TED2009
Aimee Mullins: My 12 pairs of legs
Ejmi Malins i njenih 12 pari nogu
Filmed:
Readability: 3.8
4,380,008 views
Atletičarka, glumica i aktivistkinja govori o svojim protezama za noge - a ima ih 12 neverovatnih pari - i izuzetim sposobnostima koje joj one omogućavaju - brzini, lepoti i dodatnih 15 santimetara visine... Ona naprosto daje novu definiciju telesnih mogućnosti
Aimee Mullins - Athlete and actor
A record-breaker at the Paralympic Games in 1996, Aimee Mullins has built a career as a model, actor and advocate for women, sports and the next generation of prosthetics. Full bio
A record-breaker at the Paralympic Games in 1996, Aimee Mullins has built a career as a model, actor and advocate for women, sports and the next generation of prosthetics. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I was speaking to a group of about 300 kids,
0
0
3000
Obraćala sam se grupi od oko 300 dece,
00:15
ages six to eight, at a children's museum,
1
3000
2000
starih od šest do osam godina, u jednom muzeju za decu
00:17
and I brought with me a bag full of legs,
2
5000
4000
i sa sobom sam ponela vreću nogu,
00:21
similar to the kinds of things you see up here,
3
9000
2000
sličnih ovima koje vidite ovde.
00:23
and had them laid out on a table for the kids.
4
11000
2000
Poređala sam ih po stolu pred tom decom.
00:25
And, from my experience, you know, kids are naturally curious
5
13000
4000
I, kao što znamo iz iskustva, deca su po prirodi radoznala
00:29
about what they don't know, or don't understand,
6
17000
2000
kad je reč o onome što ne poznaju, što ne razumeju
00:31
or is foreign to them.
7
19000
2000
ili što im je strano.
00:33
They only learn to be frightened of those differences
8
21000
2000
Takvih razlika ona nauče da se boje
00:35
when an adult influences them to behave that way,
9
23000
3000
tek kad ih neka odrasla osoba nauči takvom ponašanju,
00:38
and maybe censors that natural curiosity,
10
26000
3000
eventualno cenzuriše njihovu prirodnu radoznalost
00:41
or you know, reins in the question-asking
11
29000
3000
ili zauzda njihovo postavljanje pitanja
00:44
in the hopes of them being polite little kids.
12
32000
2000
u želji da od njih napravi lepo vaspitanu dečicu.
00:46
So I just pictured a first grade teacher out in the lobby
13
34000
4000
I baš sam zamišljala učiteljicu prvog razreda
00:50
with these unruly kids, saying, "Now, whatever you do,
14
38000
3000
s tom nemirnom decom kako im kaže: "Radite šta hoćete,
00:53
don't stare at her legs."
15
41000
2000
samo joj ne gledajte u noge".
00:55
But, of course, that's the point.
16
43000
2000
Naravno, u tome je cela stvar.
00:57
That's why I was there, I wanted to invite them to look and explore.
17
45000
3000
Zbog toga sam bila tamo, želela sam da im ponudim da gledaju i proučavaju.
01:00
So I made a deal with the adults
18
48000
4000
Zato sam se dogovorila s odraslima
01:04
that the kids could come in without any adults for two minutes
19
52000
3000
da deca uđu na dva minuta bez ijedne odrasle osobe,
01:07
on their own.
20
55000
2000
dakle, sama.
01:09
The doors open, the kids descend on this table of legs,
21
57000
4000
Vrata su se otvorila, deca su se sjurila na taj sto s nogama,
01:13
and they are poking and prodding, and they're wiggling toes,
22
61000
3000
počela da ih pipkaju, čačkaju, mrdaju im prste,
01:16
and they're trying to put their full weight on the sprinting leg
23
64000
2000
pokušavaju da prebace svu težinu na nogu za sprint
01:18
to see what happens with that.
24
66000
2000
i vide šta će da se desi.
