ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessa Gamble - Writer
Jessa Gamble writes about sleep and time, showing how our internal body clock struggles against our always-on global culture.

Why you should listen

Jessa Gamble is an award-winning writer from Oxford, who lives in the Canadian Subarctic. Now that humanity has spread right to the Earth's poles and adopted a 24-hour business day, Gamble argues that our internal clocks struggle against our urban schedules. Her work documents the rituals surrounding daily rhythms, which along with local languages and beliefs are losing their rich global diversity and succumbing to a kind of circadian imperialism.

A dynamic new voice in popular science, Gamble was awarded a 2007 Science in Society journalism award from the Canadian Science Writers Association for her first-person account of daily life at the Eureka High Arctic Weather Station. She is the author of Siesta and The Midnight Sun: How We Measure and Experience Time.

More profile about the speaker
Jessa Gamble | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2010

Jessa Gamble: Our natural sleep cycle is nothing like what we do now

Džesa Gembl: Naš prirodni ciklus spavanja

Filmed:
3,071,823 views

U današnjem svetu, balansirajući školu, posao, decu i još mnogo toga, većina nas može samo da se nada preporučenim osam sati spavanja. Ispitujući nauku u pozadini našeg unutrašnjeg sata, Džesa Gembl otkriva iznenađujući i fundamentalan program odmaranja koji bi trebalo da posmatramo.
- Writer
Jessa Gamble writes about sleep and time, showing how our internal body clock struggles against our always-on global culture. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
Let's startпочетак with day and night.
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Hajde da počnemo sa danom i noći.
00:18
Life evolvedеволуирао underиспод conditionsуслови
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Život je evoluirao pod uslovima
00:20
of lightсветло and darknessтама,
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svetla i mraka,
00:22
lightсветло and then darknessтама.
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svetlost, a onda mrak.
00:24
And so plantsбиљке and animalsЖивотиње
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Biljke i životinje
00:26
developedразвијен theirњихова ownвластити internalинтерни clockssatovi
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su razvile svoje sopstvene unutrašnje satove
00:28
so that they would be readyспреман for these changesПромене in lightсветло.
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da bi bili spremni za ove promene u svetlosti.
00:30
These are chemicalхемијски clockssatovi,
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Ovo su hemijski satovi
00:32
and they're foundнашао in everyсваки knownпознат beingбиће that has two or more cellsћелије
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i nađeni su u svakom poznatom organizmu koji ima dve ili više ćelija
00:35
and in some that only have one cellмобилни.
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i u nekim koji imaju samo jednu ćeliju.
00:38
I'll give you an exampleпример --
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Daću vam primer.
00:40
if you take a horseshoeпоткова crabKraba off the beachплажа,
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Ako uzmete merostomatu (vrsta krabe) sa plaže
00:42
and you flyлети it all the way acrossпреко the continentконтинент,
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i odnesete je na drugu stranu kontinenta
00:44
and you dropкап it into a slopednagnuto cagekavez,
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i stavite je u kavez sa kosim dnom,
00:47
it will scramblekajgana up the floorпод of the cagekavez
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ona će se popeti uz pod kaveza
00:49
as the tideплима is risingу порасту
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kako se plima diže
00:51
on its home shoresobala,
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na obalama mesta odakle je uzeta,
00:53
and it'llто ће skitterSkiterske down again right as the waterвода is recedingpovlaиi
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a spustiće se tačno kada se voda spušta
00:55
thousandsхиљаде of milesмиља away.
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hiljadama milja daleko.
00:58
It'llTo cu do this for weeksнедељама,
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To će raditi nedeljama
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untilсве док it kindкинд of graduallyпостепено losesizgubi the plotпарцела.
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dok postepeno ne izgubi naviku.
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And it's incredibleневероватан to watch,
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To je zanimljivo gledati,
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but there's nothing psychicvidovnjak or paranormalпаранормално going on;
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ali nema tu nečeg vidovitog ili paranormalnog,
01:07
it's simplyједноставно that these crabsраковице have internalинтерни cyclesциклуса
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samo je to da ove krabe imaju unutrašnje satove
01:10
that correspondodgovaraju, usuallyобично, with what's going on around it.
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koji korespondiraju, obično, sa onim što se događa oko njih.
01:15
So, we have this abilityспособност as well.
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Dakle, mi imamo ovu mogućnost takođe.
