ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Andrew Solomon - Writer
Andrew Solomon writes about politics, culture and psychology.

Why you should listen

Andrew Solomon is a writer, lecturer and Professor of Clinical Psychology at Columbia University. He is president of PEN American Center. He writes regularly for The New Yorker and the New York Times.

Solomon's newest book, Far and Away: Reporting from the Brink of Change, Seven Continents, Twenty-Five Years was published in April, 2016. His previous book, Far From the Tree: Parents, Children, and the Search for Identity won the National Book Critics Circle award for nonfiction, the Wellcome Prize and 22 other national awards. It tells the stories of parents who not only learn to deal with their exceptional children but also find profound meaning in doing so. It was a New York Times bestseller in both hardcover and paperback editions. Solomon's previous book, The Noonday Demon: An Atlas of Depression, won the 2001 National Book Award for Nonfiction, was a finalist for the 2002 Pulitzer Prize and was included in The Times of London's list of one hundred best books of the decade. It has been published in twenty-four languages. Solomon is also the author of the novel A Stone Boat and of The Irony Tower: Soviet Artists in a Time of Glasnost.

Solomon is an activist in LGBT rights, mental health, education and the arts. He is a member of the boards of directors of the National LGBTQ Force and Trans Youth Family Allies. He is a member of the Board of Visitors of Columbia University Medical Center, serves on the National Advisory Board of the Depression Center at the University of Michigan, is a director of Columbia Psychiatry and is a member of the Advisory Board of the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance. Solomon also serves on the boards of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Yaddo and The Alex Fund, which supports the education of Romani children. He is also a fellow of Berkeley College at Yale University and a member of the New York Institute for the Humanities and the Council on Foreign Relations.

Solomon lives with his husband and son in New York and London and is a dual national. He also has a daughter with a college friend; mother and daughter live in Texas but visit often.


More profile about the speaker
Andrew Solomon | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxMet

