TEDGlobal 2010
Lewis Pugh: My mind-shifting Everest swim
Preobrazba Lewisa Pugha plivanjem na Mt. Everestu
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Lewis Pugh se zakleo da više nikada neće ući u ledenu vodu nakon što je preplivao Sjeverni pol. Onda je čuo za jezero Imja na Mt. Everestu - vodenu masu na visini 5.300 metara koja je nastala nedavnim otapanjem ledenjaka - i započeo je putovanje koje će ga naučiti radikalno drugačijem pristupu plivanju i klimatskim promjenama.
Lewis Pugh - Coldwater swimmer
Pushing his body through epic cold-water swims, Lewis Gordon Pugh wants to draw attention to our global climate. He's just back from swimming in a meltwater lake on the slopes of Mount Everest. Full bio
Pushing his body through epic cold-water swims, Lewis Gordon Pugh wants to draw attention to our global climate. He's just back from swimming in a meltwater lake on the slopes of Mount Everest. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
Last year when I was here, I was speaking to you about a swim
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Ovdje sam prošle godine govorio o tome
00:18
which I did across the North Pole.
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kako sam preplivao Sjeverni pol.
00:21
And while that swim took place three years ago,
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Iako sam plivao prije tri godine,
00:23
I can remember it as if it was yesterday.
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sjećam se kao da je bilo jučer.
00:26
I remember standing on the edge of the ice,
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Sjećam se kako sam stajao na rubu leda,
00:29
about to dive into the water,
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neposredno pred skok u vodu,
00:31
and thinking to myself, I have never ever
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i u sebi razmišljao kako još nikad
00:34
seen any place on this earth
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nisam vidio mjesto na Zemlji
00:36
which is just so frightening.
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koje je toliko zastrašujuće.
00:38
The water is completely black.
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Voda je sasvim crna.
00:40
The water is minus 1.7 degrees centigrade,
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Voda ima minus 1,7 stupnja Celzijusa,
00:43
or 29 degrees Fahrenheit.
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ili 29 stupnjeva Fahrenheita.
00:46
It's flipping freezing in that water.
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Užasno je hladno u toj vodi.
00:49
And then a thought came across my mind:
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I onda sam pomislio:
00:52
if things go pear-shaped on this swim,
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ako stvari pođu po zlu kad zaplivam,
00:55
how long will it take for my frozen body
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koliko će trebati mome smrznutom tijelu
00:58
to sink the four and a half kilometers
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da potone četiri i pol kilometra
01:00
to the bottom of the ocean?
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do dna oceana?
01:02
And then I said to myself, I've just got to get this thought
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A onda sam si rekao, tu misao jednostavno moram
01:04
out of my mind as quickly as possible.
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izbaciti iz glave čim je prije moguće.
01:06
And the only way I can dive
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Jedini način na koji mogu skočiti
01:08
into that freezing cold water
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u tu ledenu vodu
01:10
and swim a kilometer
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i plivati kilometar
01:12
is by listening to my iPod and really revving myself up,
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jest slušajući moj iPod i stvarno se ubrzati,
01:15
listening to everything from beautiful opera
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tako što ću slušati sve od prelijepe opere
01:18
all the way across to Puff Daddy,
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do Puff Daddya,
01:21
and then committing myself a hundred percent --
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a zatim se 100% posvetiti -
01:23
there is nothing more powerful than the made-up mind --
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ništa nije toliko moćno kao odlučan um -
01:26
and then walking up to the edge of the ice
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i otići na rub leda
01:29
and just diving into the water.
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i jednostavno skočiti u vodu.
01:31
And that swim took me
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To je plivanje trajalo
01:33
18 minutes and 50 seconds,
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18 minuta i 50 sekundi,
01:35
and it felt like 18 days.
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a meni je izgledalo kao 18 dana.
01:37
And I remember getting out of the water
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Sjećam se kako sam izlazio iz vode,
01:39
and my hands feeling so painful
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ruke su me jako boljele,
01:41
and looking down at my fingers,
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pogledao sam prste,
01:43
and my fingers were literally the size of sausages
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a prsti su mi doslovno bili poput kobasica
01:46
because -- you know, we're made partially of water --
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jer - znate, napravljeni smo djelomično od vode -
01:49
when water freezes it expands,
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kad se voda zamrzava ona se širi,
01:51
and so the cells in my fingers
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i tako su se stanice u mojim pristima
01:53
had frozen and expanded
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smrznule, raširile
01:55
and burst.