01:20
And I said, "Kids, really quickly --
25
68000
2000
Onda sam im rekla: "Deco, slušajte,
01:22
I woke up this morning, I decided I wanted to be able to jump over a house --
26
70000
4000
Probudila sam se jutros i zaključila da bi bilo dobro da mogu da preskočim kuću,
01:26
nothing too big, two or three stories --
27
74000
2000
ne neku ogromnu, već od dva-tri sprata.
01:28
but, if you could think of any animal, any superhero, any cartoon character,
28
76000
5000
Sad brzo razmislite, kad biste mogli da birate neku životinju, super-heroja, lik iz crtanih filmova,
01:33
anything you can dream up right now,
29
81000
2000
šta god vam padne na pamet,
01:35
what kind of legs would you build me?"
30
83000
2000
čije biste mi noge dali?"
01:37
And immediately a voice shouted, "Kangaroo!"
31
85000
3000
Neko je odmah uzviknuo "Kengur!"
01:40
"No, no, no! Should be a frog!"
32
88000
2000
"Ne, ne, ne! Bolje da bude žaba!"
01:42
"No. It should be Go Go Gadget!"
33
90000
2000
"Ne. Bolje Go Go Gadget!"
01:44
"No, no, no! It should be the Incredibles."
34
92000
2000
"Ne, ne! Bolje Izbavitelji."
01:46
And other things that I don't -- aren't familiar with.
35
94000
3000
I druge stvari koje mi nisu poznate.
01:49
And then, one eight-year-old said,
36
97000
2000
A onda je jedan osmogodišnjak rekao sledeće:
01:51
"Hey, why wouldn't you want to fly too?"
37
99000
4000
"A zašto ne bi i letela?"
01:56
And the whole room, including me, was like, "Yeah."
38
104000
3000
I svi u sobi, uključujući mene, rekli su: "Pa, da".
01:59
(Laughter)
39
107000
2000
(Smeh)
02:01
And just like that, I went from being a woman
40
109000
3000
Tek tako sam prestala da budem žena
02:04
that these kids would have been trained to see as "disabled"
41
112000
4000
koju bi ta deca vremenom naučila da smatraju "invalidom"
02:08
to somebody that had potential that their bodies didn't have yet.
42
116000
5000
i postala sam neko ko raspolaže fizičkim mogućnostima koje oni još nemaju.
02:13
Somebody that might even be super-abled.
43
121000
2000
Čak neko s nadljudskim sposobnostima.
02:15
Interesting.
44
123000
2000
Interesantno.
02:17
So some of you actually saw me at TED, 11 years ago.
45
125000
5000
Neki od vas su me verovatno gledali na TED-u pre 11 godina.
02:22
And there's been a lot of talk about how life-changing this conference is
46
130000
4000
Mnogo se pričalo o tome kako ta konferencija utiče na život,
02:26
for both speakers and attendees, and I am no exception.
47
134000
4000
kako izlagača, tako i publike, i ja nisam izuzetak.
02:30
TED literally was the launch pad to the next decade of my life's exploration.
48
138000
6000
TED je bukvalno bio odskočna daska za narednu deceniju istraživanja mog života.
02:36
At the time, the legs I presented were groundbreaking in prosthetics.
49
144000
5000
U to vreme proteze za noge koje sam prikazala bile su najnoviji krik u protetici.
02:41
I had woven carbon fiber sprinting legs
50
149000
2000
Imala sam proteze za sprint napravljene od upletenih ugljeničnih vlakana
02:43
modeled after the hind leg of a cheetah,
51
151000
2000
konstruisane po uzoru na zadnje noge geparda,
02:45
which you may have seen on stage yesterday.
52
153000
2000
koje ste juče možda videli na sceni.
02:47
And also these very life-like, intrinsically painted silicone legs.
53
155000
6000
Takođe sam imala ove veoma uverljive, prirodno obojene noge od silikona.
02:53
So at the time, it was my opportunity to put a call out
54
161000
4000
To je za mene bila prilika da pozovem
02:57
to innovators outside the traditional medical prosthetic community
55
165000
4000
inovatore izvan polja tradicionalne medicinske protetike
03:01
to come bring their talent to the science and to the art
56
169000
4000
da svoj talenat primene u nauci i umetnosti
03:05
of building legs.
