Katie Hinde: What we don't know about mother's milk
凱蒂·亨德: 我們對母乳的未知
Katie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
about how breastfeeding is free?
women's time and energy.
女人付出的時間和精力,
how much time and energy it takes
這有多耗時間和精力。
little cannibal.
比較哺乳學實驗室裡,
to support mothers and babies.
who loves mothers and babies:
所有愛母親和嬰兒的人。
the grandparents, the aunties,
祖父母們、阿姨們、
that make our human social networks.
社會中的人倫網絡成員。
simple solutions and simple slogans,
into that nuance very early,
with a journalist
breastfeed her baby?"
餵養她的寶寶多久呢?」
that brought me up short,
讓我思考了很久,
what she should do with her body.
她「應該」用她的身體做什麼。
is food, medicine and signal.
食物、藥物和信號。
blocks for their bodies,
the infant's intestinal tract.
that help fight pathogens
打擊病原體的免疫因數,
that signal to the infant's body.
發出信號的激素。
something in plain sight.
homogenized, pasteurized,
均質處理、殺菌過、
flavored and formulated.
加添風味、和科學配方的。
and biomedical research.
寶貴資料收藏地。
to search that database,
來搜索該資料庫,
articles about pregnancy,
關於懷孕的文章,
breast milk and lactation.
just investigating breast milk,
關於母乳的專題文章數量時,
about coffee, wine and tomatoes.
咖啡、葡萄酒和番茄。
about erectile dysfunction.
更是兩倍之多。
know about those things --
知道這些事情──
我想我們應該知道一切事物的。
we should know about everything.
我們懂得也太少了。
is adapted to consume --
第一口喝到的流體食物──
have at least one child in her lifetime.
她一生中至少生一個孩子。
babies are born each year.
deserve our best science.
值得我們最好的科學協助。
that milk doesn't just grow the body,
奶類不僅使身體發育長大,
and shapes neurodevelopment.
更領導著神經發展的方向。
and baby saliva --
that produces hydrogen peroxide
that the biological recipe of milk
奶類在成分對於生物的重要性。
for sons or daughters.
會因嬰兒的性別而改變。
in the neonatal intensive care unit,
拿取捐贈者奶時,
and daughters may grow at different rates,
會以不同的速度成長,
intend to breastfeed,
也決定用母乳撫育嬰兒,
their breastfeeding goals.
她們的哺乳目標。
like obesity, endocrine disorders,
像肥胖、內分泌失調、
biology of lactation.
knowledgeable clinical support.
有經驗人員的臨床支持。
and UNICEF established criteria
considered baby friendly --
of support for mother-infant bonding
幫助母親和嬰兒建立關係,
in the United States
with many problems
and weeks of lactation.
with establishing latch,
不能順利含乳的問題,
knowledgeable clinical staff
且經驗豐富的臨床人員之協助。
grappling with these struggles,
這些母親會打電話給我,
to naturally be able to do.
is evolutionarily ancient
or that we're instantly good at it.
is evolutionarily ancient?
是上古以來就有的嗎?
to start out being good at it.
從一開始就很擅長的。
quality equitable care
lactation and breastfeeding.
和母乳餵養。
that continuing education,
to cutting-edge research
and the social sciences,
a new mother and her clinician.
和她們的臨床醫生之間。
is not intersectional,
不能彼此產生互動的話,
do not provide paid parental leave,
是不提供帶薪育嬰假的,
as just a few days after giving birth.
mother and infant health
about breast milk to moms
母乳好處的訊息給媽媽,
the institutional support
that mother-infant bonding
和你們的選民呼籲,
and collective bargaining units,
in the public health of our community,
負有成敗的責任,
to play in achieving it.
來促使它成功。
of improving human health.
當嬰兒早產或生病受傷時,
early or sick or injured,
can be critically important.
是至關重要的。
high risk of infectious disease,
like storms and earthquakes,
fed and hydrated.
from the biggest global challenges.
還擁有一線生機。
is not just about messaging to mothers
母親或決策者訊息而已。
what is important in breast milk
breastfeed for whatever reason.
of moms raising their babies
社會和經濟平等奮鬥時,
social and economic equality,
core aspect of womanhood,
of what makes women awesome.
一個潛在原因。
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Katie Hinde - Lactation researcherKatie Hinde is studying breast milk’s status as the first superfood, providing babies with invaluable microbes custom-tailored to their individual needs, via an incredible and unlikely dialogue between the mother’s enzymes and the baby’s saliva.
Why you should listen
Did you know mother's milk is older than dinosaurs? Or that the "biological recipe" of milk differs for sons and daughters? Or that milk doesn't just build babies but fuels them too? Mother's milk is the food, medicine and message that organize a baby's brain, body and behavior. What we take for granted in the grocery store dairy aisle has been shaped by hundreds of millions of years of natural selection. As scientists decode the mysteries of milk, we gain essential new tools for human health and well-being.
Scientist, writer and advocate, Katie Hinde, PhD, explores the dynamic interactions between mothers, milk, and infants. Author of dozens of essays and academic articles, Hinde situates her work at the intersection of the life sciences and social sciences to inform parents, clinicians and policy-makers about institutional and inter-personal support of mothers and babies. Hinde co-authored the book Building Babies and founded the science outreach blog, "Mammals Suck…Milk!"
Hinde earned a PhD in Anthropology at UCLA, completed post-doctoral training in neuroscience at the California National Primate Research Center, and then launched her faculty career in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. Now an Associate Professor, Hinde is the Director of the Comparative Lactation Lab in the Center for Evolution and Medicine and the School of Human Evolution and Social Change at Arizona State University.
Described as "The Milk Maven" in the inaugural Grist 50 list of "innovators, organizers and visionaries who will lead us toward a more sustainable future," Hinde's work was highlighted for tackling social justice in health and research. From considering how milk feeds microbes to researching how milk shapes infant behavior , her research has been featured in the New York Times, National Geographic, La Presse, Wall Street Journal, Quartz and more. Hinde has been recognized with Early Career Awards from the International Society for Research in Human Milk and Lactation and the American Society of Primatologists for making outstanding, original contributions to these fields as a young investigator.
Importantly, Hinde is dedicated to science outreach and building enthusiasm for animals, ecology and behavior. In 2013, Hinde created the annual March Mammal Madness, a month-long science outreach extravaganza that is used in hundreds of classrooms described by Deadspin Deputy Editor Barry Petchesky as "the only bracket you need."
Understanding milk can directly translate to more personalized clinical recommendations and health optimization for mothers and their infants as well as substantiate the importance of infrastructure and institutional support for breastfeeding. Further, identifying the composition and function of milk informs the formulation of more representative artificial breast milk for those mothers facing obstacles or contraindications to breastfeeding. Lastly, decoding mother's milk will allow for enhanced precision medicine for the most fragile infants and children in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Such integrative approaches to mother's milk take discoveries at the bench to applications at the bedside.
Katie Hinde | Speaker | TED.com