TED2019
Ivonne Roman: How policewomen make communities safer
Ivonne Roman: Hvordan politikvinner gjør samfunn tryggere
Filmed:
Readability: 6.1
1,621,593 views
Under 13 prosent av politi i USA er kvinner -- til tross for at deres effektivitet i å roe ned voldelige situasjoner og redusere bruk av fysisk tvang er bevist. Med over 20 års erfaring som politikvinne og politimester, deler TED Fellow Ivonne Roman hvordan en enkel endring i politiskolers fysiske tester kan være med å bygge et mer balansert politiyrke som hjelper både samfunn og politiet.
Ivonne Roman - Police captain
Ivonne Roman cofounded the Women's Leadership Academy to increase the retention of women in policing. Full bio
Ivonne Roman cofounded the Women's Leadership Academy to increase the retention of women in policing. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
I've been a police officer
in an urban city
in an urban city
0
1135
3357
Jeg har vært politi i en storby
00:16
for nearly 25 years.
1
4516
1793
i nesten 25 år
00:18
That's crazy, right?
2
6992
1341
Det er sinnsykt, ikke sant?
00:21
And in that time,
I've served in every rank,
I've served in every rank,
3
9540
3062
I den tiden har jeg jobbet i hver rang
00:24
from police officer to police chief.
4
12626
2844
Fra politioffiser til politimester.
00:28
A few years ago,
I noticed something alarming.
I noticed something alarming.
5
16347
3352
For noen år siden oppdaget jeg noe
oppsiktsvekkende. Fra 2014,
00:32
Starting in 2014,
6
20442
1770
00:34
I started monitoring recruits
7
22236
1685
Begynte jeg å observere rekrutter
00:35
as they cycled through police academies
in the state of New Jersey,
in the state of New Jersey,
8
23945
3981
da de gikk på politiskoler i New Jersey
00:39
and I found that women were failing
at rates between 65 and 80 percent,
at rates between 65 and 80 percent,
9
27950
5619
Og jeg fant at kvinner feilet 65 - 80%
00:45
due to varying aspects
of the physical fitness test.
of the physical fitness test.
10
33593
3400
grunnet forskjellige fysiske tester.
00:49
I learned that a change in policy
11
37482
1600
Jeg fant at en endring i systemet
00:51
now required recruits
to pass the fitness exam
to pass the fitness exam
12
39106
3273
krevde at rekrutter besto den fysiske testen
00:54
within 10 short workout sessions.
13
42403
2266
innen 10 korte treninger.
00:57
This had the greatest impact on women.
14
45276
2615
Dette hadde størst innvirkning på kvinner.
01:00
The change meant that recruits
had about three weeks
had about three weeks
15
48447
3047
Endringen gjorde at rekrutter hadde 3 uker
01:03
out of a five-month-long academy
16
51518
1778
av et fem måneder langt skoleløp
01:05
to pass the fitness exam.
17
53320
1667
til å bestå den fysiske testen.
01:07
This just didn't make sense, though.
18
55820
2400
Dette ga bare ikke mening.
01:10
Police agencies and police recruits
19
58617
2555
Politistasjoner og politirekrutter hadde
01:13
had made huge investments
to get those recruits into the academy.
to get those recruits into the academy.
20
61196
3984
investert mye for å få rekruttene inn.
01:17
Police recruits had passed
lengthy background checks,
lengthy background checks,
21
65986
3263
Rekruttene hadde bestått bakgrunnskjekker,
01:21
they had passed medical
and psychological exams,
and psychological exams,
22
69273
3190
medisinske tester og psykiske tester,
01:24
they had quit their jobs.
23
72487
1667
de hadde sagt opp jobbene sine.
01:26
And many had spent more
than 2,000 dollars in fees and equipment
than 2,000 dollars in fees and equipment
24
74495
3939
Og mange hadde brukt over $2000 dollar på utstyr
01:30
just to get kicked out
within the first three weeks?
within the first three weeks?
25
78458
3026
Bare for å bli kastet ut innen tre uker?
01:34
The dire situation in New Jersey
26
82165
1817
Den dårlige situasjonen i New Jersey
01:36
led me to examine the status
of women in policing
of women in policing
27
84006
2582
fikk meg til å se på politikvinner
01:38
across the United States.
28
86612
1748
rundt om i hele USA.
01:40
I found that women make up
less than 13 percent of police officers.
less than 13 percent of police officers.
29
88890
4650
Jeg fant at kvinner utgjør mindre enn 13%
av politistyrken. Det har ikke endret
01:45
A number that hasn't changed much
in the past 20 years.
in the past 20 years.