Andrew Solomon: Depression, the secret we share

安德鲁·所罗门: 抑郁, 我们各自隐藏的秘密

Filmed:
10,174,764 views

"抑郁的反面不是快乐, 而是活力. 而抑郁的时候, 我们变得死气沉沉." 在这次深刻而颠覆性地演讲中, 作家安德鲁·所罗门将我们带入了与抑郁抗争的那段日子中, 他思想中最深谙的角落. 抑郁的经历让他开始环游世界寻找并采访其他的抑郁症患者——结果他发现, 随着他演讲次数的增多, 越来越多的人开始跟他分享自己的故事. (录制于 TEDxMet.)
- Writer
Andrew Solomon writes about politics, culture and psychology. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
"I felt a funeral葬礼 in my brain,
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“我的脑海中,进行着一场葬礼,
00:19
and mourners送葬 to and fro来来往往
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悼念者络绎不绝
00:22
kept不停 treading踩着, treading踩着 till直到 I felt
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不停的走着, 踩踏着
00:24
that sense was breaking破坏 through通过.
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直到仪式的氛围渐浓
00:27
And when they all were seated坐在,
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当所有人入座
00:29
a service服务, like a drum,
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仪式开始, 敲鼓的声音
00:31
kept不停 beating跳动, beating跳动, till直到 I felt
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沉重有力,敲打着, 敲打着
00:34
my mind心神 was going numb麻木.
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直到我的意识变得麻木
00:37
And then I heard听说 them lift电梯 a box
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我听见他们抬起棺材
00:39
and creak吱吱 across横过 my soul灵魂
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沉重的脚步, 摇摇晃晃
00:41
with those same相同 boots靴子 of lead again,
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我的灵魂, 吱呀作响
00:45
then space空间 began开始 to toll收费,
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四周, 丧钟响起
00:48
as if the heavens were a bell
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天堂, 就像一个铃铛
00:50
and being存在 were an ear,
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存在, 那么就是一只耳朵
00:52
and I, and silence安静, some strange奇怪 race种族
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安静的我, 如同异类
00:55
wrecked失事, solitary, here.
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在此孤独, 在此腐朽
00:58
Just then, a plank in reason原因 broke打破,
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失去依靠, 理性开始崩塌
01:01
and I fell下跌 down and down
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我从高处坠落
01:05
and hit击中 a world世界 at every一切 plunge跳水,
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跌入一个又一个世界
01:07
and finished knowing会心 then."
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终于, 看清
01:12
We know depression萧条 through通过 metaphors隐喻.
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我们能够在一些文学作品中看到抑郁的影子
01:15
Emily艾米莉 Dickinson迪金森 was able能够 to convey传达 it in language语言,
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艾米莉·迪金森(美国十九世纪著名女诗人)通过诗歌诠释它
01:19
Goya戈雅 in an image图片.
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戈雅(西班牙画家)通过绘画表达
01:22
Half the purpose目的 of art艺术
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许多艺术作品产生的初衷
01:24
is to describe描述 such这样 iconic标志性的 states状态.
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就是为了表达这充满象征意义的状态
01:27
As for me, I had always thought myself tough强硬,
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就我自己来说,我一度认为自己非常坚强
01:31
one of the people who could survive生存
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认为自己是那一类即使被送去集中营
01:33
if I'd been sent发送 to a concentration浓度 camp.
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也可以存活下来的人
01:36
In 1991, I had a series系列 of losses损失.
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1991年,我经历了一连串的不幸
01:39
My mother母亲 died死亡,
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母亲去世
01:41
a relationship关系 I'd been in ended结束,
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爱情终结
01:43
I moved移动 back to the United联合的 States状态
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我也在几年的海外生活之后
01:45
from some years年份 abroad国外,
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回到了美国
01:47
and I got through通过 all of those experiences经验 intact完整.
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我在经历了这一切之后依旧安然无恙
01:50
But in 1994, three years年份 later后来,
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然而在1994年,也就是三年之后
01:53
I found发现 myself losing失去 interest利益 in almost几乎 everything.
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我突然发现自己对几乎所有的事情都失去了兴趣
01:57
I didn't want to do any of the things
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甚至不愿意去做那些
01:59
I had previously先前 wanted to do,
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我曾经很想去做的事情
02:01
and I didn't know why.
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我不知道这是为什么
02:03
The opposite对面 of depression萧条
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抑郁的反面
02:05
is not happiness幸福, but vitality活力,
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并非快乐,而是活力
02:08
and it was vitality活力
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而正是这样的活力
02:10
that seemed似乎 to seep渗透 away from me in that moment时刻.
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似乎就在那段时间从我的身体中慢慢消失了
02:14
Everything there was to do
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所有需要完成的事情
02:16
seemed似乎 like too much work.
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都感觉那么麻烦
02:18
I would come home
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回到家的时候
02:20
and I would see the red light
flashing闪烁 on my answering回答 machine,
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看着电话留言机上闪烁的红灯
02:23
and instead代替 of being存在 thrilled高兴 to hear from my friends朋友,
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我不但不会因为听到朋友们的声音感到兴奋
02:25
I would think,
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反而会想
02:27
"What a lot of people that is to have to call back."
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怎么有这么多人等我回电话
02:30
Or I would decide决定 I should have lunch午餐,
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有时该吃午饭了
02:32
and then I would think, but
I'd have to get the food餐饮 out
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我却开始想,我还得把食物拿出来
02:35
and put it on a plate盘子
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放到盘子里
02:37
and cut it up and chew it and swallow it,
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得切,得嚼,得咽
02:41
and it felt to me like the Stations of the Cross交叉.
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让我感觉就像耶稣受难一样
02:45
And one of the things that often经常 gets得到 lost丢失