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i prsnule.
01:57
And the most immediate thought when I came out of that water
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Prvo što mi je palo na pamet po izlasku iz vode
01:59
was the following:
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bilo je:
02:01
I'm never, ever
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ja nikada više
02:03
going to do another cold water swim
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neću plivati u hladnoj vodi
02:06
in my life again.
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u svome životu.
02:09
Anyway, last year, I heard about the Himalayas
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Ipak, prošle godine sam čuo za Himalaje
02:12
and the melting of the -- (Laughter)
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i topljenje... (smijeh)
02:14
and the melting of the glaciers
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i topljenje ledenjaka
02:16
because of climate change.
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zbog klimatskih promjena.
02:18
I heard about this lake, Lake Imja.
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Čuo sam za jedno jezero, Imja.
02:21
This lake has been formed in the last couple of years
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To jezero nastalo je u posljednjih nekoliko godina
02:24
because of the melting of the glacier.
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zbog topljenja ledenjaka.
02:26
The glacier's gone all the way up the mountain
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Ledenjaci su se povukli visoko u planine
02:28
and left in its place this big lake.
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i umjesto sebe ostavili to veliko jezero.
02:31
And I firmly believe
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Ja čvrsto vjerujem
02:33
that what we're seeing in the Himalayas
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da je to što pratimo u Himalajima
02:35
is the next great, big battleground
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naredna velika bojišnica
02:37
on this earth.
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na Zemlji.
02:39
Nearly two billion people --
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Skoro 2 milijarde ljudi -
02:41
so one in three people on this earth --
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dakle svaki treći čovjek na Zemlji -
02:43
rely on the water from the Himalayas.
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ovisi o vodi s Himalaja.
02:46
And with a population increasing as quickly as it is,
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S ovako brzim porastom stanovništva,
02:49
and with the water supply from these glaciers --
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i sa zalihama vode iz tih ledenjaka
02:51
because of climate change --
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koje se zbog klimatskih promjena
02:53
decreasing so much,
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smanjuju toliko brzo,
02:55
I think we have a real risk of instability.
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stvarno mislim da riskiramo nestabilnost.
02:57
North, you've got China; south, you've India, Pakistan, Bangladesh,
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Sjeverno je Kina, južno je Indija, Pakistan, Bangladeš,
03:00
all these countries.
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sve te zemlje.
03:02
And so I decided
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Stoga sam odlučio
03:04
to walk up to Mt. Everest,
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popeti se na Mt. Everest,
03:06
the highest mountain on this earth,
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najvišu planinu na Zemlji,
03:08
and go and do a symbolic swim
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i simbolično zaplivati
03:10
underneath the summit
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ispod vrha
03:12
of Mt. Everest.
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Mt. Everesta.
03:14
Now, I don't know if any of you have had the opportunity to go to Mt. Everest,
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Ja ne znam je li tko od vas imao priliku otići na Mt. Everest,
03:17
but it's quite an ordeal getting up there.
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no prilično je naporno uspeti se tamo.
03:20
28 great, big, powerful yaks
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28 sjajnih, velikih, snažnih jakova
03:22
carrying all the equipment up onto this mountain --
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nosilo je svu opremu uz planinu -
03:25
I don't just have my Speedo,
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nemam samo svoje kupaće gaćice.
03:27
but there's a big film crew who then
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Tamo je bila i velika filmska ekipa koja
03:29
send all the images around the world.
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je slala snimke širom svijeta.
03:32
The other thing which was so challenging about this swim
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Još nešto bilo je veliki izazov tog plivanja,
03:35
is not just the altitude.
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ne sama visina.
03:37
I wanted to do the swim at 5,300 meters above sea level.
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Želio sam plivati na visini 5.300 metara iznad mora.
03:40
So it's right up in the heavens.
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Pod samim nebesima.
03:42
It's very, very difficult to breath. You get altitude sickness.
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Jako je, jako teško disati. Dobijete visinsku bolest.
03:45
I feels like you've got a man standing behind you with a hammer
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Osjećate se kao da netko stoji iza vas s čekićem
03:48
just hitting your head all the time.
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i stalno vas udara po glavi.
03:50
That's not the worst part of it.
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I to nije najgore.
03:52
The worst part was this year was the year where they decided
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Najgore je bilo što su ove godine su odlučili
03:54
to do a big cleanup operation on Mt. Everest.
