TED2009
Aimee Mullins: My 12 pairs of legs
Aimee Mullins i njenih dvanaest pari nogu
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Sportašica, glumica i aktivistica Aimee Mullins govori o svojim umjetnim nogama -- ima dvanaest nevjerojatnih pari -- i super moćima koje joj podaruju: brzina, ljepota i dodatnih 6 inča (15.2 cm) visine... Na sasvim jednostavan način, daje novu definiciju mogućnosti tijela.
Aimee Mullins - Athlete and actor
A record-breaker at the Paralympic Games in 1996, Aimee Mullins has built a career as a model, actor and advocate for women, sports and the next generation of prosthetics. Full bio
A record-breaker at the Paralympic Games in 1996, Aimee Mullins has built a career as a model, actor and advocate for women, sports and the next generation of prosthetics. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
I was speaking to a group of about 300 kids,
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Razgovarala sam sa skupinom od oko 300 djece,
00:15
ages six to eight, at a children's museum,
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dobi od šest do osam godina, u muzeju za djecu,
00:17
and I brought with me a bag full of legs,
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i sa sobom sam donijela vreću punu nogu,
00:21
similar to the kinds of things you see up here,
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sličnu onima koje vidite ovdje,
00:23
and had them laid out on a table for the kids.
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i položila sam ih na stol, za djecu.
00:25
And, from my experience, you know, kids are naturally curious
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I, iz mog iskustva, kao što znate, djeca su prirodno znatiželjna
00:29
about what they don't know, or don't understand,
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o onome što ne poznaju ili ne razumiju,
00:31
or is foreign to them.
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ili im je strano.
00:33
They only learn to be frightened of those differences
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Ona samo nauče bojati se razlika
00:35
when an adult influences them to behave that way,
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kada odrasla osoba utječe na njih da se ponašaju tako,
00:38
and maybe censors that natural curiosity,
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i možda sputava tu prirodnu znatiželju,
00:41
or you know, reins in the question-asking
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ili ih zaustavlja u postavljanju pitanja
00:44
in the hopes of them being polite little kids.
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u želji da budu pristojna mala djeca.
00:46
So I just pictured a first grade teacher out in the lobby
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Pa, samo sam zamislila učiteljicu prvog razreda vani u predvorju
00:50
with these unruly kids, saying, "Now, whatever you do,
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s tom nestašnom djecom, kako im govori, "Sad, što god činili,
00:53
don't stare at her legs."
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nemojte joj zuriti u noge."
00:55
But, of course, that's the point.
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Ali, naravno, to i je poanta.
00:57
That's why I was there, I wanted to invite them to look and explore.
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Zato sam i bila tamo, željela sam ih pozvati da vide i istraže.
01:00
So I made a deal with the adults
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Stoga sam se dogovorila s odraslima
01:04
that the kids could come in without any adults for two minutes
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da djeca mogu ući, bez ijednog odraslog, na dvije minute,
01:07
on their own.
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sami.
01:09
The doors open, the kids descend on this table of legs,
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Vrata se otvaraju, djeca se spuštaju na taj stol nogu,
01:13
and they are poking and prodding, and they're wiggling toes,
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i oni bockaju i gurkaju, i mrdaju prste,
01:16
and they're trying to put their full weight on the sprinting leg
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i pokušavaju se cijelom težinom osloniti na nogu za trčanje
01:18
to see what happens with that.
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kako bi vidjeli što će se dogoditi s tim.
01:20
And I said, "Kids, really quickly --
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I rekla sam, "Djeco, jako brzo --
01:22
I woke up this morning, I decided I wanted to be able to jump over a house --
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Probudila sam se ovo jutro, i odlučila da želim moći preskočiti kuću --
01:26
nothing too big, two or three stories --
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ne preveliku, samo dva tri kata --
01:28
but, if you could think of any animal, any superhero, any cartoon character,
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ali, ako bi se vi mogli sjetiti neke životinje, bilo kojeg superheroja, ikojeg crtanog lika,
01:33
anything you can dream up right now,
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bilo čega što možete izmisliti baš sada,
01:35
what kind of legs would you build me?"
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kakve bi ste mi noge sagradili?
01:37
And immediately a voice shouted, "Kangaroo!"
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I smjesta je glas zavikao, "Klokan!"
