酱汁,
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这就是为什么会有许多许多许多种类的辣酱,
而没有许多种类的芥末。
11:03
and not so many许多 kinds of mustard芥末.
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不是因为很难去生产有趣的芥末
11:05
Not because it's hard
to make interesting有趣 mustard芥末 --
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——你可以制造出有趣的芥末——
11:07
you could make interesting有趣 mustard芥末 --
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但是没有人会对芥末着迷,
11:09
but people don't,
because no one's那些 obsessed痴迷 with it,
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因此也没有人会把它告诉朋友。
11:12
and thus从而 no one tells告诉 their friends朋友.
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香脆甜甜圈就是一家已经把这些事都给弄明白的公司。
11:13
Krispy的Krispy KremeKreme的 has figured想通
this whole整个 thing out.
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他们有一个策略,他们所做的是,
11:16
It has a strategy战略, and what they do is,
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进入一个城市,和御宅族的人交流
11:18
they enter输入 a city, they talk
to the people, with the otaku宅男,
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就这样在城市蔓延
11:20
and then they spread传播 through通过 the city
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哪怕是正巧在过马路的人。
11:22
to the people who've谁一直 just
crossed越过 the street.
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这个溜溜球卖一百十二美元,但它在这只待了十二分钟。
11:25
This yoyo悠悠球 right here cost成本 112 dollars美元,
but it sleeps睡觉 for 12 minutes分钟.
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不是每个人都会喜欢但是他们不在乎这个。
11:29
Not everybody每个人 wants it
but they don't care关心.
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他们只想告诉喜欢它的人,或许就能传播开来。
11:31
They want to talk to the people
who do, and maybe it'll它会 spread传播.
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这些家伙造出了世界上音量最大的车载音响。
11:35
These guys make the loudest最响亮
car汽车 stereo立体声 in the world世界.
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11:38
(Laughter笑声)
223
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1976
(笑声)
11:40
It's as loud as a 747 jet喷射.
224
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它的声音可以媲美波音747,所以你进不去
11:42
You can't get in,
the car's汽车 got bulletproof防弹 glass玻璃,
225
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这辆车装有防弹玻璃
11:45
because it'll它会 blow打击 out
the windshield挡风玻璃 otherwise除此以外.
226
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不然的话它们可能会把挡风玻璃都给吹掉。
11:47
But the fact事实 remains遗迹
227
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但事实依然告诉我们当有人
11:49
that when someone有人 wants to put
a couple一对 of speakers音箱 in their car汽车,
228
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想把几个喇叭放进自己的汽车里时,
如果他们够宅
11:52
if they've他们已经 got the otaku宅男
or they've他们已经 heard听说 from someone有人 who does,
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或者他们从哪里听说有人喜欢,
那么他们可以继续干下去而有人会为这辆车买单。
11:55
they go ahead and they pick this.
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真的很简单——把东西卖给听你说话的人,
11:57
It's really simple简单 -- you sell
to the people who are listening,
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或许,仅仅是或许,那些人会说给他们的朋友听。
12:00
and just maybe,
those people tell their friends朋友.
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所以当史蒂夫-乔布斯在他的演讲上和五万人谈天说地的时候,没错,
12:02
So when Steve史蒂夫 Jobs工作 talks会谈
to 50,000 people at his keynote基调,
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12:05
who are all tuned调整 in from 130 countries国家
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那些来自一百三十个国家的人同时锁定同一个频道
一起观看他两个小时的商业演讲——
12:08
watching观看 his two-hour两小时 commercial广告 --
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12:10
that's the only thing keeping保持
his company公司 in business商业 --
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这就是唯一能使他的公司正常运作的关键——
有五万多个观众不顾一切地
12:13
it's that those 50,000 people
care关心 desperately拼命 enough足够
237
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12:15
to watch a two-hour两小时 commercial广告,
and then tell their friends朋友.
238
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看了他两小时的演讲,然后告诉他们的朋友。
珍珠酱乐队,最近的两年里发行了九十六张专辑。
12:18
Pearl珍珠 Jam果酱, 96 albums专辑 released发布
in the last two years年份.
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并且每张专辑都赚到了钱。怎么会的?
12:21
Every一切 one made制作 a profit利润. How?
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12:23
They only sell them on their website网站.
241
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他们只在自己的网站上卖这些专辑
12:25
Those people who buy购买 them have the otaku宅男,
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那些在网上购买专辑的人都是御宅族
12:27
and then they tell their friends朋友,
and it spreads利差 and it spreads利差.