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人们在谈论抑郁时
02:47
in discussions讨论 of depression萧条
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时常忽略了一点
02:49
is that you know it's ridiculous荒谬.
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那就是你知道这一切都很荒谬
02:51
You know it's ridiculous荒谬 while you're experiencing经历 it.
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即使你正处在抑郁之中, 你也知道这一切都很荒谬
02:54
You know that most people manage管理
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你知道多数人都可以让自己
02:56
to listen to their messages消息 and eat lunch午餐
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去听语音留言,去吃午餐
02:58
and organize组织 themselves他们自己 to take a shower淋浴
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紧接着让自己冲个澡
03:00
and go out the front面前 door
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然后出门
03:02
and that it's not a big deal合同,
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你知道这根本不是什么大不了的事情
03:03
and yet然而 you are nonetheless尽管如此, in its grip
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然而你已经被它掌控
03:06
and you are unable无法 to figure数字 out any way around it.
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并且无法找到任何解决的方式
03:10
And so I began开始 to feel myself doing less
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于是我开始感到自己事情做得越来越少
03:15
and thinking思维 less
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思考得越来越少
03:17
and feeling感觉 less.
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感知得越来越少
03:19
It was a kind of nullity无效.
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就好像整个人已经没什么价值了
03:22
And then the anxiety焦虑 set in.
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紧接着焦虑就来了
03:24
If you told me that I'd have to be
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如果你告诉我
03:26
depressed郁闷 for the next下一个 month,
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我会在接下来的一个月里一直抑郁
03:28
I would say, "As long I know it'll它会 be
over in November十一月, I can do it."
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我会说,“只要一个月之后不抑郁了我就可以接受。”
03:31
But if you said to me,
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但如果你告诉我
03:32
"You have to have acute急性 anxiety焦虑 for the next下一个 month,"
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“你会在接下来的一个月里严重焦虑。”
03:35
I would rather slit裂缝 my wrist than go through通过 it.
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那么我宁可割腕也不愿意忍受
03:38
It was the feeling感觉 all the time
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这是一种持续的感觉
03:40
like that feeling感觉 you have if you're walking步行
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就好像你走在路上
03:42
and you slip or trip
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滑倒了或者绊倒了
03:43
and the ground地面 is rushing up at you,
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地面猛冲向你的感觉
03:45
but instead代替 of lasting持久 half a
second第二, the way that does,
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但这种感觉不是半秒钟
03:48
it lasted历时 for six months个月.
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而是持续6个月
03:50
It's a sensation感觉 of being存在 afraid害怕 all the time
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这是一种时时刻刻感到惧怕
03:53
but not even knowing会心 what it is that you're afraid害怕 of.
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却不知道自己在惧怕什么的感觉
03:57
And it was at that point that I began开始 to think
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就在那时我开始想
03:59
that it was just too painful痛苦 to be alive,
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活着太痛苦了
04:03
and that the only reason原因 not to kill oneself自己
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人不自杀的唯一原因
04:06
was so as not to hurt伤害 other people.
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是因为不想伤害身边的人
04:09
And finally最后 one day, I woke醒来 up
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终于有一天,我醒来的时候
04:12
and I thought perhaps也许 I'd had a stroke行程,
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我觉得我可能中风了
04:14
because I lay铺设 in bed completely全然 frozen冻结的,
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因为我躺在床上整个人是完全僵硬的
04:16
looking at the telephone电话, thinking思维,
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我看着电话,心想
04:18
"Something is wrong错误 and I should call for help,"
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“不好了,我该打电话求助。”
04:22
and I couldn't不能 reach达到 out my arm
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但我没办法伸出手去
04:24
and pick up the phone电话 and dial拨号.
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没有办法拿到电话来拨号
04:26
And finally最后, after four full充分 hours小时
of my lying说谎 and staring凝视 at it,
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终于,在我躺在那盯着电话整整四小时之后
04:30
the phone电话 rang,
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电话铃响了
04:32
and somehow不知何故 I managed管理 to pick it up,
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我不记得自己怎么拿到的电话
04:34
and it was my father父亲,
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是我父亲打来的
04:36
and I said, "I'm in serious严重 trouble麻烦.
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我说,“我现在遇到大麻烦了,
04:39
We need to do something."
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我们必须做点什么。”
04:41
The next下一个 day I started开始 with the medications药物治疗
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第二天我开始吃药
04:44
and the therapy治疗.
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开始接受治疗
04:47
And I also started开始 reckoning清算
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与此同时我开始思考
04:49
with this terrible可怕 question:
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一个可怕的问题
04:51
If I'm not the tough强硬 person
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如果我不是那种坚强到
04:53
who could have made制作 it
through通过 a concentration浓度 camp,
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即使被送去集中营也可以存活下来的人
04:56
then who am I?
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那么我是谁呢?
04:57
And if I have to take medication药物治疗,
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如果我需要吃药的话
04:59
is that medication药物治疗 making制造 me more fully充分 myself,
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那么药物是让我变得更像自己
05:03
or is it making制造 me someone有人 else其他?
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还是让我更不像自己?
05:05
And how do I feel about it
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如果会让我变得像别人
05:07
if it's making制造 me someone有人 else其他?
