Hector Garcia: We train soldiers for war. Let's train them to come home, too
ヘクター・ガルシア: 戦争に向かわせる訓練だけなく 故郷に帰す訓練も実施しよう
Hector A. Garcia has spent his career as a frontline psychologist delivering evidence-based psychotherapies to veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Full bio
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and got shot up in every one.
そのたびに銃撃を受けました
shrapnel in his body
数多く残っており
he suffered from nightmares,
彼は悪夢に苦しみました
3度繰り返しました
抱えていたのです
心に傷を負った人々を助けるためで
to help mitigate human suffering,
has been the suffering caused by PTSD,
対象に診療を行っており
退役軍人を診てきました
just wasn't there.
ありませんでした
薬漬けにされたり
and gave generic group therapy,
集団療法を受けた者もいれば
about your experiences."
あの頃のことは忘れなさい」と
wilderness retreats --
大自然での静養も試されています
temporarily relieve stress,
一時的なストレス解消になるでしょうが
PTSD symptoms over the long term.
解消するものではありません
that we can now eliminate PTSD,
完全な治療ができるようになり
has been able to show,
get rid of symptoms and which do not.
明らかになったのです
many of the very same training principles
in preparing its trainees for war.
共通する部分が多いということです
since before we were even fully human.
行われてきました
from using stone and sinew
and devastating weapon systems imaginable.
ありとあらゆる武器が開発されています
to use these weapons,
使いこなせるよう
training methods.
our warriors to fight.
私たちは得意です
of the modern-day combat veteran,
考えてみると
have not been as good
immersed in conflict,
日常的に戦っていましたし
in our evolutionary history,
故郷に帰る方法を学ぶ必要性は
how to come home from war,
ほとんどありませんでした
in far more peaceful societies,
幸せな社会に暮らしており
we, especially in the United States,
アメリカでは特に
our warriors through advanced training,
兵士に高度な訓練を受けさせ
anywhere on the globe
戦地へと送り込み
what this must feel like.
少し想像してみてください
firefight in Afghanistan
悲惨な銃撃戦に遭遇し
目の当たりにしながら
they found themselves
子どものサッカーの試合へ
to their kid's soccer game.
担いでいったそうです
とよく言われます
I've heard to describe that experience.
この言葉がよく使われています
spend countless hours training for war,
訓練に何時間も費やす一方で
on how to return to civilian life.
多くの兵士がいることです
PTSD treatments require repetition.
PTSDに一番効くのも繰り返しの作業です
Mark-19 automatic grenade launchers
こう言う訳にはいきません
here's some ammo and good luck."
あとはよろしく」
and in specific contexts,
様々な状況で訓練を受けます
and engaging their target
without even thinking,
conditions you can imagine.
for training base treatments.
同じやり方が使えるのです
is cognitive therapy,
認知療法ですが
of mental recalibration.
修正するようなものです
the world is calibrated
more dangerous environment.
onto a peacetime environment,
平和な環境に適合しようとすると
about dangers that aren't present.
気にするようになるのです
dangers in civilian life; there are.
という訳ではありません
of encountering them
to turn off caution completely.
全く警戒心を持つなとは言いません
to adjust caution
場所に応じた警戒ができるようにと
in a bad neighborhood,
the actual statistical probability
爆弾テロに遭遇するような
here in peacetime America.
きちんと判断できるようにします
those recalibrations stick.
そういった心の修正は身につきます
is exposure therapy,
疑似体験療法ですが
effective treatments out there.
一番即効性があります
by giving him exercises,
going to a restaurant,
行ったとき
座る訓練だったのです
非常に不安げでした
where he could scan the room,
避難路を考えられる場所や
on a makeshift weapon.
逃げませんでした
in the Marine Corps,
his anxiety ratcheted down a little bit,
不安も少しずつ消えていきました
and then a little bit more,
不安は消えていきました
how to sit in a public space
単純に楽しむ方法を
of his combat experiences,
自身の戦闘体験の記録にも
no longer generated any anxiety.
何度も耳を傾けたのです
to return to those experiences
a year after treatment had finished,
1年ぶりに話した際
この43年間で
than erasing a memory.
記憶を消すのとは違います
their traumatic experiences,
忘れることはありませんが
or as painful as they once were.
苦しい気持ちを抱かなくなります
like they just happened yesterday,
昨日のことのように動揺しなくなるような
better place to be.
it may not work for everybody.
誰にでも効果があるとは限りませんし
how can you help me?"
治してくれるんですか?」と
to civilian life,
somebody who's been there.
for operations on the battlefield;
必要なのではありません
必要なのです
that you can imagine,
where I have just felt my heart break
treatments work so well,
非常に効果的で
it puts back even more,
それ以上に元気をもらうのです
with his grandchildren,
孫と外出を楽しめるようになりました
with his own children.
出来なかったことでした
is that after 43 years of suffering,
43年にわたる苦しみを経たカルロスが
of intense training to get his life back.
人生を取り戻したことです
こう言われました
わかっていますが
that I have left on this Earth,
自分に残された時間がどれだけでも
younger veterans don't wait
必要な支援が得られることを願います」
to have survived war
to live your life well.
to get the training you need
human suffering caused by war
最良の方法は
yet as a species.
至っていません
in our sons and in our daughters
若い世代が被る精神的な苦しみは
the energy level, the value
科学や熱量とその重要性は
to come back home to us.
十分配慮しなければなりません
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Hector Garcia - PsychologistHector A. Garcia has spent his career as a frontline psychologist delivering evidence-based psychotherapies to veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Why you should listen
Hector A. Garcia is a psychologist with the Valley Coastal Bend Veterans Health Care System and a clinical assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry at UT Health Science Center at San Antonio.
In his work as a researcher, Garcia examines barriers to PTSD care, masculine identity and its impact on PTSD treatment-seeking, and how occupational burnout impacts PTSD care providers, who daily hear detailed accounts of trauma. As a teacher and scientist, he explores how evolutionary psychology and biology have influenced human tendencies toward violence in religion.
Garcia's groundbreaking book, Alpha God: The Psychology of Religious Violence and Oppression, reveals how human evolutionary history has left us prone to religiously inspired bloodshed. In particular, he explains how men's competition over evolutionary resources -- especially sexual primacy and territorial control -- has too often been projected onto notions of God, resulting in religious warfare, the oppression of women and ecological devastation. His regular blog on Psychology Today examines the evolutionary psychology of violence, politics, religion and our everyday lives.
Hector Garcia | Speaker | TED.com