Susan Pinker: The secret to living longer may be your social life
סוזן פינקר: הסוד לחיים ארוכים עשוי להיות חיי החברה שלכם
Susan Pinker reveals how in-person social interactions are not only necessary for human happiness but also could be a key to health and longevity. Full bio
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of six to eight years longer than men do.
שש עד שמונה שנים יותר מגברים.
as many centenarians
where men live as long as women.
מאריכים ימים כמו הנשים.
and the habits of the place,
ואת המנהגים של המקום,
25 percent of their longevity.
to live to 100 or beyond?
is an aerial view of Villagrande.
נוף אוירי של וילגרנדה.
of the blue zone
is not its main virtue,
אינו אחד מהמעלות שלו,
constantly intersect.
of pairs of eyes watching me
without its walls, without its cathedral,
ללא הקתדרלה,
defined its design.
אפיינו את המבנה שלה.
towards the industrial revolution
התקדמנו אל עבר המהפכה התעשייתית
became the risk of the day.
is the public health risk of our time.
סכנת בריאות הציבור של זמננו.
now as a contrast
He's 102, a supercentenarian
הוא בן 102, מאריך ימים
of the village of Villagrande.
on the forest floor
who also lived past 100,
in a small, homey kitchen
Angelo and Domenico,
and looking after their father,
very suspicious of me and my daughter
on this research trip,
to live to be 100 or beyond,
כדי לחיות מעל 100 שנה,
to live a long life.
חיים ארוכים.
under hooded eyelids and he growled,
and looked after him
this obvious loss of her freedom,
הברור הזה שלה,
to interview these centenarians,
to bring fresh fruits and vegetables.
פירות טריים וירקות.
by extended family, by friends,
חברים,
the barkeeper, the grocer.
בעל חנות המכולת.
to live solitary lives.
of the developed world,
loving, caring family in another city."
אוהבת ודואגת בעיר אחרת."
אבל פגשתי גם בנשים,
how to make the local specialty,
איך לבשל את המנה המקומית,
with high-fat ricotta and mint
how to make just the right crimp
with her daughters every Sunday
by the dozens to neighbors and friends.
a low-fat, gluten-free diet
ללא גלוטן
to live to 100 in the blue zone.
לגיל 100 באיזור הכחול.
along with the science that underpins them
יחד עם המדע שתומך בהם,
some questions too,
and how can I put that day off?
לדחות את היום הזה?
the answer is not what we expect.
התשובה אינה מה שאנו מצפים.
at Brigham Young University
באוניברסיטת בריגהם יאנג
aspect of their lifestyle:
sat tight and waited for seven years
וחיכו במשך שבע שנים
of dying the most?
predictor to the strongest.
you can stop feeling guilty about this,
אתם יכולים להפסיק להרגיש אשמים,
and you're in rehab and exercising,
ואתם בגמילה ומתאמנים,
protects you more than doing exercise?
יותר מאשר לעשות ספורט?
or if you did, whether you quit,
אם הפסקתם,
that you can call on for a loan
if you're not feeling well
if you're having an existential crisis,
of how long you'll live.
לכמה זמן תחיו.
social integration.
you interact with people
אתם באינטרקציה עם אנשים
your weak and your strong bonds,
you're really close to,
who every day makes you your coffee?
שמכין לכם קפה בכל יום?
by your house every day with her dog?
עם הכלב שלה ליד הבית שלכם כל יום?
have a book club?
יש לכם מועדון קריאה?
are one of the strongest predictors
than on any other activity,
מאשר בכל פעילות אחרת,
between interacting in person
with your kids through text, for example?
באמצעות הודעות טקסט, לדוגמא?
to the question is no,
a whole cascade of neurotransmitters,
סדרה של מעבירים בין-עצביים
they protect you now in the present
הם מגנים עליכם כאן בהווה
eye contact with somebody,
which gives us a little high
מעט תחושה של אופוריה
under our conscious radar,
online activity with the real thing.
בין פעילות מקוונת לבין הדבר האמיתי,
fresh evidence,
הוכחות חדשות,
at the University of Maryland,
באוניברסיטת מרילנד,
when we interact in person
כשאנו באינטרקציה עם מישהו
something that's static.
she compared the brain function
להשוואת בין הפעילות המוחית
to the brain activity of people
about the same subject
in an MRI scanner at the same time,
אל תוך מכונת MRI בו-זמנית,
on real social interaction.
is the difference in brain activity
and taking in static content.
לבין קליטת תוכן סטטי.
that are associated with attention,
במוח הקשורים לקשב,
what somebody else is thinking
with a live partner.
from Fortune 500 companies
הנמצאות בדירוג של Fortune 500
read their pitches in a text, for example,
עליהם על הנייר, לדוגמא,
convey a rich signal.
Business School
it tells us a simple thing.
מגלה לנו משהו פשוט.
is that women are more likely
נוטות יותר
their face-to-face relationships
against disease and decline.
our primate relations as well.
הקשרים הפרימטיים שלנו.
shows that female baboons
מראה שנקבות בבון
via their cortisol levels,
הנמדד על-פי רמות הקורטיזול שלהן,
more surviving offspring.
רב יותר של צאצאים שורדים.
the lowest rates of dementia
אחוזים נמוכים של דמנציה
to survive their disease than loners are.
לשרוד את המחלה מאשר נשים מתבודדות.
who meet regularly to play poker
באופן קבוע לשחק פוקר
by that social contact
who meet regularly --
powerful they can do.
provides stunning benefits,
מספקת יתרונות מדהימים,
says they have no one to talk to.
שאין להם עם מי לדבר.
to know we belong,
into our cities, into our workplaces,
במקומות העבודה שלנו,
surging through the bloodstream and brain
השוחים בזרם הדם והמוח
is a matter of life and death.
I have a question for you.
יש לי שאלה בשבילך.
connecting when in face-to-face,
בתקשורת פנים-מול-פנים,
in digital technology
בטכנולוגיה הדיגיטלית
and he's yelling at his friends.
והוא צועק על חברים שלו.
are just emerging.
that the digital revolution happened
there are some improvements
is at the top of the screen,
שלכם נמצאת מעל המסך,
looking into the screen,
as even just looking into the camera
the position of the camera.
we are getting closer with the technology.
שאנחנו מתקרבים עם הטכנולוגיה.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Susan Pinker - Developmental psychologistSusan Pinker reveals how in-person social interactions are not only necessary for human happiness but also could be a key to health and longevity.
Why you should listen
In her award-winning book The Sexual Paradox, psychologist Susan Pinker argued that biological differences could play an unexpectedly large role in creating classroom, lifespan and workplace gender gaps. With The Village Effect, she tracks another current: how social, face-to-face interactions are critical not only for our happiness but also for our survival, and how technology can isolate us from these life-saving bonds. As she writes: "Neglecting to keep in close contact with people who are important to you is at least as dangerous to your health as a pack-a-day cigarette habit, hypertension or obesity."
In addition to her books, Pinker writes a column for the Wall Street Journal, "Mind and Matter," which illuminates surprising advances in human behavior research. Pinker’s numerous writings (including her weekly columns "Problem Solving" and "The Business Brain") have appeared in the Guardian, the New York Times and Financial Times, among many others.
Susan Pinker | Speaker | TED.com