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napraviti veliko čišćenje na Mt. Everestu.
03:57
Many, many people have died on Mt. Everest,
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Jako je puno ljudi poginulo na Mt. Everestu,
04:00
and this was the year they decided to go
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a ove su godine odlučili
04:02
and recover all the bodies of the mountaineers
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pronaći tijela svih tih planinara
04:04
and then bring them down the mountain.
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i spustiti ih s planine.
04:07
And when you're walking up the mountain
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I dok se penjete na planinu
04:09
to attempt to do something
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nastojeći napraviti nešto što
04:11
which no human has ever done before, and, in fact, no fish --
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do tada nitko nije napravio, čak ni riba...
04:14
there are no fish up there swimming at 5,300 meters --
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Na 5.300 metara visine nema riba.
04:17
When you're trying to do that,
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Dok pokušavate to napraviti,
04:19
and then the bodies are coming past you,
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a tijela poginulih nose kraj vas,
04:21
it humbles you,
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to vas učini poniznim,
04:23
and you also realize very, very clearly
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jer vrlo jasno vidite
04:25
that nature is so much more powerful
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koliko je priroda snažnija
04:28
than we are.
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od nas.
04:30
And we walked up this pathway,
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Penjali smo se tom stazom
04:32
all the way up.
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skroz gore.
04:34
And to the right hand side of us
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S naše desne strane
04:36
was this great Khumbu Glacier.
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bio je veliki ledenjak Khumbu.
04:38
And all the way along the glacier we saw
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Uzduž cijelog ledenjaka vidjeli smo
04:40
these big pools of melting ice.
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velike lokve leda koji se otapa.
04:43
And then we got up to this small lake
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I onda smo se popeli do malog jezera
04:46
underneath the summit of Mt. Everest,
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pod vrhom Mt. Everesta
04:48
and I prepared myself
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i pripremio sam se,
04:50
the same way as I've always prepared myself,
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onako kako sam se uvijek do tada pripremao,
04:52
for this swim which was going to be so very difficult.
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za plivanje koje će biti stvarno jako teško.
04:54
I put on my iPod, I listened to some music,
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Stavio sam svoj iPod, slušao sam muziku,
04:57
I got myself as aggressive as possible --
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postao sam agresivan koliko je moguće -
04:59
but controlled aggression --
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ali kontrolirano agresivan -
05:01
and then I hurled myself
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i onda sam se bacio
05:03
into that water.
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u tu vodu.
05:05
I swam as quickly as I could
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Plivao sam što sam brže mogao
05:08
for the first hundred meters,
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prvih nekoliko stotina metara,
05:10
and then I realized very, very quickly,
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i onda sam iznenada shvatio
05:12
I had a huge problem on my hands.
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da imam jako veliki problem.
05:14
I could barely breathe.
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Jedva sam disao.
05:16
I was gasping for air.
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Hvatao sam zrak.
05:18
I then began to choke,
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Počeo sam se gušiti,
05:20
and then it quickly led to me vomiting in the water.
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i to je izazvalo povraćanje u vodi.
05:23
And it all happened so quickly:
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Sve se to dogodilo toliko brzo
05:26
I then -- I don't know how it happened -- but I went underwater.
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da sam - ne znam kako se to dogodilo - ali potonuo sam.
05:29
And luckily, the water was quite shallow,
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Srećom, voda je bila prilično plitka,
05:32
and I was able to push myself off the bottom of the lake
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tako da sam se mogao odgurnuti od dna
05:35
and get up and then take another gasp of air.
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i doći do površine da bi udahnuo još jednom.
05:38
And then I said, carry on. Carry on. Carry on.
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I onda sam si rekao: nastavi. Nastavi. Nastavi.
05:40
I carried on for another five or six strokes,
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Nastavio sam još 5 ili 6 zamaha,
05:43
and then I had nothing in my body,
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a onda potpuno ostao bez snage,
05:46
and I went down to the bottom of the lake.
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i potonuo na dno jezera.
05:48
And I don't where I got it from,
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I ne znam kako,
05:50
but I was able to somehow
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ali nekako sam skupio snagu
05:52
pull myself up and as quickly as possible
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da što prije otplivam
05:55
get to the side of the lake.
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do obale jezera.
05:58
I've heard it said that drowning
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Čuo sam da kažu kako je utapljanje
06:00
is the most peaceful death that you can have.
