ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares."

Why you should listen

Lucianne Walkowicz is an Astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. She studies stellar magnetic activity and how stars influence a planet's suitability as a host for alien life. She is also an artist and works in a variety of media, from oil paint to sound. She got her taste for astronomy as an undergrad at Johns Hopkins, testing detectors for the Hubble Space Telescope’s new camera (installed in 2002). She also learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Nowadays, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe.

More profile about the speaker
Lucianne Walkowicz | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2011

Lucianne Walkowicz: Finding planets around other stars

Lucianne Walkowicz: Traženje planeta oko drugih zvijezda

Filmed:
1,240,810 views

Kako pronalazimo planete -- čak nastanjive planete -- oko drugih zvijezda? Tražeći malo zatamnjenje dok planet prolazi ispred svojeg sunca, TED-ova govornica Lucianne Walkowicz i misija Kepler pronašli su oko 1.200 potencijalnih novih planetarnih sustava. S novim tehnikama, mogli bi pronaći čak i one s pravim uvjetima za život.
- Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares." Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

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PlanetaryPlanetarni systemssustavi outsideizvan our ownvlastiti
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Planetarni sustavi izvan našega
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are like distantudaljen citiesgradovi whosečije lightssvjetla we can see twinklingtren,
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su poput udaljenih gradova čija svjetla možemo vidjeti kako trepere,
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but whosečije streetsulice we can't walkhodati.
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ali čijim ulicama ne možemo hodati.
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By studyingučenje those twinklingtren lightssvjetla thoughiako,
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Ali proučavajući ta trepereća svjetla,
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we can learnnaučiti about how starszvijezde and planetsplaneti interactinterakcija
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možemo naučiti kako zvijezde i planeti komuniciraju
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to formoblik theirnjihov ownvlastiti ecosystemekosustav
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kako bi formirali svoj ekosustav
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and make habitatsstaništa that are amenableodgovoran to life.
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i stvorili staništa koja su povoljna za život.
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In this imageslika of the TokyoTokyo skylinelinija horizonta,
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Na ovoj slici obrisa zgrada u Tokiju
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I've hiddenskriven datapodaci
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sakrila sam podatke
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from the newestnajnoviji planet-huntinglov na planete spaceprostor telescopeteleskop on the blockblok,
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iz najnovijeg svemirskog teleskopa koji traži planete,
00:39
the KeplerKepler MissionMisija.
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Misije Kepler.
00:41
Can you see it?
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Vidite li ih?
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There we go.
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Evo.
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This is just a tinysićušan partdio of the skynebo the KeplerKepler stareszuri at,
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Ovo je samo sićušan dio neba koje Kepler promatra,
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where it searchespretraživanja for planetsplaneti
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gdje traži planete
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by measuringmjerenje the lightsvjetlo from over 150,000 starszvijezde,
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mjereći svjetlost preko 150.000 zvijezda
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all at oncejednom, everysvaki halfpola hoursat,
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sve odjednom, svakih pola sata,
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and very preciselyprecizno.
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i vrlo precizno.
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And what we're looking for
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A ono što mi tražimo
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is the tinysićušan dimmingzatamnjenje of lightsvjetlo
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jest malo zatamnjenje svjetla
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that is causedizazvan by a planetplaneta passingpretjecanje in frontispred of one of these starszvijezde
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koje nastaje kada planet prolazi ispred jedne od tih zvijezda
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and blockingblokiranje some of that starlightsvjetlost zvijezda from gettinguzimajući to us.
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i blokira dio njene zvjezdane svjetlosti da dođe do nas.
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In just over two yearsgodina of operationsoperacije,
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U samo dvije godine operacija,
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we'veimamo foundpronađeno over 1,200
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pronašli smo preko 1.200
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potentialpotencijal newnovi planetaryplanetni systemssustavi around other starszvijezde.
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potencijalnih novih planetarnih sustava oko drugih zvijezda.
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To give you some perspectiveperspektiva,
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Za usporedbu,
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in the previousprijašnji two decadesdesetljeća of searchingu potrazi,
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u proteklih dva desetljeća potrage,
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we had only knownznan about 400
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otkrili smo ih samo oko 400
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priorprije to KeplerKepler.
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prije Keplera.
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When we see these little dipsspustio in the lightsvjetlo,
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Kada vidimo ta mala udubljenja u svjetlu,
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we can determineodrediti a numberbroj of things.
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možemo odrediti mnogo stvari.
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For one thing, we can determineodrediti that there's a planetplaneta there,
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Možemo, primjerice, utvrditi kako ondje postoji planet,
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but alsotakođer how bigvelika that planetplaneta is
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ali ujedno i kako je velik taj planet
