Steven Johnson: The playful wonderland behind great inventions
استیون جانسون: بازی چگونه به اختراعات بزرگ میانجامد
Steven Berlin Johnson examines the intersection of science, technology and personal experience. Full bio
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died in the rolling hills
میان تپههای شمال غربیِ
of modern day Slovenia.
a mammoth died in southern Germany.
در جنوب آلمان مرد.
a griffon vulture also died
یک لاشخور گریفون نیز
about how these animals met their deaths,
مرگ اینها نمیدانیم،
dispersed across both time and space
زمان و مکانی دور از هم
a bone from each of their skeletons
یک استخوان از اسکلتهایشان
40,000 years ago.
در ۴۰/۰۰۰ سال قبل.
garments from animal skins
حیوانات لباس درآورید
that you would invent the flute,
بخواهید فلوت را اختراع کنید،
useless vibrations in air molecules.
بیهوده مرتعش میکند.
what our ancestors did.
to be surprisingly common
به صورت مشترک
or feed their children
یا بچههایشان را سیر کنند
but seemingly frivolous inventions
ولی در ظاهر احمقانه
momentous transformations
important invention of modern times:
descend from military technology,
رایانهها به فناوری نظامی بازمیگردد،
were designed specifically
مخصوص این طراحی شده بودند
or calculate rocket trajectories.
یا مسیر حرکت موشکها را حساب کنند
of the modern computer
to make a sound,
به منظور ایجاد صدا،
to create the first organ
of triggering sounds
از تولید صدا رسید
from organs to clavichords to harpsichords
و بعد به هارپسیکورد
finally hit on the idea
بالاخره این فکر افتادند که
to trigger not sounds but letters.
برای تولید حروف استفاده شود.
"the writing harpsichord."
نامیده میشد.
to even more powerful breakthroughs.
بیشتری هم انجامید.
designed a device
وسیلهای طراحی کردند
that plays itself."
was basically a giant music box.
موسیقی بزرگ بود.
various songs by using instructions
گوناگون را با دستورالعملهایی بنوازد
on a rotating cylinder.
یک استوانهی دوار حک شده بود.
to play a different song,
موسیقی متفاوتی بنوازد،
with a different code on it.
که کد متفاوتی داشت.
this was a massive leap forward.
این یک گام بزرگ رو به جلو بود.
with this invention.
اختراع قابل بررسی شد.
of war or of conquest,
of watching a machine play music.
تماشای یک ماشین نوازنده بود.
for about 700 years.
به وسیلهی موسیقی زنده ماند.
of the Parisian elite.
of what were called automata,
چیزی به نام آتوماتا استفاده کرد
an automated flute player
was designing his robot musician,
نوازندهی خودش را طراحی میکرد،
to make pleasing sounds,
که صداهای زیبا تولید کند
delightful patterns of color out of cloth?
با الگوهای رنگی چشمنواز ببافد؟
to represent musical notes,
برای بازخوانی نوتهای آهنگین
threads with different colors.
رنگهای مختلف را بخوانند
for your fabric,
and time-consuming to make,
و ساختنشان وقتگیر بود،
of using paper-punched cards
کارتهای پانچ شده رسید
much cheaper and more flexible
Victorian inventor Charles Babbage
چارلز ببیج مخترع دوره ویکتوریا شد
by computer programmers
the modern computer possible?
رایانههای امروزی را ممکن کرد؟
is an important part of the story,
also required other building blocks:
مصالح دیگری هم نیاز داشت:
ideas and technologies
دنیاساز هست
the mother of invention.
is fundamentally exploratory,
اساساً اکتشافگر است،
in the world around us.
در دنیای پیرامونمان است.
is why so many experiences
چرایی خیلی از تجربههاییست
delight and amusement
to profound breakthroughs.
پیشرفتهای عمیقی رساندهاند.
for how we teach kids in school
که چگونه بچهها را در مدرسه آموزش دهیم
in our workspaces,
فضای کاریمان حمایت کنیم،
and delight this way
مقصد بعدی را شناسایی کنیم.
sitting there in 1750
the big changes coming to society
بزرگی بعدی در جامعهی
as anything else at the time.
سرنخ محکمی بود.
the beginning of a tech revolution
از یک انقلاب فناوری
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Steven Johnson - WriterSteven Berlin Johnson examines the intersection of science, technology and personal experience.
Why you should listen
Steven Johnson is a leading light of today's interdisciplinary and collaborative approach to innovation. His writings have influenced everything from cutting-edge ideas in urban planning to the battle against 21st-century terrorism. Johnson was chosen by Prospect magazine as one of the top ten brains of the digital future, and The Wall Street Journal calls him "one of the most persuasive advocates for the role of collaboration in innovation."
Johnson's work on the history of innovation inspired the Emmy-nominated six-part series on PBS, "How We Got To Now with Steven Johnson," which aired in the fall of 2014. The book version of How We Got To Now was a finalist for the PEN/E.O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award. His new book, Wonderland: How Play Made the Modern World, revolves around the creative power of play and delight: ideas and innovations that set into motion many momentous changes in science, technology, politics and society.
Johnson is also the author of the bestselling Where Good Ideas Come From: The Natural History of Innovation, one of his many books celebrating progress and innovation. Others include The Invention of Air and The Ghost Map. Everything Bad Is Good For You, one of the most discussed books of 2005, argued that the increasing complexity of modern media is training us to think in more complex ways. Emergence and Future Perfect explore the power of bottom-up intelligence in both nature and contemporary society.
An innovator himself, Johnson has co-created three influential sites: the pioneering online magazine FEED, the Webby-Award-winning community site, Plastic.com, and the hyperlocal media site outside.in, which was acquired by AOL in 2011.
Johnson is a regular contributor to WIRED magazine, as well as the New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and many other periodicals. He has appeared on many high-profile television programs, including "The Charlie Rose Show," "The Daily Show with Jon Stewart" and "The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer."
Steven Johnson | Speaker | TED.com