243
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然后宅男会告诉他们的朋友,就这样一直传播下去。
12:30
This hospital醫院 crib婴儿床 cost成本 10,000 dollars美元,
10 times the standard标准.
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这辆医院专用的婴儿床卖一万美元,比普通的婴儿床贵十倍。
但比起其他婴儿床医院却以更快的速度买下它们。
12:35
But hospitals医院 are buying购买 it
faster更快 than any other model模型.
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12:37
Hard Candy糖果 nail polish抛光,
doesn't appeal上诉 to everybody每个人,
246
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这是硬糖公司生产的指甲油,当然不会吸引到每一个人,
12:40
but to the people who love it,
they talk about it like crazy.
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但只要碰上喜欢它的人,她们就会疯狂地谈论它。
眼前的涂料拯救了荷兰男孩涂料公司,
12:44
This paint涂料 can right here saved保存
the Dutch荷兰人 Boy男孩 paint涂料 company公司,
248
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最后变成他们的财富。它比一般涂料要贵百分之三十五
12:49
making制造 them a fortune幸运.
249
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12:50
It costs成本 35 percent百分 more
than regular定期 paint涂料
250
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因为它们造出了一个人人都在谈论它的外壳,因为它与众不同。
12:53
because Dutch荷兰人 Boy男孩 made制作 a can that people
talk about, because it's remarkable卓越.
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不仅仅是他们在产品上扔出一个新的广告这么简单,
12:57
They didn't just slap拍击
a new ad广告 on the product产品;
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而是他们颠覆了传统意义上的油漆桶子。
12:59
they changed what it meant意味着
to build建立 a paint涂料 product产品.
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13:01
AmIhotornotAmIhotornot.comCOM -- everyday每天
250,000 people go to this site现场,
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“我红不红”网站——每天都有二十五万的人光临,
13:06
run by two volunteers志愿者, and I can
tell you they are hard graders平地机 --
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网站由两个志愿者管理,我能告诉你他们是相当苛刻,可是
13:10
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
他们没有绞尽脑汁在上面放更多的广告
13:14
They didn't get this way
by advertising广告 a lot.
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而是想办法使它变得不同寻常,
13:17
They got this way by being存在 remarkable卓越,
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有些时候太过不同寻常了
13:20
sometimes有时 a little too remarkable卓越.
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13:21
And this picture图片 frame
has a cord going out the back,
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这是一个带有电线的电子相框,
13:26
and you plug插头 it into the wall.
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你可以把它插在墙上。
13:27
My father父亲 has this on his desk,
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我父亲就有一个这样的东西在他的写字台上,
13:29
and he sees看到 his grandchildren孙子
everyday每天, changing改变 constantly经常.
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784852
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老人家每天看着自己不断长大的孙子。
而且每个来他办公室的人
13:34
And every一切 single person
who walks散步 into his office办公室
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13:36
hears就听 the whole整个 story故事
of how this thing ended结束 up on his desk.
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都想知道到关于这个相框是怎样来到他桌上的故事。
13:39
And one person at a time,
the idea理念 spreads利差.
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每次只要有一个这样的人,想法就会得到传播。
13:42
These are not diamonds钻石, not really.
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这不是钻石,不是真正的钻石。
13:45
They're made制作 from "cremains骨灰."
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它们由人的骨灰制成。
13:47
After you're cremated火化 you can
have yourself你自己 made制作 into a gem宝石.
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在你被火化以后你也可以把自己的骨灰变成宝石。
13:50
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
13:51
Oh, you like my ring? It's my grandmother祖母.
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哦,你喜欢戒指吗?它可是我的祖母。
(笑声)
13:54
(Laughter笑声)
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13:59
Fastest-growing增长最快 business商业
in the whole整个 mortuary停尸间 industry行业.
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于是墓葬行业变得十分火爆。
不过你不需要变成奥齐-奥斯本——
14:03
But you don't have to be Ozzie奥兹 Osborne奥斯本 --
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你不必非得变得像他一样超级无耻来做这件事。
14:05
you don't have to be
super-outrageous超离谱 to do this.
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14:07
What you have to do
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你所要做的是弄清楚人们想要什么然后给他们。
14:08
is figure数字 out what people
really want and give it to them.
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这样的规则能快速总结出两三条。
14:11
A couple一对 of quick rules规则 to wrap up.
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第一条是:当你达到一定规模使时设计就是免费的。
14:13
The first one is: Design设计
is free自由 when you get to scale规模.
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那些发明不同寻常的东西的人
14:17
The people who come up
with stuff东东 that's remarkable卓越
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往往是那些懂得利用好的设计的人
14:19
more often经常 than not figure数字 out
how to put design设计 to work for them.