57
173000
2000
izrade nogu,
03:07
So that we can stop compartmentalizing form, function and aesthetic,
58
175000
5000
kako bismo prestali da pravimo razliku između forme, funkcije i estetike
03:12
and assigning them different values.
59
180000
2000
i pridajemo im različite vrednosti.
03:14
Well, lucky for me, a lot of people answered that call.
60
182000
4000
Srećom po mene, odazvao se veliki broj ljudi.
03:18
And the journey started, funny enough, with a TED conference attendee --
61
186000
5000
I putovanje je otpočelo, zamislite, s osobom koja je bila na toj konferenciji TED-a.
03:23
Chee Pearlman, who hopefully is in the audience somewhere today.
62
191000
3000
To je bila Či Perlman, koja je, nadam se, i danas negde u publici.
03:26
She was the editor then of a magazine called ID,
63
194000
3000
Radila je kao urednik časopisa "ID"
03:29
and she gave me a cover story.
64
197000
3000
i posvetila mi je priču s naslovne strane.
03:32
This started an incredible journey.
65
200000
3000
Tako je počelo jedno neverovatno putovanje.
03:35
Curious encounters were happening to me at the time;
66
203000
2000
U to vreme sam imala neobične susrete.
03:37
I'd been accepting numerous invitations to speak
67
205000
3000
Prihvatala sam brojne pozive da govorim
03:40
on the design of the cheetah legs around the world.
68
208000
3000
širom sveta o konstrukciji nogu po uzoru na noge geparda.
03:43
And people would come up to me after the conference, after my talk,
69
211000
3000
Ljudi su mi prilazili posle konferencija, posle mog izlaganja,
03:46
men and women.
70
214000
2000
i muškarci i žene.
03:48
And the conversation would go something like this,
71
216000
2000
I obično bi razgovor tekao ovako:
03:50
"You know Aimee, you're very attractive.
72
218000
4000
"Znaš, Ejmi, ti si veoma privlačna osoba.
03:54
You don't look disabled."
73
222000
2000
Ne izgledaš kao invalid."
03:56
(Laughter)
74
224000
1000
(Smeh)
03:57
I thought, "Well, that's amazing,
75
225000
2000
Tad bih pomislila: "Prosto neverovatno,
03:59
because I don't feel disabled."
76
227000
2000
pošto se i ne osećam kao invalid."
04:01
And it really opened my eyes to this conversation
77
229000
5000
I to mi je zapravo ukazalo da bi se ta interakcija
04:06
that could be explored, about beauty.
78
234000
2000
vezana za lepotu, mogla istražiti.
04:08
What does a beautiful woman have to look like?
79
236000
3000
Kako treba da izgleda lepa žena?
04:11
What is a sexy body?
80
239000
2000
Šta je seksi telo?
04:13
And interestingly, from an identity standpoint,
81
241000
2000
I, ono što je zanimljivo, sa stanovišta identiteta,
04:15
what does it mean to have a disability?
82
243000
3000
šta znači biti invalid?
04:18
I mean, people -- Pamela Anderson has more prosthetic in her body than I do.
83
246000
3000
Pa razmislite, Pamela Anderson ima u sebi više protetike nego ja.
04:21
Nobody calls her disabled.
84
249000
2000
I niko je ne zove invalidom.
04:23
(Laughter)
85
251000
5000
(Smeh)
04:29
So this magazine, through the hands of graphic designer Peter Saville,
86
257000
4000
Dakle, taj časopis je, preko grafičkog dizajnera Pitera Sevila,
04:33
went to fashion designer Alexander McQueen, and photographer Nick Knight,
87
261000
5000
stigao do modnog kreatora Aleksandra MekKvina i fotografa Nika Najta
04:38
who were also interested in exploring that conversation.
88
266000
2000
koji su takođe bili zainteresovani da istraže tu interakciju.
04:40
So, three months after TED I found myself on a plane
89
268000
3000
Tako sam se tri meseca posle TED-a našla u avionu
04:43
to London, doing my first fashion shoot,
90
271000
5000
za London, gde sam imala svoju prvu modnu foto-sesiju
04:48
which resulted in this cover --
91
276000
1000
čiji je rezultat ova naslovna stranica.