01:40
"No, no, no! Should be a frog!"
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"Ne, ne, ne!" Trebala bi biti žaba!"
01:42
"No. It should be Go Go Gadget!"
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"Ne. To bi trebao biti Go Go Gadget!"
01:44
"No, no, no! It should be the Incredibles."
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"Ne, ne, ne! To bi trebali biti Izbavitelji (The Incredibles):"
01:46
And other things that I don't -- aren't familiar with.
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I rekli su i druge stvari koje ne -- s kojima nisam upoznata.
01:49
And then, one eight-year-old said,
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I tada, je jedna osmogodišnjakinja rekla,
01:51
"Hey, why wouldn't you want to fly too?"
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"Hej, pa zašto ne želiš i letjeti?"
01:56
And the whole room, including me, was like, "Yeah."
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I cijela soba zajedno samnom je rekla "Pa da."
01:59
(Laughter)
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--
02:01
And just like that, I went from being a woman
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I točno tako, postala sam iz žene
02:04
that these kids would have been trained to see as "disabled"
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koju bi ta djeca naučila gledati kao nekog s invaliditetom
02:08
to somebody that had potential that their bodies didn't have yet.
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u nekog tko ima potencijal koji njihova tijela još nemaju.
02:13
Somebody that might even be super-abled.
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Netko tko bi čak mogao imati i izvanredne sposobnosti.
02:15
Interesting.
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Zanimljivo.
02:17
So some of you actually saw me at TED, 11 years ago.
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Neki od vas su me zaista vidjeli na TED-u, prije jedanaest godina,
02:22
And there's been a lot of talk about how life-changing this conference is
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i bilo je mnogo razgovora o tome kako ova konferencija mijenja život
02:26
for both speakers and attendees, and I am no exception.
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govornicima i sudionicima, i ja nisam iznimka.
02:30
TED literally was the launch pad to the next decade of my life's exploration.
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TED je doslovno bio odskočna daska za slijedeće desetljeće istraživanja mog života.
02:36
At the time, the legs I presented were groundbreaking in prosthetics.
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U to vrijeme, noge koje sam predstavila bile su novost u protetici.
02:41
I had woven carbon fiber sprinting legs
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imala sam trkače noge od tkanih karbonskih vlakana
02:43
modeled after the hind leg of a cheetah,
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oblikovane po stražnjoj nozi gepra,
02:45
which you may have seen on stage yesterday.
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koje ste možda vidjeli na pozornici jučer.
02:47
And also these very life-like, intrinsically painted silicone legs.
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Također kao i ove vrlo uvjerljive, istinski obojene silikonske noge.
02:53
So at the time, it was my opportunity to put a call out
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Tako da sam u to vrijeme imala moju priliku pozvati
02:57
to innovators outside the traditional medical prosthetic community
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inovatore izvan tradicionalne medicinske protetičke zajednice
03:01
to come bring their talent to the science and to the art
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da donesu svoj talent znanosti i umjetnosti
03:05
of building legs.
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izrađivanja nogu.
03:07
So that we can stop compartmentalizing form, function and aesthetic,
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Tako da možemo zaustaviti dijeljenje oblika, funkcije i estetike,
03:12
and assigning them different values.
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i dodijeliti im druge vrijednosti.
03:14
Well, lucky for me, a lot of people answered that call.
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Pa, na moju sreću, mnogo se ljudi odazvalo tom pozivu.
03:18
And the journey started, funny enough, with a TED conference attendee --
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I putovanje je počelo, baš smiješno, s sudionikom TED konferencije --
03:23
Chee Pearlman, who hopefully is in the audience somewhere today.
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Chee Pearlman, koja je nadam se danas ovdje u publici.
03:26
She was the editor then of a magazine called ID,
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Ona je bila urednica časopisa ID,
03:29
and she gave me a cover story.
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i napisala je raportažu s naslovnice o meni.
03:32
This started an incredible journey.
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To je započelo jedno nevjerojatno putovanje.
03:35
Curious encounters were happening to me at the time;
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Zanimljivi susreti su mi se događali u to vrijeme;
03:37
I'd been accepting numerous invitations to speak
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Primala sam brojne pozivnice za govore
03:40
on the design of the cheetah legs around the world.
