ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessa Gamble - Writer
Jessa Gamble writes about sleep and time, showing how our internal body clock struggles against our always-on global culture.

Why you should listen

Jessa Gamble is an award-winning writer from Oxford, who lives in the Canadian Subarctic. Now that humanity has spread right to the Earth's poles and adopted a 24-hour business day, Gamble argues that our internal clocks struggle against our urban schedules. Her work documents the rituals surrounding daily rhythms, which along with local languages and beliefs are losing their rich global diversity and succumbing to a kind of circadian imperialism.

A dynamic new voice in popular science, Gamble was awarded a 2007 Science in Society journalism award from the Canadian Science Writers Association for her first-person account of daily life at the Eureka High Arctic Weather Station. She is the author of Siesta and The Midnight Sun: How We Measure and Experience Time.

More profile about the speaker
Jessa Gamble | Speaker | TED.com
TEDGlobal 2010

Jessa Gamble: Our natural sleep cycle is nothing like what we do now

Jessa Gamble: Naš prirodni ciklus spavanja

Filmed:
3,071,823 views

U današnjem svijetu, održavajući ravnotežu između škole, posla, djece i ostalog, većina nas može se samo nadati preporučenim osam sati sna. Proučavajući znanstvena objašnjenja našeg unutrašnjeg sata, Jessa Gamble nam otkriva iznenađujuć i značajan program odmora koji bismo trebali pratiti.
- Writer
Jessa Gamble writes about sleep and time, showing how our internal body clock struggles against our always-on global culture. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:16
Let's startpočetak with day and night.
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Započnimo s danom i noći.
00:18
Life evolvedrazvio underpod conditionsUvjeti
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Život je evoluirao u uvjetima
00:20
of lightsvjetlo and darknesstama,
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svjetla i tame,
00:22
lightsvjetlo and then darknesstama.
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svjetla, a onda tame.
00:24
And so plantsbilje and animalsživotinje
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I tako su biljke i životinje
00:26
developedrazvijen theirnjihov ownvlastiti internalinterni clocksSatovi
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razvile vlastite unutarnje satove
00:28
so that they would be readyspreman for these changespromjene in lightsvjetlo.
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kako bi bile spremne za te promjene u osvjetljenju.
00:30
These are chemicalkemijski clocksSatovi,
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To su kemijski satovi,
00:32
and they're foundpronađeno in everysvaki knownznan beingbiće that has two or more cellsStanice
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i postoje u svim poznatim bićima koja imaju dvije ili više stanica
00:35
and in some that only have one cellćelija.
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i u nekima koje imaju samo jednu stanicu.
00:38
I'll give you an exampleprimjer --
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Evo jedan primjer.
00:40
if you take a horseshoepotkova crabRakovica off the beachplaža,
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Ako uzmete potkovastog raka s plaže,
00:42
and you flyletjeti it all the way acrosspreko the continentkontinent,
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i ako ga prenesete na drugi kraj kontinenta,
00:44
and you droppad it into a slopedKos cagekavez,
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i ispustite ga u kavez s kosim dnom,
00:47
it will scrambleotimati up the floorkat of the cagekavez
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on će se početi verati po kosini
00:49
as the tideplima is risingrastući
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kako se plima diže
00:51
on its home shoresObala,
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na obalama od kuda je došao,
00:53
and it'llto će skitterskitter down again right as the watervoda is recedingodstupiti
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i spuštat će se dolje jednako tako kako se voda povlači
00:55
thousandstisuća of milesmilja away.
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1,000 milja daleko.
00:58
It'llTo ćete do this for weeksTjedni,
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Činit će to tjednima,
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untildo it kindljubazan of graduallypostepeno losesGubi the plotzemljište.
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dok postepeno ne izgubi obrazac.
01:03
And it's incrediblenevjerojatan to watch,
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To je nevjerojatno promatrati,
01:05
but there's nothing psychicvidovnjak or paranormalparanormalno going on;
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ali u tome nema ništa vidovnjačko ili paranormalno;
01:07
it's simplyjednostavno that these crabsrakovi have internalinterni cyclesciklusa
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jednostvano ti rakovi imaju razvijen unutarnji ciklus
01:10
that correspondodgovaraju, usuallyobično, with what's going on around it.
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koji je usklađen, obično, s onime što se događa oko njih.