04:49
"Fashion-able"?
92
277000
3000
Fashion-able? /igra reči: modno sposoban/
04:52
Three months after that, I did my first runway show for Alexander McQueen
93
280000
4000
Tri meseca kasnije, prvi put sam nastupila na modnoj reviji Aleksandra MekKvina
04:56
on a pair of hand-carved wooden legs made from solid ash.
94
284000
5000
hodajući na paru ručno rezbarenih drvenih nogu od pune jasenovine.
05:01
Nobody knew -- everyone thought they were wooden boots.
95
289000
3000
Niko to nije znao - svi su mislili da se radi o drvenim čizmama.
05:04
Actually, I have them on stage with me:
96
292000
2000
Zapravo, imam ih ovde kod sebe.
05:07
grapevines, magnolias -- truly stunning.
97
295000
4000
S izrezbarenom vinovom lozom, magnolijama, zaista su neverovatne.
05:12
Poetry matters.
98
300000
3000
Bitan je poetski element.
05:15
Poetry is what elevates the banal and neglected object
99
303000
5000
Poezija je ta koja jedan banalan i zanemaren predmet uzdiže
05:20
to a realm of art.
100
308000
2000
na nivo umetnosti.
05:22
It can transform the thing that might have made people fearful
101
310000
6000
Ona može da transformiše nešto čega se ljudi boje
05:28
into something that invites them to look,
102
316000
2000
u nešto što ih mami da pogledaju,
05:30
and look a little longer,
103
318000
3000
da bace jedan duži pogled,
05:33
and maybe even understand.
104
321000
2000
i možda to čak i razumeju.
05:35
I learned this firsthand with my next adventure.
105
323000
4000
To sam lično iskusila tokom svoje sledeće avanture.
05:39
The artist Matthew Barney, in his film opus called the "The Cremaster Cycle."
106
327000
4000
Umetnik Metju Barni, u svom filmskom ciklusu po imenu "Cremaster"
05:43
This is where it really hit home for me --
107
331000
3000
Tad mi je u stvari sinulo
05:46
that my legs could be wearable sculpture.
108
334000
2000
da bi moje noge mogle da budu nosiva skulptura.
05:48
And even at this point, I started to move away from the need to replicate human-ness
109
336000
7000
I u tom trenutku počela sam da se udaljavam od potrebe da oponašam ono što je ljudsko
05:55
as the only aesthetic ideal.
110
343000
2000
kao jedini estetski ideal.
05:57
So we made what people lovingly referred to as glass legs
111
345000
4000
Tako smo stvorili noge koje ljudi od milošte nazivaju staklenim,
06:01
even though they're actually optically clear polyurethane,
112
349000
4000
mada se radi o prozirnom poliuretanu,
06:05
a.k.a. bowling ball material.
113
353000
2000
tj. materijalu od kojeg se prave kugle za kuglanje.
06:07
Heavy!
114
355000
1000
Što su teške!
06:08
Then we made these legs that are cast in soil
115
356000
2000
Onda smo napravili noge izlivene od zemlje,
06:10
with a potato root system growing in them, and beetroots out the top,
116
358000
4000
sa sistemom korena krompira u njima i cveklama na vrhu,
06:14
and a very lovely brass toe.
117
362000
2000
i veoma lepim mesinganim prstom.
06:16
That's a good close-up of that one.
118
364000
2000
To je veoma dobar krupni plan.
06:18
Then another character was a half-woman, half-cheetah --
119
366000
2000
Zatim još jedan lik: pola žena - pola gepard,
06:20
a little homage to my life as an athlete.
120
368000
2000
kojim je odata počast meni kao atletičarki.
06:22
14 hours of prosthetic make-up
121
370000
3000
Trebalo je 14 sati protetskog šminkanja
06:25
to get into a creature that had articulated paws,
122
373000
4000
da bi se stvorilo biće sa zglobnim šapama
06:29
claws and a tail that whipped around,
123
377000
4000
kandžama i repom kojim maše
06:33
like a gecko.