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najmirnija smrt koju možete imati.
06:03
I have never, ever heard
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Nikada nisam čuo
06:05
such utter bollocks.
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veću glupost.
06:07
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
06:09
It is the most frightening and panicky feeling
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To je najstrašniji i najpaničniji osjećaj
06:12
that you can have.
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koji možete imati.
06:14
I got myself to the side of the lake.
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Dospio sam nekako na obalu jezera.
06:16
My crew grabbed me,
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Moja ekipa me zgrabila,
06:18
and then we walked as quickly as we could
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i onda smo brzo otrčali
06:20
down -- over the rubble --
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dolje - preko kamenja -
06:22
down to our camp.
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dolje do logora.
06:24
And there, we sat down,
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Tamo smo sjeli
06:26
and we did a debrief about what had gone wrong
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i raspravili što je pošlo po zlu
06:29
there on Mt. Everest.
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tu na Mt. Everestu.
06:31
And my team just gave it to me straight.
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Moji suradnici rekli su mi otvoreno.
06:34
They said, Lewis, you need to have
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Rekli su, Lewis, moraš
06:36
a radical tactical shift
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radikalno promijeniti taktiku
06:39
if you want to do this swim.
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ako želiš preplivati to jezero.
06:41
Every single thing which you have learned
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Sve što si naučio
06:43
in the past 23 years of swimming,
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u protekle 23 godine plivanja
06:45
you must forget.
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sad moraš zaboraviti.
06:47
Every single thing which you learned
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Sve što si naučio
06:49
when you were serving in the British army,
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dok si služio u britanskoj vojsci,
06:51
about speed and aggression,
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o brzini i agresivnosti
06:53
you put that to one side.
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moraš maknuti u stranu.
06:55
We want you to walk up the hill in another two days' time.
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Želimo da ponovno pokušaš za dva dana.
06:58
Take some time to rest and think about things.
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Malo se odmori i razmisli.
07:01
We want you to walk up the mountain in two days' time,
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Želimo da se za dva dana popneš na tu planinu,
07:04
and instead of swimming fast,
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i umjesto da plivaš brzo,
07:07
swim as slowly as possible.
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plivaj čim sporije možeš.
07:09
Instead of swimming crawl, swim breaststroke.
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Umjesto da plivaš kraul, plivaj prsno.
07:12
And remember, never ever swim with aggression.
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I upamti, niti ne pokušavaj plivati agresivno.
07:15
This is the time to swim
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Ovoga puta trebaš plivati
07:17
with real humility.
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sa stvarnom poniznošću.
07:19
And so we walked back up
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I tako smo ponovno otišli gore
07:21
to the mountain two days later.
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uz planinu, dva dana kasnije.
07:23
And I stood there
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Stao sam ondje
07:25
on the edge of the lake,
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na rub jezera
07:27
and I looked up at Mt. Everest --
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i pogledao gore prema Mt. Everestu -
07:29
and she is one of the most beautiful mountains on the earth --
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to je jedna od najljepših planina na Zemlji -
07:32
and I said to myself, just do this slowly.
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i rekao sam si, ovoga puta polako.
07:35
And I swam across the lake.
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I preplivao sam jezero.
07:37
And I can't begin to tell you
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Ne mogu vam opisati
07:39
how good I felt
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kako dobro sam se osjećao
07:41
when I came to the other side.
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kada sam došao na drugu stranu.
07:43
But I learned two very, very
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Ali naučio sam dvije jako, jako
07:45
important lessons there on Mt. Everest,
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važne lekcije tamo na Mt. Everestu.
07:48
and I thank my team of Sherpas who taught me this.
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Zahvaljujem svojoj ekipi Šerpa koji su me to naučili.
07:51
The first one is
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Prva je
07:53
that just because something has worked in the past so well,
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ako je nešto dobro funkcioniralo u prošlosti,
07:56
doesn't mean it's going to work in the future.
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ne znači da će funkcionirati i u budućnosti.
07:59
And similarly,
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I slično tome,
08:01
now, before I do anything,
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sada, prije nego što bilo što pokušam,
08:03
I ask myself what type of mindset
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zapitam se kakvu vrstu mentalnog stanja
08:05
do I require
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trebam
08:07
to successfully complete a task.
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kako bih uspješno obavio zadatak.