01:17
And in humansљуди, we call it the "bodyтело clockсат."
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I kod čoveka mi ga zovemo telesni sat.
01:20
You can see this mostнајвише clearlyјасно when you take away someone'sНеко је watch
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Ovo najjasnije možete videti kada uzmete nekom ručni sat
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and you shutзатворите them into a bunkerbunker, deepдубоко undergroundпод земљом,
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i kada ga zatvorite u bunker, duboko ispod zemlje
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for a coupleпар of monthsмесеци. (LaughterSmeh)
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na nekoliko meseci.
01:28
People actuallyзаправо volunteerволонтер for this,
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Ljudi se, ustvari, dobrovoljno prijavljuju za ovo
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and they usuallyобично come out
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i obično izađu
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kindкинд of ravingKidisao je na njega about theirњихова productiveпродуктиван time in the holeрупа.
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pričajući oduševljeno o svom produktivnom vremenu u rupi.
01:34
So, no matterматерија how atypicalatipiиno these subjectsпредмети would have to be,
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Dakle, bez obzira koliko su neobični ovi subjekti
01:37
they all showсхов the sameисти thing.
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svi oni pokazuju istu stvar.
01:39
They get up just a little bitмало laterкасније everyсваки day -- say 15 minutesминута or so --
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Oni ustaju po malo kasnije svakog dana -- recimo 15 minuta ili tako --
01:42
and they kindкинд of driftзаношење all the way around the clockсат like this
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i oni, u neku ruku, odstupaju od sata ovako
01:45
over the courseкурс of the weeksнедељама.
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tokom nedelja.
01:47
And so, in this way we know that they are workingрад on theirњихова ownвластити internalинтерни clockssatovi,
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I tako, na ovaj način, mi znamo da oni rade po svojim unutrašnjim satovima,
01:50
ratherприлично than somehowнекако sensingсенсинг the day outsideспоља.
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pre nego da nekako osećaju dan napolju.
01:54
So fine, we have a bodyтело clockсат,
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Dakle dobro, mi imamo telesni sat
01:56
and it turnsокреће се out that it's incrediblyневероватно importantважно in our livesживи.
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i kako je ispalo on je veoma važan u našim životima.
01:59
It's a hugeогромно driverвозач for cultureкултура
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Veliki je pokretač kulture
02:01
and I think that it's the mostнајвише underratedpodcenio forceсила on our behaviorпонашање.
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i mislim da je najpotcenjenija sila našeg ponašanja.
02:07
We evolvedеволуирао as a speciesврсте nearблизу the equatorekvator,
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Evoluirali smo kao vrsta blizu ekvatora
02:09
and so we're very well-equippeddobro opremljena
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i tako smo potpuno opremljeni
02:11
to dealдоговор with 12 hoursсати of daylightbela dana
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da se nosimo sa 12 sati dnevnog svetla
02:13
and 12 hoursсати of darknessтама.
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i 12 sati mraka.
02:15
But of courseкурс, we'veми смо spreadширити to everyсваки cornerугао of the globeглобус
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Ali naravno, rasprostranili smo se u svaki kutak sveta
02:17
and in ArcticArktik CanadaKanada, where I liveживи,
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i u artičkoj Kanadi, gde ja živim,
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we have perpetualstalni daylightbela dana in summerлето
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imamo neprestanu dnevnu svetlost leti
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and 24 hoursсати of darknessтама in winterзима.
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i 24 časa mraka zimi.
02:24
So the cultureкултура, the northernсеверно aboriginalaborigini cultureкултура,
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Dakle kultura, severna domorodačka kultura,
02:27
traditionallyтрадиционално has been highlyвисоко seasonalsezonski.
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je tradicionalno bila visoko sezonska.
02:29
In winterзима, there's a lot of sleepingспава going on;
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Zimi se mnogo spava.
02:32
you enjoyуживати your familyпородица life insideу.
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Uživaš u porodičnom životu unutra.
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And in summerлето, it's almostскоро manicManić huntingлов
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A leti, skoro manijakalno lovite
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and workingрад activityактивност very long hoursсати,
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i radite veoma dugo,
02:39
very activeактиван.