124
381000
2000
kao neki gušter.
06:35
(Laughter)
125
383000
1000
(Smeh)
06:37
And then another pair of legs we collaborated on were these --
126
385000
4000
Zatim, još jedan par nogu na kojima smo sarađivali...
06:41
look like jellyfish legs,
127
389000
2000
To su ove, koje izgledaju kao meduze.
06:43
also polyurethane.
128
391000
2000
Takođe od poliuretana.
06:45
And the only purpose that these legs can serve,
129
393000
3000
Jedino čemu ove noge mogu da služe,
06:48
outside the context of the film,
130
396000
3000
van konteksta filma,
06:51
is to provoke the senses and ignite the imagination.
131
399000
3000
jeste da pokrenu čula i podstaknu maštu.
06:54
So whimsy matters.
132
402000
3000
Dakle, kapric ima smisla.
06:57
Today, I have over a dozen pair of prosthetic legs
133
405000
6000
Trenutno imam više od dvanaest pari proteza za noge
07:03
that various people have made for me,
134
411000
2000
koje su za mene napravili razni ljudi,
07:05
and with them I have different negotiations of the terrain under my feet,
135
413000
4000
pomoću njih mogu da imam različite odnose s tlom kojim hodam,
07:09
and I can change my height --
136
417000
2000
mogu da menjam visinu.
07:11
I have a variable of five different heights.
137
419000
2000
Raspolažem s pet različitih visina.
07:13
(Laughter)
138
421000
2000
(Smeh)
07:15
Today, I'm 6'1".
139
423000
2000
Danas sam visoka 185 cm.
07:17
And I had these legs made a little over a year ago
140
425000
3000
Ove noge mi je pre nešto više od godinu dana
07:20
at Dorset Orthopedic in England
141
428000
2000
napravila firma Dorset Orthopaedic iz Engleske.
07:22
and when I brought them home to Manhattan,
142
430000
2000
Kad sam ih donela kući na Menhetn,
07:24
my first night out on the town, I went to a very fancy party.
143
432000
2000
i kad sam prvi put izašla, išla sam na veoma otmenu zabavu.
07:26
And a girl was there who has known me for years
144
434000
3000
Tamo je bila devojka koja me već godinama poznaje
07:29
at my normal 5'8".
145
437000
2000
s mojoj normalnom visinom, što je 172 cm.
07:31
Her mouth dropped open when she saw me,
146
439000
2000
Zinula je kad me je videla,
07:33
and she went, "But you're so tall!"
147
441000
3000
i rekla: "Kako si visoka!"
07:36
And I said, "I know. Isn't it fun?"
148
444000
2000
Odgovorila sam: "Znam. Smešno, je l' da?"
07:38
I mean, it's a little bit like wearing stilts on stilts,
149
446000
2000
Otprilike kao da sam na štule stavila štule.
07:40
but I have an entirely new relationship to door jams
150
448000
3000
Ali sad imam poputno novi odnos prema okvirima vrata
07:43
that I never expected I would ever have.
151
451000
2000
koji uopšte nisam očekivala.
07:45
And I was having fun with it.
152
453000
3000
I to me zabavlja.
07:48
And she looked at me,
153
456000
2000
Pogledala me je
07:50
and she said, "But, Aimee, that's not fair."
154
458000
2000
i rekla: "Ali, Ejmi, to nije fer."
07:52
(Laughter)
155
460000
3000
(Smeh)
07:55
(Applause)
156
463000
2000
(Aplauz)
07:57
And the incredible thing was she really meant it.
157
465000
4000
I, što je neverovatno, ona je to zaista mislila.
08:01
It's not fair that you can change your height,
158
469000
2000
Nije fer da možeš da menjaš visinu
08:03
as you want it.
159
471000
2000
kako ti se prohte.
08:05
And that's when I knew --
160
473000
2000
Tada sam shvatila -
08:07
that's when I knew that the conversation with society
161
475000
3000
shvatila sam da se interakcija s društvom
08:10
has changed profoundly
162
478000
2000
iz korena promenila
08:12
in this last decade.