08:10
And taking that into the world of climate change --
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I razmišljajući na taj način o klimatskim promjenama,
08:13
which is, frankly,
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koje su, iskreno,
08:15
the Mt. Everest of all problems --
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Mt. Everest svih problema -
08:17
just because we've lived the way we have lived for so long,
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samo zato što smo na ovaj način živjeli toliko dugo,
08:20
just because we have consumed the way we have for so long
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samo zato što smo toliko trošli tako dugo
08:23
and populated the earth the way we have for so long,
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i naseljavali Zemlju tako dugo,
08:26
doesn't mean that we can carry on
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ne znači da možemo nastaviti
08:28
the way we are carrying on.
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tako kako smo to do sada radili.
08:30
The warning signs are all there.
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Svi znakovi opasnosti su tu.
08:33
When I was born, the world's population
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Kada sam ja rođen, na svijetu
08:35
was 3.5 billion people.
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je bilo 3,5 milijardi ljudi.
08:37
We're now 6.8 billion people,
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Danas nas ima 6,8 milijardi,
08:40
and we're expected to be 9 billion people
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i očekuje se da će nas biti preko 9 milijardi
08:42
by 2050.
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do 2050.
08:44
And then the second lesson,
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I druga lekcija,
08:46
the radical, tactical shift.
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radikalna, taktička promjena.
08:48
And I've come here to ask you today:
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Danas sam ovdje kako bih vas upitao:
08:51
what radical tactical shift
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koju radikalnu taktičku promjenu
08:54
can you take in your relationship to the environment,
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možete vi napraviti u svojem odnosu s okolišem,
08:57
which will ensure
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koja će osigurati
08:59
that our children and our grandchildren
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da naša djeca i unuci
09:01
live in a safe world
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žive u sigurnom svijetu
09:03
and a secure world,
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i zaštićenom svijetu,
09:05
and most importantly, in a sustainable world?
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i najvažnije, u održivom svijetu?
09:08
And I ask you, please, to go away from here
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Tražim od vas, molim vas, da odlazeći odavde
09:10
and think about that one
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razmislite o toj jednoj
09:12
radical tactical shift
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radikalnoj taktičkoj promjeni
09:14
which you could make,
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koju vi možete napraviti,
09:16
which will make that big difference,
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koja će prouzročiti veliki pomak,
09:18
and then commit a hundred percent to doing it.
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i onda joj se posvetite 100%.
09:21
Blog about it, tweet about it, talk about it,
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Blogajte, tweetajte, pričajte o tome,
09:24
and commit a hundred percent,
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i posvetite se tome 100%.
09:26
because very, very few things
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Jer skoro ništa nije
09:28
are impossible to achieve
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nemoguće ostvariti
09:30
if we really put our whole minds to it.
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ako se zbilja za to odlučimo.
09:32
So thank you very, very much.
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Zato vam puno, puno hvala.
09:34
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Lewis Pugh - Coldwater swimmerPushing his body through epic cold-water swims, Lewis Gordon Pugh wants to draw attention to our global climate. He's just back from swimming in a meltwater lake on the slopes of Mount Everest.
Why you should listen
Lewis Gordon Pugh loves to pioneer new swimming routes around or between landmarks once thought unswimmable. In 2006, he swam the drought-stricken Thames; also that year he became the first swimmer to do a long-distance swim in all five oceans of the world. The following year, he made the first long-distance swim across the North Pole -- where climate change made the ice temporarily disappear. Heading into the second decade of his swimming career, he's regarded as the greatest cold-water swimmer in history.
His swims have given him a sea-level view of our planet, and inspired him to do his bit to help preserve it. He left a career in maritime law to become a public speaker on environmental issues with his group, Polar Defence Project -- and of course to plan more astonishing swims and treks. In September 2008, Pugh and Robbie Hedgus kayaked across the Arctic Ocean into the polar ice pack, to raise awareness of the thinning sea ice and the dangers of climate change in the Arctic and across the world. And at the end of May 2010 he swam 1 kilometer across Pumori, a meltwater lake situated next to the Khumbu Glacier on Mount Everest, at an altitude of 5300 meters, to draw attention to the melting of the Asian glaciers. He completed the swim -- the highest any person has undertaken -- in less than 23 minutes. "Glaciers are not just ice: they are a lifeline, they provide water to 2 billion people, and we need to protect them," he says.
Lewis Pugh | Speaker | TED.com