Steven Johnson: The playful wonderland behind great inventions
Стивен Джонсон: Как забавы ведут к великим изобретениям
Steven Berlin Johnson examines the intersection of science, technology and personal experience. Full bio
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died in the rolling hills
погиб в холмистой местности
of modern day Slovenia.
территории современной Словении.
a mammoth died in southern Germany.
на юге Германии скончался мамонт.
a griffon vulture also died
белоголовый сип ушёл из жизни
about how these animals met their deaths,
что предшествовало их гибели,
dispersed across both time and space
разнесённых во времени и пространстве,
a bone from each of their skeletons
кость из скелета каждого животного
40,000 years ago.
живущим 40 000 лет назад.
garments from animal skins
одежду из шкур животных,
that you would invent the flute,
что это будет флейта —
useless vibrations in air molecules.
бесполезные вибрации молекул воздуха.
what our ancestors did.
to be surprisingly common
распространено
or feed their children
или прокормить своих детей,
but seemingly frivolous inventions
на первый взгляд легкомысленных затей
momentous transformations
переломным событиям
important invention of modern times:
изобретений современного мира:
descend from military technology,
связывают с военными технологиями,
were designed specifically
создавались специально
or calculate rocket trajectories.
или расчёта ракетных траекторий.
of the modern computer
современных компьютеров
to make a sound,
дающее звук, —
to create the first organ
и появился первый оргáн
of triggering sounds
вызывать звуки,
клавиатура.
from organs to clavichords to harpsichords
от органа к клавикорду и клавесину,
finally hit on the idea
наконец не пришла к идее
to trigger not sounds but letters.
для получения букв, а не звуков.
"the writing harpsichord."
to even more powerful breakthroughs.
к ещё более мощным прорывам.
designed a device
создали инструмент,
that plays itself."
который играет сам по себе».
was basically a giant music box.
гигантскую музыкальную шкатулку.
various songs by using instructions
разные песни, используя инструкции,
on a rotating cylinder.
на вращающемся барабане.
to play a different song,
проиграла другую песню,
with a different code on it.
с другим кодом на нём.
this was a massive leap forward.
это был гигантский скачок вперёд.
и программного обеспечения
with this invention.
благодаря этому изобретению.
of war or of conquest,
войн или завоеваний
of watching a machine play music.
вызванного механизмом, играющим музыку.
for about 700 years.
на протяжении 700 лет.
механические музыкальные инструменты
of the Parisian elite.
парижского высшего света.
те же кодированные барабаны
of what were called automata,
так называемых автоматонов —
an automated flute player
автоматическим флейтистом.
was designing his robot musician,
создавал своего робота-музыканта,
to make pleasing sounds,
на создание чудесных звуков,
delightful patterns of color out of cloth?
ткать красивые узоры на одежде?
to represent musical notes,
threads with different colors.
означать нити разного цвета.
for your fabric,
ткацкий станок.
and time-consuming to make,
и медленны в производстве,
по имени Жаккар
of using paper-punched cards
использовать перфорированные карточки
much cheaper and more flexible
была гораздо более дешевой и гибкой
для программирования.
Victorian inventor Charles Babbage
викторианского изобретателя
создать свой вычислительный аппарат —
by computer programmers
the modern computer possible?
возможным современный компьютер?
is an important part of the story,
важная часть этой истории,
also required other building blocks:
требовало создания других «кирпичиков»:
ideas and technologies
изменивших мир,
the mother of invention.
is fundamentally exploratory,
по сути любознательно,
in the world around us.
в окружающем мире.
is why so many experiences
почему столько затей,
delight and amusement
to profound breakthroughs.
к значимым открытиям.
for how we teach kids in school
как мы учим детей в школах,
in our workspaces,
в рабочей среде,
and delight this way
и удовольствии в этом ключе
sitting there in 1750
в 1750 году,
the big changes coming to society
грядущие в обществе
as anything else at the time.
как и всё остальное в то время.
the beginning of a tech revolution
технологической революции,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Steven Johnson - WriterSteven Berlin Johnson examines the intersection of science, technology and personal experience.
Why you should listen
Steven Johnson is a leading light of today's interdisciplinary and collaborative approach to innovation. His writings have influenced everything from cutting-edge ideas in urban planning to the battle against 21st-century terrorism. Johnson was chosen by Prospect magazine as one of the top ten brains of the digital future, and The Wall Street Journal calls him "one of the most persuasive advocates for the role of collaboration in innovation."
Johnson's work on the history of innovation inspired the Emmy-nominated six-part series on PBS, "How We Got To Now with Steven Johnson," which aired in the fall of 2014. The book version of How We Got To Now was a finalist for the PEN/E.O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award. His new book, Wonderland: How Play Made the Modern World, revolves around the creative power of play and delight: ideas and innovations that set into motion many momentous changes in science, technology, politics and society.
Johnson is also the author of the bestselling Where Good Ideas Come From: The Natural History of Innovation, one of his many books celebrating progress and innovation. Others include The Invention of Air and The Ghost Map. Everything Bad Is Good For You, one of the most discussed books of 2005, argued that the increasing complexity of modern media is training us to think in more complex ways. Emergence and Future Perfect explore the power of bottom-up intelligence in both nature and contemporary society.
An innovator himself, Johnson has co-created three influential sites: the pioneering online magazine FEED, the Webby-Award-winning community site, Plastic.com, and the hyperlocal media site outside.in, which was acquired by AOL in 2011.
Johnson is a regular contributor to WIRED magazine, as well as the New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and many other periodicals. He has appeared on many high-profile television programs, including "The Charlie Rose Show," "The Daily Show with Jon Stewart" and "The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer."
Steven Johnson | Speaker | TED.com