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and how fardaleko it is away from its parentroditelj starzvijezda.
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i koliko je udaljen od svoje matične zvijezde.
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That distanceudaljenost is really importantvažno
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Ta je udaljenost veoma važna
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because it tellsgovori us
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jer nam govori
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how much lightsvjetlo the planetplaneta receivesprima overallCjelokupni.
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koliko ukupno svjetlosti planet prima.
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And that distanceudaljenost and knowingpoznavanje that amountiznos of lightsvjetlo is importantvažno
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Ta udaljenost i poznavanje količine svjetla važni su
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because it's a little like you or I sittingsjedenje around a campfirelogorska vatra:
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jer to pomalo nalikuje na vas ili mene kada sjedimo oko logorske vatre.
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You want to be closeblizu enoughdovoljno to the campfirelogorska vatra so that you're warmtoplo,
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Želite biti dovoljno blizu logorske vatre kako bi vam bilo toplo,
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but not so closeblizu
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ali ne preblizu
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that you're too toastyToasty and you get burnedspaljen.
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da vam ne bude prevruće i da se ne opečete.
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HoweverMeđutim, there's more to know about your parentroditelj starzvijezda
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No, o matičnoj zvijezdi treba znati mnogo više
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than just how much lightsvjetlo you receivedobiti overallCjelokupni.
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od toga koliko se ukupno primi svjetla.
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And I'll tell you why.
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A reći ću vam i zašto.
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This is our starzvijezda. This is our SunSunce.
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Ovo je naša zvijezda. Ovo je naše Sunce.
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It's shownprikazan here in visiblevidljiv lightsvjetlo.
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Prikazano je ovdje u vidljivom svjetlu.
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That's the lightsvjetlo that you can see with your ownvlastiti humanljudski eyesoči.
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To je svjetlo koje se može vidjeti ljudskim okom.
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You'llVi ćete noticeobavijest that it looksizgled prettyprilično much
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Primijetit ćete da prilično nalikuje
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like the iconickultni yellowžuta boja balllopta --
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na poznatu žutu loptu --
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that SunSunce that we all drawizvući when we're childrendjeca.
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to Sunce koje svi crtamo dok smo djeca.
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But you'llvi ćete noticeobavijest something elsedrugo,
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Ali primijetit ćete još nešto,
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and that's that the facelice of the SunSunce
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a to je kako površina Sunca
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has frecklesPjegava.
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ima mrlje.
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These frecklesPjegava are calledzvao sunspotsSunčeve pjege,
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Te mrlje zovu se Sunčeve pjege,
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and they are just one of the manifestationsmanifestacije
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i one su samo jedna od manifestacija
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of the Sun'sSunce je magneticmagnetski fieldpolje.
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Sunčeva magnetskog polja.
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They alsotakođer causeuzrok the lightsvjetlo from the starzvijezda to varyvarirati.
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One su i razlog zašto svjetlost koja dolazi od zvijezde varira.
02:29
And we can measuremjera this
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I to možemo izmjeriti
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very, very preciselyprecizno with KeplerKepler and tracetrag theirnjihov effectsefekti.
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vrlo, vrlo precizno pomoću Keplera i pratiti njihove učinke.
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HoweverMeđutim, these are just the tipSavjet of the icebergsanta leda.
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No, one su samo vrh sante leda.
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If we had UVUV eyesoči or X-rayX-zraka eyesoči,
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Kada bismo imali UV oči ili rentgenski vid,
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we would really see
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zapravo bismo vidjeli
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the dynamicdinamičan and dramaticdramatičan effectsefekti
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dinamične i dramatične učinke
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of our Sun'sSunce je magneticmagnetski activityaktivnost --
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magnetske aktivnosti našeg Sunca --
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the kindljubazan of thing that happensdogađa se on other starszvijezde as well.
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ista stvar koja se događa i na drugim zvijezdama.
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Just think, even when it's cloudySlaba kiša outsideizvan,
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Samo zamislite, čak i kada je vani oblačno,
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these kindljubazan of eventsdogađaji are happeningdogađa
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takve se stvari događaju
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in the skynebo aboveiznad you all the time.
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gore na nebu cijelo vrijeme.
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So when we want to learnnaučiti whetherda li a planetplaneta is habitableuseljiva,
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Stoga, kada želimo doznati je li planet nastanjiv,
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whetherda li it mightmoć be amenableodgovoran to life,
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je li možda pogodan za život,
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we want to know not only how much totalukupno lightsvjetlo it receivesprima