281
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14:22
Number two: The riskiest最危险 thing
you can do now is be safe安全.
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第二:墨守成规才是最有风险的事
14:27
Proctor普罗克特 and Gamble knows知道 this, right?
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1904
宝洁公司很清楚,不是吗?
14:29
The whole整个 model模型 of being存在
Proctor普罗克特 and Gamble
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作为典范整个宝洁公司
14:31
is always about average平均 products制品
for average平均 people.
285
846572
2431
总是提供普通的产品给大家。
那才是冒险的。而处在边缘的想法才是安全的,
14:34
That's risky有风险.
286
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1166
14:35
The safe安全 thing to do now
is to be at the fringes条纹,
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与众不同的。
14:38
be remarkable卓越.
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感觉很棒可能是你所做的最糟糕的一件事之一。
14:40
And being存在 very good is one
of the worst最差 things you can possibly或者 do.
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很棒太无趣了。很棒太普通了。
14:44
Very good is boring无聊. Very good is average平均.
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2802
不管你是否正在录制一张专辑,
14:47
It doesn't matter whether是否
you're making制造 a record记录 album专辑,
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862007
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或者你是一个建筑师,还是你在社会学上有所建树。
14:49
or you're an architect建筑师,
or you have a tract管道 on sociology社会学.
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如果一件事很棒,它就不会产生效应,因为没有人会去留意它。
14:52
If it's very good, it's not going to work,
because no one's那些 going to notice注意 it.
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3868
因此我有三个故事。
14:56
So my three stories故事.
294
871223
1376
14:57
Silk put a product产品 that does not need
to be in the refrigerated冷藏 section部分
295
872623
4492
首先是丝绸公司。他们将自己公司生产的不需要冷藏的产品
紧挨着牛奶冷藏区域放置。
15:02
next下一个 to the milk牛奶
in the refrigerated冷藏 section部分.
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877139
2317
销售额就这样翻了三倍。为什么?
15:04
Sales销售 tripled三倍. Why?
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牛奶,牛奶,牛奶,牛奶,牛奶——不是牛奶。
15:06
Milk牛奶, milk牛奶, milk牛奶, milk牛奶, milk牛奶 -- not milk牛奶.
298
881290
2539
15:09
For the people who were there
and looking at that section部分,
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对于那些看着冷藏区域里的产品的人来说,
15:12
it was remarkable卓越.
300
887754
1206
这样的陈设就立刻变得与众不同了。
15:13
They didn't triple三倍 their sales销售
with advertising广告;
301
888984
2239
三倍的销售额他们没有做任何广告,
他们只是把产品挪了一下位置变得更惹眼而已。
15:16
they tripled三倍 it by doing
something remarkable卓越.
302
891247
2182
这是一件与众不同的艺术品。你用不着去喜欢它,
15:18
That is a remarkable卓越 piece of art艺术.
303
893453
1760
15:20
You don't have to like it,
304
895237
1270
15:21
but a 40-foot-脚丫子 tall dog made制作 out of bushes灌木丛
in the middle中间 of New York纽约 City
305
896531
4564
但一个四十英尺高的用灌木做成的狗
竖立在纽约市中心确实很与众不同。
15:26
is remarkable卓越.
306
901119
1151
15:27
(Laughter笑声)
307
902294
1071
弗兰克-盖里不仅仅改变了一个博物馆,
15:28
Frank坦率 Gehry盖瑞 didn't just change更改 a museum博物馆;
308
903389
1918
他改变了整个城市的经济
15:30
he changed an entire整个 city's城市的 economy经济
309
905331
2886
用他造的那个全世界人民都想去瞧一瞧的建筑。
15:33
by designing设计 one building建造 that people
from all over the world世界 went to see.
310
908241
4558
15:37
Now, at countless无数 meetings会议 at, you know,
311
912823
1905
如今,大会小会多得数不清,你知道,
15:39
the Portland波特兰 City Council评议会,
or who knows知道 where,
312
914752
2724
波特兰市的办公大楼,有谁知道它在哪,
15:42
they said, we need an architect建筑师 --
can we get Frank坦率 Gehry盖瑞?
313
917500
3261
大家都说,我们需要一个建筑师——弗兰克-盖里能来吗?
15:45
Because he did something
that was at the fringes条纹.
314
920785
2691
因为他做了一些稀奇古怪的事。
15:48
And my big failure失败?