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o dizajnu nogu geparda diljem svijeta.
03:43
And people would come up to me after the conference, after my talk,
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Ljudi bi mi prilazili poslije konferencije, nakon mog govora,
03:46
men and women.
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muškarci i žene.
03:48
And the conversation would go something like this,
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I razgovor bi išao otprilike ovako,
03:50
"You know Aimee, you're very attractive.
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"Znaš Aimee, ti si vrlo zgodna.
03:54
You don't look disabled."
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Ne izgledaš kao osoba s invaliditetom."
03:56
(Laughter)
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--
03:57
I thought, "Well, that's amazing,
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Mislila sam, "Pa to zapanjujuće,
03:59
because I don't feel disabled."
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jer se ja i ne osjećam kao osoba s invaliditetom."
04:01
And it really opened my eyes to this conversation
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I to mi je zaista otvorilo oči o ovom razgovoru
04:06
that could be explored, about beauty.
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koji bi se moga istražiti, o ljepoti.
04:08
What does a beautiful woman have to look like?
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Kako treba izgledati lijepa žena?
04:11
What is a sexy body?
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Što je to seksi tijelo?
04:13
And interestingly, from an identity standpoint,
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I zanimljivo, sa stajališta identiteta,
04:15
what does it mean to have a disability?
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što to znači imati nedostatak?
04:18
I mean, people -- Pamela Anderson has more prosthetic in her body than I do.
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Mislim, ljudi -- Pamela Anderson ima više protetike u svom tijelu od mene.
04:21
Nobody calls her disabled.
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Nitko nju ne zove invalidom.
04:23
(Laughter)
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--
04:29
So this magazine, through the hands of graphic designer Peter Saville,
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Tako da je taj časopis, u rukama grafičkog dizajnera Petera Saville,
04:33
went to fashion designer Alexander McQueen, and photographer Nick Knight,
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surađivao s modnim dizajnerom Alexanderom McQueenom i fotografom Nickom Knightom,
04:38
who were also interested in exploring that conversation.
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koju su također bili zainteresirani istraživati ovaj razgovor.
04:40
So, three months after TED I found myself on a plane
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I tako, tri mjeseca nakon TED-a bila sam na avionu
04:43
to London, doing my first fashion shoot,
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za London i moje prvo modno snimanje,
04:48
which resulted in this cover --
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a posljedica njega je ova naslovnica.
04:49
"Fashion-able"?
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Modno-sposobna?
04:52
Three months after that, I did my first runway show for Alexander McQueen
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Tri mjeseca poslije toga, prvi put sam prošetala modnom pistom za Alexandera McQueena
04:56
on a pair of hand-carved wooden legs made from solid ash.
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na paru ručno rezbarenih drvenih nogu od čvrstog jasena.
05:01
Nobody knew -- everyone thought they were wooden boots.
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Nitko nije znao -- svi su mislili da su to drvene čizme.
05:04
Actually, I have them on stage with me:
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Zapravo, imam ih sad na pozornici samnom:
05:07
grapevines, magnolias -- truly stunning.
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Vinova loza, magnolije, uistinu zadivljujuće.
05:12
Poetry matters.
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Poezija je važna.
05:15
Poetry is what elevates the banal and neglected object
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Poezija je ono što uzdiže banalan i zanemaren objekt
05:20
to a realm of art.
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u carstvo umjetnosti.
05:22
It can transform the thing that might have made people fearful
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Može pretvoriti nešto što je izazivalo ljudima strah
05:28
into something that invites them to look,
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u nešto što ih poziva da gledaju,
05:30
and look a little longer,
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i gledaju još malo dulje,
05:33
and maybe even understand.
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i onda možda čak shvate.
05:35
I learned this firsthand with my next adventure.
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Naučila sam ovo iz prve ruke na mojoj slijedećoj pustolovini.
05:39
The artist Matthew Barney, in his film opus called the "The Cremaster Cycle."
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Umjetnik Matthew Barney, u svom filmskom djelu ciklus "Kremaster"
05:43
This is where it really hit home for me --
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Tada sam zaista shvatila --
05:46
that my legs could be wearable sculpture.
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da moje noge mogu biti nosiva skluptura.