01:15
So, we have this abilitysposobnost as well.
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I mi također, imamo tu sposobnost.
01:17
And in humansljudi, we call it the "bodytijelo clocksat."
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A kod ljudi, to nazivamo tjelesnim satom.
01:20
You can see this mostnajviše clearlyjasno when you take away someone'snetko watch
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To možete najbolje vidjeti kada nekome uzmete sat
01:23
and you shutzatvoriti them into a bunkerbunker, deepduboko undergroundpodzemlje,
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i zatvorite ga u bunker, duboko pod zemljom,
01:26
for a couplepar of monthsmjeseci. (LaughterSmijeh)
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nekoliko mjeseci.
01:28
People actuallyzapravo volunteerdobrovoljac for this,
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Ljudi se čak dobrovoljno javljaju za ovo,
01:30
and they usuallyobično come out
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i obično izlaze
01:32
kindljubazan of ravingnjega kao about theirnjihov productiveproduktivan time in the holerupa.
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nekako buncajući o svom produktivnom vremenu u rupi.
01:34
So, no matterstvar how atypicalatipične these subjectsteme would have to be,
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Bez obzira koliko atipični ti ljudi moraju biti,
01:37
they all showpokazati the sameisti thing.
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svi oni pokazuju istu stvar.
01:39
They get up just a little bitbit laterkasnije everysvaki day -- say 15 minutesminuta or so --
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Dižu se samo malo kasnije svaki dan -- otprilike 15 minuta --
01:42
and they kindljubazan of driftzanošenje all the way around the clocksat like this
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i tako "odskližu" cijeli dan
01:45
over the coursenaravno of the weeksTjedni.
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kroz nekoliko tjedana.
01:47
And so, in this way we know that they are workingrad on theirnjihov ownvlastiti internalinterni clocksSatovi,
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I tako, na taj način, znamo da rade u skladu sa svojim unutrašnjim satom
01:50
ratherradije than somehownekako sensingočitavanje the day outsideizvan.
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umjesto da nekako vani osjećaju dan.
01:54
So fine, we have a bodytijelo clocksat,
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Dobro, imamo tjelesni sat,
01:56
and it turnsokreti out that it's incrediblynevjerojatno importantvažno in our livesživot.
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i ispada kako je on nevjerojatno važan u našim životima.
01:59
It's a hugeogroman drivervozač for cultureKultura
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To je veliki pokretač kulture,
02:01
and I think that it's the mostnajviše underratedloše forcesila on our behaviorponašanje.
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i mislim kako je najpodcjenjenija sila koja utječe na naše ponašanje.
02:07
We evolvedrazvio as a speciesvrsta nearblizu the equatorekvatora,
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Evoluirali smo kao vrsta blizu ekvatora,
02:09
and so we're very well-equippedDobro opremljene
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tako da smo jako dobro opremljeni
02:11
to dealdogovor with 12 hourssati of daylightljetno
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Za nositi se s 12 satnim dnevnim svjetlom
02:13
and 12 hourssati of darknesstama.
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i 12 sati tame.
02:15
But of coursenaravno, we'veimamo spreadširenje to everysvaki cornerugao of the globeGlobus
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Ali naravno, raširili smo se u svaki kut Zemlje,
02:17
and in ArcticArktik CanadaKanada, where I liveživjeti,
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i u arktičkoj Kanadi, gdje ja živim,
02:19
we have perpetualtrajna daylightljetno in summerljeto
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mi imamo neprestano dnevno svjetlo ljeti
02:21
and 24 hourssati of darknesstama in winterzimski.
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i 24 sata tame zimi.
02:24
So the cultureKultura, the northernsjeverni aboriginalAboridžane cultureKultura,
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Tako je kultura, sjeverna aboriđanska kultura,
02:27
traditionallytradicionalno has been highlyvisoko seasonalsezonski.
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tradicionalno visoko sezonska.
02:29
In winterzimski, there's a lot of sleepingspavanje going on;
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Zimi se puno spava.
02:32
you enjoyuživati your familyobitelj life insideiznutra.
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Uživate u obiteljskom životu unutra.
02:34
And in summerljeto, it's almostskoro manicmanične huntinglov
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A ljeti, gotovo manijakalno lovite
02:37
and workingrad activityaktivnost very long hourssati,
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i radite jako dugo,
02:39
very activeaktivan.
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jako aktivno.
02:42