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vrlo aktivno.
02:42
So, what would our naturalприродно rhythmритам look like?
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Dakle, kako bi izgledao naš prirodni ritam?
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What would our sleepingспава patternsобрасци be
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Kako bi izgledali naši obrasci spavanja
02:47
in the sortврста of idealидеалан senseсмисао?
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u idealnom smislu?
02:50
Well, it turnsокреће се out
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Ispada da
02:52
that when people are livingживи
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kada ljudi žive
02:54
withoutбез any sortврста of artificialвештачки lightсветло at all,
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bez ikakve vrste veštačkog svetla,
02:56
they sleepспавај twiceдва пута everyсваки night.
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oni spavaju dva puta svake noći.
02:58
They go to bedкревет around 8:00 p.m.
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Idu u krevet oko 8 sati uveče
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untilсве док midnightponoć
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do ponoći
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and then again, they sleepспавај
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i onda opet, spavaju
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from about 2:00 a.m. untilсве док sunriseизлазак Сунца.
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od otprilike 2 sata ujutru do zore.
03:07
And in-betweenizmeđu, they have a coupleпар of hoursсати
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A između, imaju par sati
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of sortврста of meditativemeditativne quietтихо in bedкревет.
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neke vrste tihe meditacije u krevetu.
03:12
And duringу току this time,
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I u toku tog vremena,
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there's a surgedo porasta of prolactinprolaktina,
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dolazi do navale prolaktina
03:16
the likesсвиђа of whichкоја a modernмодеран day never seesвиди.
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kakvu moderan svet nikada ne vidi.
03:19
The people in these studiesстудије
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Ljudi u ovim studijama
03:21
reportизвештај feelingОсећај so awakebudan duringу току the daytimepreko dana,
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izveštavaju da se osećaju veoma budno u toku dana
03:23
that they realizeсхватите
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da shvataju
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they're experiencingдоживљава trueистина wakefulnessbudnosti
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da doživljavaju pravu budnost
03:27
for the first time in theirњихова livesживи.
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po prvi put u svom životu.
03:29
So, cutрез to the modernмодеран day.
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Dakle, da pređemo na moderno vreme.
03:31
We're livingживи in a cultureкултура of jetмлазни lagzbog razlike,
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Mi živimo u kulturi vremenske dezorijentacije,
03:33
globalглобално travelпутовање,
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svetska putovanja,
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24-hour-Да businessбизнис,
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24-časovni poslovi,
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shiftсмена work.
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rad u smenama.
03:41
And you know, our modernмодеран waysначини
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I, znate, naši moderni načini
03:43
of doing things
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bavljenja stvarima
03:45
have theirњихова advantagesпредности,
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imaju svoje prednosti,
03:47
but I believe we should understandРазумем the costsтрошкови.
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ali ja verujem da treba da razumemo cenu.
03:50
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
03:52
(ApplauseAplauz)
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(Aplauz)
Translated by Vanja Cakić
Reviewed by Elizabeta Petrovic

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessa Gamble - Writer
Jessa Gamble writes about sleep and time, showing how our internal body clock struggles against our always-on global culture.

Why you should listen

Jessa Gamble is an award-winning writer from Oxford, who lives in the Canadian Subarctic. Now that humanity has spread right to the Earth's poles and adopted a 24-hour business day, Gamble argues that our internal clocks struggle against our urban schedules. Her work documents the rituals surrounding daily rhythms, which along with local languages and beliefs are losing their rich global diversity and succumbing to a kind of circadian imperialism.

A dynamic new voice in popular science, Gamble was awarded a 2007 Science in Society journalism award from the Canadian Science Writers Association for her first-person account of daily life at the Eureka High Arctic Weather Station. She is the author of Siesta and The Midnight Sun: How We Measure and Experience Time.

More profile about the speaker
Jessa Gamble | Speaker | TED.com