05:48
And even at this point, I started to move away from the need to replicate human-ness
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i u tom trenutku, sam čak počela odmicati od potrebe da oponašam ljudskost
05:55
as the only aesthetic ideal.
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kao jedini estetski ideal.
05:57
So we made what people lovingly referred to as glass legs
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Tako da smo napravili ono što ljudi iz ljubavi nazivaju staklene noge
06:01
even though they're actually optically clear polyurethane,
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iako su zapravo napravljene od prozirnog poliuretana,
06:05
a.k.a. bowling ball material.
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tj. materijala od kojeg se rade kugle za kuglanje.
06:07
Heavy!
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Težak!
06:08
Then we made these legs that are cast in soil
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Onda smo napravili ove noge koje su odlivene od tla
06:10
with a potato root system growing in them, and beetroots out the top,
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s korijenom krompira koji raste u njima i ciklom koja izlazi na vhu,
06:14
and a very lovely brass toe.
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i jednim ljupkim mjedenim palcem.
06:16
That's a good close-up of that one.
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Ovdje je dobra uvećana slika toga.
06:18
Then another character was a half-woman, half-cheetah --
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I onda još jedan lik koji je bio pola žena, pola gepard --
06:20
a little homage to my life as an athlete.
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malo odavanje počasti mom životu kao sportašice.
06:22
14 hours of prosthetic make-up
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14 sati protetičke šminke
06:25
to get into a creature that had articulated paws,
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kako bi postala biće koje ima zglobne šape,
06:29
claws and a tail that whipped around,
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kanđe i rep koji je lupao okolo,
06:33
like a gecko.
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kao macaklin.
06:35
(Laughter)
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--
06:37
And then another pair of legs we collaborated on were these --
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I onda još jedan par nogu na kojima smo surađivali su bile ove...
06:41
look like jellyfish legs,
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koje izgledaju kao krakovi meduze.
06:43
also polyurethane.
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Također poliuretan.
06:45
And the only purpose that these legs can serve,
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I jedina svrha koju ove noge imaju,
06:48
outside the context of the film,
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izvan konteksta filma,
06:51
is to provoke the senses and ignite the imagination.
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je da izazaivaju čula i zapaljuju maštu.
06:54
So whimsy matters.
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Tako da je hir važan.
06:57
Today, I have over a dozen pair of prosthetic legs
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Danas, imam više od dvanaest pari umjetnih nogu
07:03
that various people have made for me,
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koje su razni ljudi napravili za mene,
07:05
and with them I have different negotiations of the terrain under my feet,
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i s njima drugačije savladavam tlo pod nogama.
07:09
and I can change my height --
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I mogu mijenjati visinu --
07:11
I have a variable of five different heights.
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Imam pet različitih visina.
07:13
(Laughter)
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--
07:15
Today, I'm 6'1".
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Danas sam visoka 6'1" inča (185.42 cm).
07:17
And I had these legs made a little over a year ago
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I ove noge su mi napravili prije malo više od godine
07:20
at Dorset Orthopedic in England
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u Dorset Orthopaedic u Engleskoj
07:22
and when I brought them home to Manhattan,
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i onda sam ih donijela sobom na Manhattan,
07:24
my first night out on the town, I went to a very fancy party.
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i moje prve večeri vani u gradu, otišla sam na vrlo elegantnu zabavu.
07:26
And a girl was there who has known me for years
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I tamo je bila djevojka koja me poznavala godinama
07:29
at my normal 5'8".
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s mojom normalnom visinom 5'8" (172.72 cm).
07:31
Her mouth dropped open when she saw me,
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Njena usta su se širom otvorila kad me ugledala,
07:33
and she went, "But you're so tall!"
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i rekla je, "Ali ti si tako visoka!"
07:36
And I said, "I know. Isn't it fun?"
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I ja sam odgovorila, "Znam. Zar to nije zabavno?"
07:38
I mean, it's a little bit like wearing stilts on stilts,
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Mislim, to je malo slično kao nošenje štula na štulama,
07:40
but I have an entirely new relationship to door jams
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ali sad imam sasvim novi odnos s okvirima vrata
07:43
that I never expected I would ever have.
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koji nikad nisam očekivala da ću imati.
07:45
And I was having fun with it.
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I to me zabavljalo.
07:48
And she looked at me,
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I ona me pogledala,
07:50
and she said, "But, Aimee, that's not fair."