So, what would our naturalprirodni rhythmritam look like?
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Dakle, kako bi izgledao naš prirodni ritam?
02:44
What would our sleepingspavanje patternsobrasci be
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Kakvi bi bili naši obrasci spavanja
02:47
in the sortvrsta of idealidealan senseosjećaj?
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u idealnom smislu?
02:50
Well, it turnsokreti out
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Ispada da
02:52
that when people are livingživot
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kada ljudi žive
02:54
withoutbez any sortvrsta of artificialUmjetna lightsvjetlo at all,
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bez ikakve vrste umjetnog svjetla,
02:56
they sleepspavati twicedvaput everysvaki night.
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spavaju dva puta svake noći.
02:58
They go to bedkrevet around 8:00 p.m.
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Idu u krevet oko 20:00 sati,
03:00
untildo midnightponoć
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do ponoći
03:02
and then again, they sleepspavati
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i onda opet spavaju
03:04
from about 2:00 a.m. untildo sunriseizlazak sunca.
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od otprilike 02:00 do zore.
03:07
And in-betweenizmeđu njih, they have a couplepar of hourssati
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A između, imaju nekoliko sati
03:09
of sortvrsta of meditativemeditativne quietmiran in bedkrevet.
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neke vrste tihe meditacije u krevetu.
03:12
And duringza vrijeme this time,
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I tijekom tog vremena,
03:14
there's a surgeVal of prolactinprolaktin,
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dolazi do navale prolaktina
03:16
the likessviđa of whichkoji a modernmoderan day never seesvidi.
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onakve kakvu u normalnom životu nikada ne vidimo.
03:19
The people in these studiesstudije
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Ljudi u tim istraživanjima
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reportizvješće feelingosjećaj so awakebudan duringza vrijeme the daytimepreko dana,
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izvještavaju kako se osjećaju toliko budnima tijekom dana,
03:23
that they realizeostvariti
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da shvaćaju
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they're experiencingdoživljava truepravi wakefulnessbudnosti
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kako doživljavaju iskustvo prave budnosti
03:27
for the first time in theirnjihov livesživot.
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po prvi puta u svojim životima.
03:29
So, cutrez to the modernmoderan day.
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Prevedeno u moderno vrijeme.
03:31
We're livingživot in a cultureKultura of jetmlaz lagzaostajanje,
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Mi živimo u kulturi jet leg-a,
03:33
globalglobalno travelputovati,
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globalnih putovanja,
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24-hour-sat businessPoslovni,
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24-satnih poslova,
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shiftsmjena work.
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rada u smjenama.
03:41
And you know, our modernmoderan waysnačine
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I, znate, naši moderni načini
03:43
of doing things
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djelovanja
03:45
have theirnjihov advantagesprednosti,
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imaju svoje prednosti,
03:47
but I believe we should understandrazumjeti the coststroškovi.
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ali ja vjerujem kako bismo morali razumijeti i troškove.
03:50
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
03:52
(ApplausePljesak)
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(Pljesak)
Translated by Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG
Reviewed by Predrag Pale

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jessa Gamble - Writer
Jessa Gamble writes about sleep and time, showing how our internal body clock struggles against our always-on global culture.

Why you should listen

Jessa Gamble is an award-winning writer from Oxford, who lives in the Canadian Subarctic. Now that humanity has spread right to the Earth's poles and adopted a 24-hour business day, Gamble argues that our internal clocks struggle against our urban schedules. Her work documents the rituals surrounding daily rhythms, which along with local languages and beliefs are losing their rich global diversity and succumbing to a kind of circadian imperialism.

A dynamic new voice in popular science, Gamble was awarded a 2007 Science in Society journalism award from the Canadian Science Writers Association for her first-person account of daily life at the Eureka High Arctic Weather Station. She is the author of Siesta and The Midnight Sun: How We Measure and Experience Time.

More profile about the speaker
Jessa Gamble | Speaker | TED.com