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那么我又如何感觉到这点呢?
05:09
I had two advantages优点 as I went in to the fight斗争.
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在这个抗争的过程中我有两个优势
05:13
The first is that I knew知道 that, objectively客观地 speaking请讲,
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首先是我很清楚,客观地说
05:16
I had a nice不错 life,
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我有一个不错的生活条件
05:17
and that if I could only get well,
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如果我能好起来
05:19
there was something at the other end结束
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那么最终是会有一些东西
05:21
that was worth价值 living活的 for.
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值得我去为之而活的
05:23
And the other was that I had
access访问 to good treatment治疗.
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另外一点就是我能接受好的治疗
05:26
But I nonetheless尽管如此, emerged出现 and relapsed复发,
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但我却不知为何,好转了又复发
05:29
and emerged出现 and relapsed复发,
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又好转,又复发
05:32
and emerged出现 and relapsed复发,
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再好转,再复发
05:35
and finally最后 understood了解
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最后我才意识到
05:37
I would have to be on medication药物治疗
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我必须一辈子
05:39
and in therapy治疗 forever永远.
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依赖药物以及治疗
05:41
And I thought, "But is it a chemical化学 problem问题
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于是我想,“但这到底是一个化学问题
05:44
or a psychological心理 problem问题?
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还是一个心理问题?
05:45
And does it need a chemical化学 cure治愈
or a philosophical哲学上 cure治愈?"
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这到底需要化学疗法还是心理疗法(原话为“哲学”)呢?”
05:49
And I couldn't不能 figure数字 out which哪一个 it was.
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我无法找到问题的答案
05:51
And then I understood了解 that actually其实,
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然后我明白了
05:54
we aren't advanced高级 enough足够 in either area
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事实上我们对这两个领域的了解都还不够
05:56
for it to explain说明 things fully充分.
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都还不足以完全弄清真相
05:58
The chemical化学 cure治愈 and the psychological心理 cure治愈
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化学治疗和心理治疗
06:01
both have a role角色 to play,
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都发挥着重要的作用
06:03
and I also figured想通 out that depression萧条 was something
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我也发现抑郁是这样一个东西
06:06
that was braided编织 so deep into us
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深深的嵌入在我们的体内
06:09
that there was no separating分离 it
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我们无法将它彻底剥离
06:10
from our character字符 and personality个性.
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它已经嵌入到我们的性格和个性中了
06:13
I want to say that the treatments治疗 we have
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我想说现在我们所用的
06:15
for depression萧条 are appalling骇人听闻的.
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治疗抑郁症的方法太可怕了
06:17
They're not very effective有效.
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这些方法没有什么效果
06:19
They're extremely非常 costly昂贵.
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还非常昂贵
06:21
They come with innumerable无数 side effects效果.
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并且伴随着无数的副作用
06:24
They're a disaster灾害.
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它们简直就是灾难
06:25
But I am so grateful感激 that I live生活 now
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但我很感激我活在当下
06:28
and not 50 years年份 ago,
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而不是50年前
06:30
when there would have been almost几乎 nothing
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那个时候还不存在
06:32
to be doneDONE.
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有效的方法
06:33
I hope希望 that 50 years年份 hence于是,
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我希望50年后
06:36
people will hear about my treatments治疗
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人们听到我接受的治疗方法
06:37
and be appalled that anyone任何人 endured忍受
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会震惊于竟然有人愿意忍受
06:40
such这样 primitive原始 science科学.
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如此原始简单的科学
06:42
Depression萧条 is the flaw缺陷 in love.
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抑郁是爱的附属品
06:47
If you were married已婚 to someone有人 and thought,
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如果你跟一个人结婚了,然后想
06:50
"Well, if my wife妻子 dies, I'll find another另一个 one,"
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“好吧,如果我的妻子去世了,我会找一个新的,”
06:54
it wouldn't不会 be love as we know it.
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那么据我们所知这不叫爱
06:57
There's no such这样 thing as love
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没有这样一种爱情
06:59
without the anticipation预期 of loss失利,
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可以只感受幸福而不体验失去
07:01
and that specter幽灵 of despair绝望
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这种绝望的幽灵
07:04
can be the engine发动机 of intimacy亲密关系.
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会成为亲密关系的动力
07:08
There are three things people tend趋向 to confuse迷惑:
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有三种东西是人们容易混淆的
07:11
depression萧条, grief哀思 and sadness.
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抑郁,悲伤,难过
07:14
Grief哀思 is explicitly明确地 reactive反应.
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悲伤是一种明确的反应
07:18
If you have a loss失利 and you feel incredibly令人难以置信 unhappy不快乐,
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如果你遭遇了不幸并感到极度不快乐
07:21
and then, six months个月 later后来,
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紧接着六个月以后
07:22
you are still deeply sad伤心, but
you're functioning功能 a little better,
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你还是非常难过,但是生活大致正常了
07:25
it's probably大概 grief哀思,
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这很有可能是悲伤
07:27
and it will probably大概 ultimately最终 resolve解决 itself本身
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而且它很有可能在最终
07:29
in some measure测量.
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一定程度地自我恢复
07:31
If you experience经验 a catastrophic灾难性的 loss失利,
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如果你经历了一次灾难性的打击
07:34