30
93898
3952
seg på 20 år. De utgjør 3% av politimestre
01:50
And they make up just three percent
of police chiefs as of 2013,
of police chiefs as of 2013,
31
98303
4546
01:54
the last time the data was collected.
32
102873
2466
i følge sist utførte studie - fra 2013.
01:58
We know that we can improve those rates.
33
106230
2666
Vi vet at vi kan forbedre disse tallene.
02:01
Other countries like Canada,
Australia and the UK
Australia and the UK
34
109458
3452
Andre land som Canada, Australia, England
02:04
have nearly twice the amount
of policewomen.
of policewomen.
35
112934
2881
har nesten dobbelt så mange politikvinner
02:07
And New Zealand is steadily marching
towards their goal
towards their goal
36
115839
4389
Og New Zealand er på vei mot målet sitt:
02:12
of recruit gender parity by 2021.
37
120252
2732
kjønnsparitet blandt rekrutter innen 2021.
02:15
Other countries are actively working
38
123942
2095
Andre land jobber aktivt
02:18
to increase the number
of women in policing,
of women in policing,
39
126061
2429
For å øke antall kvinner i politiyrket
02:20
because they know of a vast body
of research evidence,
of research evidence,
40
128514
3214
Fordi de vet om en haug med forskning,
02:23
spanning more than 50 years,
41
131752
1984
som går mer enn 50 år tilbake,
02:25
detailing the advantages
to women in policing.
to women in policing.
42
133760
3133
som beskriver fordelen med politikvinner.
02:29
From that research,
43
137434
1556
Fra denne forskningen,
02:31
we know that policewomen
are less likely to use force
are less likely to use force
44
139014
3444
vet vi at det er mindre sjanse for bruk
02:34
or to be accused of excessive force.
45
142482
2400
av unødvendig vold hos politikvinner.
02:37
We know that policewomen
are less likely to be named in a lawsuit
are less likely to be named in a lawsuit
46
145490
3977
Mindre sjanse for at de blir nevnt i en
02:41
or a citizen complaint.
47
149491
1340
rettsak eller klage.
02:43
We know that the mere presence
of a policewoman
of a policewoman
48
151625
2468
Vi vet at bare tilstedeværelsen av kvinner
02:46
reduces the use of force
among other officers.
among other officers.
49
154117
2686
reduserer bruken av vold hos politimenn.
02:49
And we know that policewomen
are met with the same rates of force
are met with the same rates of force
50
157561
3437
Og vi vet at politikvinner blir møtt med
02:53
as their male counterparts,
and sometimes more,
and sometimes more,
51
161022
3269
samme mengde vold som menn, kanskje mer.
02:56
and yet they're more successful
52
164315
1559
Likevel er de mer suksessfulle,
02:57
in defusing violent
or aggressive behavior overall.
or aggressive behavior overall.
53
165898
3208
i å roe ned voldelig og aggressiv adferd.
03:01
So there are vast advantages
to women in policing,
to women in policing,
54
169458
3048
Så det er store fordeler med politikvinner
03:04
and we're losing them
to arbitrary fitness standards.
to arbitrary fitness standards.
55
172530
3344
og de forsvinner i vilkårlige fysiske krav
03:08
The problem is,
56
176668
1325
Problemet er,
03:10
the United States has nearly
18,000 police agencies --
18,000 police agencies --
57
178017
3547
USA har nesten 18,000 stasjoner
03:13
18,000 agencies with wildly varying
fitness standards.
fitness standards.
58
181889
4601
18,000 med forskjellige fysiske krav.
03:19
We know that a majority of academies
rely on a masculine ideal of policing
rely on a masculine ideal of policing
59
187053
4699
Skolene verdsetter et maskulint ideal
03:23
that works to decrease
the number of women in policing.
the number of women in policing.
60
191776
3096
noe som reduserer antallet kvinner i politiet.
03:27
These types of academies
overemphasize physical strength,
overemphasize physical strength,
61
195363
3341
Disse skolene vektlegger fysisk styrke
03:30
with much less attention spent
to subjects like community policing,
to subjects like community policing,
62
198728
4460
med mindre fokus på fag som samfunn,
03:35
problem-solving
63
203212
1166
problemløsing
03:36
and interpersonal communication skills.
64
204402
2667
og mellommenneskelige kommunikasjonsevner.
03:39
This results in training that does not
mirror the realities of policing.
mirror the realities of policing.
65
207665
4425
Resultat- trening speiler ikke virkelighet
03:44
Physical agility is but a small
component of police work.
component of police work.
66
212729
3031
Fysiske evner er en liten del av arbeidet.
03:48
Much of an officer's day is spent
mediating interpersonal conflicts.
mediating interpersonal conflicts.