163
480000
2000
tokom poslednje decenije.
08:14
It is no longer a conversation about overcoming deficiency.
164
482000
5000
Više se ne radi o prevazilaženju nedostataka
08:19
It's a conversation about augmentation.
165
487000
2000
već o povećanju.
08:21
It's a conversation about potential.
166
489000
4000
Predmet te interakcije jeste potencijal.
08:25
A prosthetic limb doesn't represent the need to replace loss anymore.
167
493000
5000
Veštački ekstremitet više nije samo zamena za nešto izgubljeno.
08:30
It can stand as a symbol that the wearer
168
498000
3000
On je simbol koji pokazuje da onaj koji ga nosi
08:33
has the power to create whatever it is that they want to create
169
501000
3000
ima moć da stvori šta god želi
08:36
in that space.
170
504000
2000
umesto njega.
08:38
So people that society once considered to be disabled
171
506000
3000
Tako da oni koje je društvo nekad smatralo hedikepiranima
08:41
can now become the architects of their own identities
172
509000
5000
sada mogu sami da grade svoj identitet
08:46
and indeed continue to change those identities
173
514000
2000
pa čak i da ga dalje menjaju
08:48
by designing their bodies
174
516000
2000
dizajnirajući svoje telo
08:50
from a place of empowerment.
175
518000
3000
kao neko ko na to ima pravo.
08:53
And what is exciting to me so much right now
176
521000
5000
Ono što mi se čni posebno uzbudljivim
08:58
is that by combining cutting-edge technology --
177
526000
4000
jeste to što se kombinovanjem najnovije tehnologije
09:02
robotics, bionics --
178
530000
2000
robotike, bionike,
09:04
with the age-old poetry,
179
532000
2000
i drevne poezije
09:06
we are moving closer to understanding our collective humanity.
180
534000
6000
približavamo shvatanju celog ljudskog roda.
09:12
I think that if we want to discover the full potential
181
540000
5000
Smatram da, ako želimo da otkrijemo sav potencijal
09:17
in our humanity,
182
545000
2000
naše ljudske vrste,
09:19
we need to celebrate those heartbreaking strengths
183
547000
4000
moramo da odamo počast tim dirljivim moćima
09:23
and those glorious disabilities that we all have.
184
551000
3000
i veličanstvenim hendikepima koje sve imamo.
09:26
I think of Shakespeare's Shylock:
185
554000
3000
Setila sam se šekspirovog Šajloka:
09:29
"If you prick us, do we not bleed,
186
557000
4000
Zar ja ne krvarim kad me ko poseče,
09:33
and if you tickle us, do we not laugh?"
187
561000
3000
zar se ne smejem kad me ko golica?"
09:36
It is our humanity,
188
564000
3000
Naša čovečnost
09:39
and all the potential within it,
189
567000
2000
i potencijal koji u njoj počiva
09:41
that makes us beautiful.
190
569000
3000
jesu ono što nas čini lepima.
09:44
Thank you.
191
572000
1000
Hvala.
09:45
(Applause)
192
573000
7000
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Aimee Mullins - Athlete and actorA record-breaker at the Paralympic Games in 1996, Aimee Mullins has built a career as a model, actor and advocate for women, sports and the next generation of prosthetics.
Why you should listen
Aimee Mullins was born without fibular bones, and had both of her legs amputated below the knee when she was an infant. She learned to walk on prosthetics, then to run -- competing at the national and international level as a champion sprinter, and setting world records at the 1996 Paralympics in Atlanta. At Georgetown, where she double-majored in history and diplomacy, she became the first double amputee to compete in NCAA Division 1 track and field.
After school, Mullins did some modeling -- including a legendary runway show for Alexander McQueen -- and then turned to acting, appearing as the Leopard Queen in Matthew Barney's Cremaster Cycle. In 2008 she was the official Ambassador for the Tribeca/ESPN Sports Film Festival.
She's a passionate advocate for a new kind of thinking about prosthetics, and recently mentioned to an interviewer that she's been looking closely at MIT's in-development powered robotic ankle, "which I fully plan on having."
Aimee Mullins | Speaker | TED.com