Mathias Basner: Why noise is bad for your health -- and what you can do about it
Mathias Basner: Miért egészségkárosító a zaj, és mit tehetünk ellene?
Mathias Basner researches the effects of noise on sleep, health, neurobehavioral and cognitive functions and more. Full bio
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rare commodity these days,
in terms of our health --
we can do right now,
társadalmi szinten is
of the sounds of silence.
too much noise is bad for your hearing.
hogy a túl sok zaj károsítja a hallásunk.
and you have that ringing in your ears,
vagy egy bárból távozva,
some damage to your hearing,
hogy hallásunk károsodott,
in many different ways beyond hearing.
as the auditory effects.
when we talk about noise?
felesleges hang,
a physical component, the sound,
azok a körülmények,
the sound unwanted.
being exposed to 100 decibels,
100 decibelnek van kitéve,
paid a hundred dollars for the ticket,
száz dollárt is kifizettek a jegyért.
this person doesn't think of it as noise.
nem zajként gondolnak rá.
three blocks away from the concert hall.
három háztömbnyire lakó személy,
because of the music.
are much lower in this situation,
jóval alacsonyabb,
of the music as noise,
in the long run, have health consequences.
amelyek hosszú távon egészségkárosítóak.
in so many ways beyond hearing.
károsítja az egészségünket.
difficult to find quiet spaces
air-conditioning units,
personal music players,
egyéni zenelejátszók,
Organization estimated
2011-ben úgy becsülte,
are lost every year
vész el évente
member states alone.
is that it disturbs communication.
hogy zavarja a kommunikációt.
to be understood.
hogy értsék a beszédünk.
have to pause the conversation.
hogy félbe kell hagynunk a beszélgetést.
in a noisy environment.
zajos környezetben.
why studies have found
amit kutatások is alátámasztanak:
schools in noisy areas
in academic performance.
társaiktól tanulmányaikban.
health effect of noise
egészségügyi hatása,
betegségek kockázata azoknál,
for cardiovascular disease
to relevant noise levels
or no control over it.
like adrenaline and cortisol
mint amilyen az adrenalin és a kortizol,
in the composition of our blood
szerkezetének megváltozásához vezet,
after a single night of noise exposure.
egyetlen zajos éjszaka után kimutatható.
between the noise exposure
összefüggéseket tárnak fel
for high blood pressure,
az agyi érkatasztrófák fokozott kockázata
are relatively small,
viszonylag kicsi,
a major public health problem
közegészségügyi probléma,
to relevant noise levels.
jelentős zajártalomnak.
hogy az amerikai társadalom
takaríthatna meg évente
noise exposure by five decibels,
cardiovascular disease.
kezelésének költségmegtakarításával.
like cancer, diabetes and obesity
cukorbetegség és az elhízás
a zajártalommal,
are caused by the noise.
is sleep disturbance.
következménye az alvászavar.
that recuperates us
amely regenerál bennünket,
of what sleep researchers call
alapvető feltétele annak,
"jó alváshigiéniának" hívnak.
has a watchman function.
our environment for threats,
fenyegetéseket keresve,
in the time it takes us to fall asleep,
később alszunk el,
from going down during the night.
if these noise-induced sleep disturbances
a zaj okozta alvászavarok
valószínűleg fokozódni fog
disease is likely the consequence.
betegségek kockázata.
of these noise-induced sleep disturbances,
a zaj okozta alvászavaroknak,
while we're sleeping.
on the effects of traffic noise on sleep,
hogyan hat a forgalom zaja az alvásra.
wake up in the morning and say,
gyakran mondták:
I fell asleep right away,
to the physiological signals
az éjszaka folyamán rögzített
for the subjects to regain consciousness
hogy tudatossá váljanak,
during the next morning,
have a profound impact
once you start changing your behavior.
hogy megértsenek,
to be understood,
or you're closing your window.
becsukjuk az ablakot.
to the basement of the house,
sound insulation installed.
to less noisy areas,
can afford that.
engedheti meg magának.
to improve our sound environment
hogy a hanghatásokat mérsékeljük,
if something's too loud, speak up.
emeljük fel a szavunkat ellene!
of hearing are still going to the movies.
and nothing happens,
de nem történik semmi,
typically do understand.
az intézményvezetők.
egészségre gyakorolt hatásairól,
about the health effects of noise
will have consequences when they're older.
idősebb korban következményei lesznek.
to the quiet side of the house,
a hálószobánkat,
from road traffic noise.
a külvilág zajától.
or buy a new place,
different times of the day
különböző napszakokban,
when you're traveling
amikor utazunk,
background noise levels.
or when you're on vacation.
in Japan four years ago.
and entered the airport,
és kiszálltam a repülőtéren,
nem vesszük már észre
we don't realize anymore
of noise pollution we're exposed to
állandósult szintjét,
from more quiet spaces.
számunkra a csendesebb helyek.
we all have a noise footprint,
úgy zajlábnyomunk is van,
to make that noise footprint smaller.
sok mindent tehetünk.
at 7am on a Saturday morning.
kora reggel a fűnyírónkat!
lombfúvó helyett!
makes the most sense,
csökkenthetjük leghatékonyabban,
to buy a new car,
blender, you name it,
az alacsony zajszint!
the noise levels their devices generate,
regulation and enforcement are good ideas,
zajszabályzás és bírságolás jó ötlet,
that generate noise
the business that is associated with it.
és az azzal kapcsolatos üzletekre!
at what noise level
milyen zajszinten várhatók
kialakításában.
as relentlessly as cholera and the pest."
könyörtelenül harcol majd a zajjal,
a nice, quiet celebration.
egy szép, csendes ünneplést.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Mathias Basner - Sleep and noise researcherMathias Basner researches the effects of noise on sleep, health, neurobehavioral and cognitive functions and more.
Why you should listen
Mathias Basner, MD, PhD, MSc is an associate professor in the department of psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. His primary research interests concern the effects of sleep loss on neurobehavioral and cognitive functions, population studies on sleep time and waking activities, the effects of traffic noise on sleep and health, and astronaut behavioral health on long-duration space missions. These research areas overlap widely. Basner has published more than 80 journal articles and reviewed articles for more than 80 scientific journals. He is currently on the editorial board of the journals Sleep Health and Frontiers in Physiology.
Between 1999 and 2008, Basner conducted several large-scale laboratory and field studies on the effects of traffic noise on sleep at the German Aerospace Center. For this research, Basner was awarded the German Aerospace Center Research Award in 2007 and the Science Award of the German Academy for Aviation and Travel Medicine in 2010. Basner developed an ECG-based algorithm for the automatic identification of autonomic activations associated with cortical arousal that was used in several field studies to non-invasively assess the effects of aircraft noise on sleep. He is currently funded by the FAA to obtain current exposure-response functions describing the effects of aircraft noise on sleep for the United States. Basner has been an advisor to the World Health Organization (WHO) on the effects of traffic noise on sleep and health on a number of occasions. He performed a systematic evidence review on the effects of noise on sleep for the recently published revision of WHO's Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region.
Basner is currently President of the International Commission of Biological Effects of Noise (ICBEN) and member of the Impacts and Science Group of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP) of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). He also represents the University of Pennsylvania in FAA's Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT).
Mathias Basner | Speaker | TED.com