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i rekla, "Ali, Aimee, to nije pošteno."
07:52
(Laughter)
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--
07:55
(Applause)
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--
07:57
And the incredible thing was she really meant it.
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I nevjerojatna stvar je bila što je to zaista mislila.
08:01
It's not fair that you can change your height,
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Nije pošteno da možeš mijenjati visinu,
08:03
as you want it.
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kako želiš.
08:05
And that's when I knew --
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I tada sam znala --
08:07
that's when I knew that the conversation with society
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Tada sam znala da se razgovor s društvom
08:10
has changed profoundly
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duboko promijenio
08:12
in this last decade.
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u prošlom desetljeću.
08:14
It is no longer a conversation about overcoming deficiency.
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To više nije razgovor o prevladavanju nedostatka.
08:19
It's a conversation about augmentation.
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To je razgovor o povećanju.
08:21
It's a conversation about potential.
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To je razgovor o potencijalu.
08:25
A prosthetic limb doesn't represent the need to replace loss anymore.
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Proteza više ne predstavlja potrebu da zamijeni gubitak.
08:30
It can stand as a symbol that the wearer
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Može biti simbol da nositelj
08:33
has the power to create whatever it is that they want to create
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ima moć stvoriti bilo što što zaželi
08:36
in that space.
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na tom mjestu.
08:38
So people that society once considered to be disabled
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Pa ljudi koje je društvo nekoć smatralo hendikepiranima
08:41
can now become the architects of their own identities
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mogu danas biti arhitekti svog vlastitog identiteta
08:46
and indeed continue to change those identities
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i doista nastaviti mijenjati te identitete
08:48
by designing their bodies
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dizajniranjem svog tijela
08:50
from a place of empowerment.
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u svrhu osnaživanja.
08:53
And what is exciting to me so much right now
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I što je meni toliko uzbudljivo sada
08:58
is that by combining cutting-edge technology --
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je to da se sjedinjenjem najsuvremenije tehnologije --
09:02
robotics, bionics --
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robotike, bioelektronike --
09:04
with the age-old poetry,
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s prastarom poezijom,
09:06
we are moving closer to understanding our collective humanity.
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se približavamo bliže razumijevanju našeg cjelokupnog čovječanstva.
09:12
I think that if we want to discover the full potential
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Mislim da ako želimo otkriti puni potencijal
09:17
in our humanity,
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našeg čovječanstva,
09:19
we need to celebrate those heartbreaking strengths
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moramo slaviti te dirljive odlike
09:23
and those glorious disabilities that we all have.
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i te dične nedostatke koje mi svi imamo.
09:26
I think of Shakespeare's Shylock:
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Mislim o Shakespearovom Shylocku:
09:29
"If you prick us, do we not bleed,
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"Ako nas ubodete, zar ne krvarimo?
09:33
and if you tickle us, do we not laugh?"
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i ako nas golicate, zar se ne smijemo?"
09:36
It is our humanity,
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Naša humanost,
09:39
and all the potential within it,
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i mogućnosti unutar nje,
09:41
that makes us beautiful.
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su ono što nas čini lijepima.
09:44
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
09:45
(Applause)
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--
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Aimee Mullins - Athlete and actorA record-breaker at the Paralympic Games in 1996, Aimee Mullins has built a career as a model, actor and advocate for women, sports and the next generation of prosthetics.
Why you should listen
Aimee Mullins was born without fibular bones, and had both of her legs amputated below the knee when she was an infant. She learned to walk on prosthetics, then to run -- competing at the national and international level as a champion sprinter, and setting world records at the 1996 Paralympics in Atlanta. At Georgetown, where she double-majored in history and diplomacy, she became the first double amputee to compete in NCAA Division 1 track and field.
After school, Mullins did some modeling -- including a legendary runway show for Alexander McQueen -- and then turned to acting, appearing as the Leopard Queen in Matthew Barney's Cremaster Cycle. In 2008 she was the official Ambassador for the Tribeca/ESPN Sports Film Festival.
She's a passionate advocate for a new kind of thinking about prosthetics, and recently mentioned to an interviewer that she's been looking closely at MIT's in-development powered robotic ankle, "which I fully plan on having."
Aimee Mullins | Speaker | TED.com