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želimo znati ne samo koliko ukupno svjetlosti primi
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and how warmtoplo it is,
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i koliko je topao,
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but we want to know about its spaceprostor weathervrijeme --
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već želimo znati i kakvo mu je svemirsko vrijeme --
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this high-energyvisoko-energetske radiationradijacija,
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radijacija visoke energije,
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the UVUV and the X-raysX-zrake
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UV i X-zrake
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that are createdstvorio by its starzvijezda
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koje stvara njegova zvijezda
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and that bathekupanje it in this bathkupelj of high-energyvisoko-energetske radiationradijacija.
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i koje se kupaju u toj kupelji radijacije visoke energije.
03:18
And so, we can't really look
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I tako, mi zapravo ne možemo promatrati
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at planetsplaneti around other starszvijezde
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planete oko drugih zvijezda
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in the sameisti kindljubazan of detaildetalj
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jednako detaljno
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that we can look at planetsplaneti in our ownvlastiti solarsolarni systemsistem.
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kao što možemo promatrati planete u našem Sunčevom sustavu.
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I'm showingpokazivanje here VenusVenera, EarthZemlja and MarsMars --
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Ovdje prikazujem Veneru, Zemlju i Mars --
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threetri planetsplaneti in our ownvlastiti solarsolarni systemsistem that are roughlygrubo the sameisti sizeveličina,
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tri planeta u našem sunčevom sustavu koji su približno iste veličine,
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but only one of whichkoji
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ali od kojih je samo jedan
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is really a good placemjesto to liveživjeti.
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zaista dobro mjesto za život.
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But what we can do in the meantimeu međuvremenu
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Ali ono što možemo učiniti u međuvremenu
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is measuremjera the lightsvjetlo from our starszvijezde
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jest izmjeriti svjetlost iz naših zvijezda
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and learnnaučiti about this relationshipodnos
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i naučiti nešto o toj vezi
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betweenizmeđu the planetsplaneti and theirnjihov parentroditelj starszvijezde
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između planeta i njihovih matičnih zvijezda
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to sussodjebu out cluestragove
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kako bismo otkrili tragove
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about whichkoji planetsplaneti mightmoć be good placesmjesta
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o tome koji planeti bi mogli biti dobra mjesta
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to look for life in the universesvemir.
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za potragu za životom u svemiru.
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KeplerKepler won'tnavika find a planetplaneta
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Kepler neće pronaći planet
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around everysvaki singlesingl starzvijezda it looksizgled at.
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oko svake zvijezde koju promatra.
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But really, everysvaki measurementmjerenje it makesmarke
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Ali zapravo, svako mjerenje koje obavi
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is preciousdragocjen,
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dragocjeno je
03:59
because it's teachingnastava us about the relationshipodnos
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jer nam daje informacije o vezi
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betweenizmeđu starszvijezde and planetsplaneti,
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između zvijezda i planeta,
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and how it's really the starlightsvjetlost zvijezda
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i kako zapravo svjetlost od zvijezda
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that setssetovi the stagefaza
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postavlja temelje
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for the formationformacija of life in the universesvemir.
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za nastanak života u svemiru.
04:09
While it's KeplerKepler the telescopeteleskop, the instrumentinstrument that stareszuri,
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Dok je teleskop Kepler instrument koji promatra,
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it's we, life, who are searchingu potrazi.
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mi, život, ti smo koji tražimo.
04:15
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
04:17
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Tilen Pigac - EFZG
Reviewed by Katarina Smetko

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lucianne Walkowicz - Stellar astronomer
Lucianne Walkowicz works on NASA's Kepler mission, studying starspots and "the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares."

Why you should listen

Lucianne Walkowicz is an Astronomer at the Adler Planetarium in Chicago. She studies stellar magnetic activity and how stars influence a planet's suitability as a host for alien life. She is also an artist and works in a variety of media, from oil paint to sound. She got her taste for astronomy as an undergrad at Johns Hopkins, testing detectors for the Hubble Space Telescope’s new camera (installed in 2002). She also learned to love the dark stellar denizens of our galaxy, the red dwarfs, which became the topic of her PhD dissertation at University of Washington. Nowadays, she works on NASA’s Kepler mission, studying starspots and the tempestuous tantrums of stellar flares to understand stellar magnetic fields. She is particularly interested in how the high energy radiation from stars influences the habitability of planets around alien suns. Lucianne is also a leader in the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, a new project that will scan the sky every night for 10 years to create a huge cosmic movie of our Universe.

More profile about the speaker
Lucianne Walkowicz | Speaker | TED.com