I came来了 out with an entire整个 --
315
923500
2243
是我犯的错吗?我拿出一整套
15:50
(Music音乐)
316
925767
2709
(音乐声)
15:53
A record记录 album专辑 and hopefully希望
a whole整个 bunch of record记录 albums专辑
317
928500
2767
专辑,但愿他们全部是
SACD格式——这是一种全新的储存格式——
15:56
in SACDSACD, this remarkable卓越 new format格式 --
318
931291
2645
15:58
and I marketed销售 it straight直行 to people
with 20,000-dollar-美元 stereos音响.
319
933960
3301
然后我把它卖给一个家里放着两万美元立体声音响的人。
可他不喜欢这种新的音乐。
16:02
People with 20,000-dollar-美元 stereos音响
don't like new music音乐.
320
937285
5096
16:07
(Laughter笑声)
321
942405
4459
(笑声)
16:11
So what you need to do
is figure数字 out who does care关心.
322
946888
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所以你得搞清楚谁是真正关心你产品的人。
有哪些人会举起他们的手然后对你说,
16:17
Who is going to raise提高 their hand and say,
323
952137
1991
“我想知道接下来你准备干什么,”
16:19
"I want to hear what you're doing next下一个,"
324
954152
1929
把东西卖给他们。
16:21
and sell something to them.
325
956105
1427
16:22
The last example I want to give you.
326
957965
1715
这是最后一个我想给你们举的例子。
这是一副肥皂湖的地图,在华盛顿。
16:24
This is a map地图 of Soap肥皂 Lake, Washington华盛顿.
327
959704
2205
16:26
As you can see, if that's nowhere无处,
it's in the middle中间 of it.
328
961933
3543
正如你所见,它是在一个寸草不生鸟不拉屎的地方
16:30
(Laughter笑声)
329
965500
5519
(笑声)
但是他们确实是有这么一个湖
16:36
But they do have a lake.
330
971043
2385
16:38
And people used to come from miles英里
around to swim游泳 in the lake.
331
973452
2906
过去大家都会从几英里外赶来,为的就是能在里面游泳。
可是现在不行了。所以我们的创办人说,“我们有钱。
16:41
They don't anymore.
332
976382
1165
16:42
So the founding创建 fathers父亲 said,
"We've我们已经 got some money to spend.
333
977571
2883
但是我们造什么呢?”像大多数委员那样,
16:45
What can we build建立 here?"
334
980478
1451
16:46
And like most committees委员会,
335
981953
1494
他们可能会造一些既好看又安全的东西。
16:48
they were going to build建立
something pretty漂亮 safe安全.
336
983471
2192
之后去了一个艺术家——这才是一个真正艺术家的作品——
16:50
And then an artist艺术家 came来了 to them --
this is a true真正 artist's艺术家 rendering翻译 --
337
985687
3334
他想造一个五十五英尺高的熔岩灯放在市中心。
16:54
he wants to build建立 a 55-foot-脚丫子 tall
lava岩浆 lamp in the center中央 of town.
338
989045
5577
16:59
That's a purple紫色 cow;
that's something worth价值 noticing注意到.
339
994646
3278
这是一头紫色的母牛,它们全部是一些值得留意的东西。
17:02
I don't know about you,
340
997948
1159
我不知道你们但是如果它造好了,这就是我会去的地方。
17:04
but if they build建立 it,
that's where I'm going to go.
341
999131
2381
17:06
Thank you very much for your attention注意.
342
1001536
2000
谢谢所有在座的。
Translated by Aprces Chen
Reviewed by Zachary Lin Zhao

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Seth Godin - Marketer and author
Seth Godin is an entrepreneur and blogger who thinks about the marketing of ideas in the digital age. His newest interest: the tribes we lead.

Why you should listen

"Seth Godin may be the ultimate entrepreneur for the Information Age," Mary Kuntz wrote in Business Week nearly a decade ago. "Instead of widgets or car parts, he specializes in ideas -- usually, but not always, his own." In fact, he's as focused on spreading ideas as he is on the ideas themselves.

After working as a software brand manager in the mid-1980s, Godin started Yoyodyne, one of the first Internet-based direct-marketing firms, with the notion that companies needed to rethink how they reached customers. His efforts caught the attention of Yahoo!, which bought the company in 1998 and kept Godin on as a vice president of permission marketing. Godin has produced several critically acclaimed and attention-grabbing books, including Permission MarketingAll Marketers Are Liars, and Purple Cow (which was distributed in a milk carton). In 2005, Godin founded Squidoo.com, a Web site where users can share links and information about an idea or topic important to them.

More profile about the speaker
Seth Godin | Speaker | TED.com