67
216340
4163
Mye av politimenns dager går til mekling
03:52
That's the reality of policing.
68
220527
2127
Det er realiteten av politiarbeid.
03:57
These are my babies.
69
225488
1333
Dette er mine barn.
03:59
And we can reduce
the disparity in policing
the disparity in policing
70
227691
3473
Vi kan redusere kjønnsforskjell i politiet
04:03
by changing exams
that produce disparate outcomes.
that produce disparate outcomes.
71
231188
3849
ved å endre tester som ender i ubalansert
04:08
The federal courts have stated
that men and women
that men and women
72
236030
2315
kjønnsfordeling. Nasjonale rettsaler har
04:10
simply are not physiologically the same
73
238369
1875
erklært menn og kvinner forskjellig
04:12
for the purposes
of physical fitness programs.
of physical fitness programs.
74
240268
2554
når det kommer til fysiske egenskaper.
04:15
And that's based on science.
75
243236
1867
Og det er basert på vitenskap.
04:17
Respected institutions
that law enforcement deeply respects,
that law enforcement deeply respects,
76
245965
4206
Institusjoner som politiet respekterer
04:22
like the FBI, the US Marshals Service,
77
250195
2698
slik som FBI og US Marshals Service,
04:24
the DEA and even the US military --
78
252917
3465
DEA og USA's militære --
04:28
they rigorously test fitness programs
to ensure they measure fitness
to ensure they measure fitness
79
256406
4425
tester sine krav til fysisk fostring for å være
04:32
without gender-disparate outcomes.
80
260855
2428
sikker på at de resulterer i kjønnsbalanse
04:35
Why is that?
81
263307
1150
Hvorfor det?
04:37
Because recruiting is expensive.
82
265006
2293
Fordi å rekruttere er dyrt.
04:39
They want to recruit and retain
qualified candidates.
qualified candidates.
83
267323
3600
De vil beholde de kvalifiserte kandidatene
04:43
You know what else the research finds?
84
271791
2358
Vet du hva mer forskning har funnet?
04:46
Well-trained women are as capable
as their male counterparts
as their male counterparts
85
274173
4317
Godt trente kvinner er like gode som menn
04:50
in overall fitness,
86
278514
1420
i helhetlig fitness,
04:51
but more importantly, in how they police.
87
279958
3143
men viktigere - i hvordan de er som politi
04:56
The law-enforcement community
88
284014
1420
Politisamfunnet
04:57
is admittedly experiencing
a recruitment crisis.
a recruitment crisis.
89
285458
3262
opplever en rekrutteringskrise.
05:00
Yet, if they truly want to increase
the number of applicants, they can.
the number of applicants, they can.
90
288744
5861
Likevel, om de vil ha flere søkere, kan de oppnå det.
05:07
We can easily recruit more women
91
295296
3325
De kan enkelt rekruttere flere kvinner
05:10
and reap all those research benefits
92
298645
2810
og få alle de fordelene forskning har vist
05:13
by training well-qualified candidates
to pass validated, work-related,
to pass validated, work-related,
93
301479
4912
ved å trene opp kvalifiserte søkere til å
05:18
physiologically-based fitness exams,
94
306415
3122
bestå jobbrelaterte, fysiologi-baserte
05:21
as required by Title VII
of the Civil Rights Act.
of the Civil Rights Act.
95
309561
3265
fysiske tester som Civil Rights Act krever
05:26
We can increase the number of women,
96
314030
2458
Vi kan øke antall kvinner,
05:28
we can reduce that gender disparity,
97
316512
2605
vi kan redusere kjønnsforskjeller,
05:31
by simply changing exams
that produce disparate outcomes.
that produce disparate outcomes.
98
319141
3846
enkelt ved å endre tester med ubalansert
05:35
We have the tools.
99
323402
1563
resultat. Vi har verktøyene.
05:36
We have the research,
we have the science, we have the law.
we have the science, we have the law.
100
324989
3232
Vi har forskningen, vitenskapen og loven.
05:40
This, my friends,
should be a very easy fix.
should be a very easy fix.
101
328552
3667
Dette, venner, burde være enkelt å løse
05:45
Thank you.
102
333068
1169
Tusen takk.
05:46
(Applause)
103
334261
4334
(Applaus)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ivonne Roman - Police captainIvonne Roman cofounded the Women's Leadership Academy to increase the retention of women in policing.
Why you should listen
Ivonne Roman's work includes highlighting discriminatory fitness standards that screen women out of police academies, identifying factors that contribute to high attrition rates of women and convening a summit on women in policing to identify research gaps on the topic. She's currently working with the National Institute of Justice to spur policy changes that increase the representation of women in policing.
More profile about the speakerIvonne Roman | Speaker | TED.com