and you feel terrible可怕,
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然后感觉非常糟糕
07:35
and six months个月 later后来 you can barely仅仅 function功能 at all,
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并且六个月之后你依然无法正常生活
07:38
then it's probably大概 a depression萧条 that was triggered触发
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那么很有可能就是你的抑郁
07:40
by the catastrophic灾难性的 circumstances情况.
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被这种灾难性的情形触发了
07:43
The trajectory弹道 tells告诉 us a great deal合同.
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这中变化的过程告诉我们很多信息
07:47
People think of depression萧条 as being存在 just sadness.
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人们往往认为抑郁只是难过而已
07:50
It's much, much too much sadness,
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只是太多太多的难过
07:52
much too much grief哀思
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太多的悲伤
07:54
at far too slight轻微 a cause原因.
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起因却微不足道
07:57
As I set out to understand理解 depression萧条,
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当我开始着手了解抑郁
08:00
and to interview访问 people who had experienced有经验的 it,
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并且采访那些有过这样经历的人时
08:02
I found发现 that there were people who seemed似乎
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我发现有些人
08:05
on the surface表面 to have what sounded满面 like
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从表面上看来
08:07
relatively相对 mild温和 depression萧条
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好像是比较轻微的抑郁
08:09
who were nonetheless尽管如此, utterly完全 disabled by it.
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却已经因此彻底丧失行为能力了
08:13
And there were other people who had what sounded满面
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另一些人
08:15
as they described描述 it
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从他们的描述中得知他们
08:16
like terribly可怕 severe严重 depression萧条
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经历了非常严重的抑郁
08:18
who nonetheless尽管如此, had good lives生活 in the interstices空隙
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他们却能够在抑郁发作的间隙
08:21
between之间 their depressive抑郁 episodes发作.
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过着不错的生活
08:23
And I set out to find out what it is
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于是我开始研究
08:26
that causes原因 some people
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到底是什么
08:27
to be more resilient弹性 than other people.
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使一些人比另一些人能更好地适应
08:30
What are the mechanisms机制
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是什么样的机制
08:31
that allow允许 people to survive生存?
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让这些人能够幸免?
08:33
And I went out and I interviewed采访 person after person
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于是我去探访了一个又一个
08:36
who was suffering痛苦 with depression萧条.
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经历过抑郁的人
08:38
One of the first people I interviewed采访
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我第一批采访的人中有一个人
08:40
described描述 depression萧条
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把抑郁描述为
08:42
as a slower比较慢 way of being存在 dead,
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一种缓慢的死亡方式
08:45
and that was a good thing for me to hear early on
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这种说法最初在我听来是好的
08:48
because it reminded提醒 me
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因为这告诉我
08:49
that that slow way of being存在 dead
204
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1999
缓慢的死亡方式
08:51
can lead to actual实际 deadnessdeadness,
205
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2035
是会以真正的死亡结束的
08:53
that this is a serious严重 business商业.
206
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2004
这不是说着玩的
08:55
It's the leading领导 disability失能 worldwide全世界,
207
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这是世界上导致机能障碍的主要原因之一
08:58
and people die of it every一切 day.
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每天都有人因此死去
09:01
One of the people I talked to
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在我试图了解这些的时候
09:02
when I was trying to understand理解 this
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其中一个我采访的人
09:04
was a beloved心爱 friend朋友
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是我的挚友
09:06
who I had known已知 for many许多 years年份,
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我们已经相识很多年了
09:08
and who had had a psychotic精神病 episode插曲
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她曾经在她大学入学的那一年
09:11
in her freshman新生 year of college学院,
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1904
有过精神病发作
09:13
and then plummeted暴跌 into a horrific可怕的 depression萧条.
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之后陷入了可怕的抑郁
09:16
She had bipolar双极 illness疾病,
216
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她患有双相情感障碍
09:17
or manic躁狂 depression萧条, as it was then known已知.
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当时叫做躁郁症
09:20
And then she did very well
218
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2044
她经过多年的化学治疗
09:22
for many许多 years年份 on lithium,
219
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1708
病情控制得很好
09:23
and then eventually终于,
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于是后来,
09:25
she was taken采取 off her lithium
221
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1960
她尝试停止化学治疗
09:27
to see how she would do without it,
222
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想看看能够独立的支撑下来
09:29
and she had another另一个 psychosis精神病,
223
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1975
她却精神病复发
09:31
and then plunged暴跌 into the worst最差 depression萧条
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并且陷入了我所见过的
09:33
that I had ever seen看到
225
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最严重的抑郁
09:35
in which哪一个 she satSAT in her parents'父母' apartment公寓,
226
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3015
她在父母的公寓里坐着
09:38
more or less catatonic紧张, essentially实质上 without moving移动,
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多少有些紧张症的样子,几乎一动不动
09:41
day after day after day.
228
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日复一日都是如此
09:43
And when I interviewed采访 her about
that experience经验 some years年份 later后来 --
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当我几年之后采访她那段经历时
09:47
she's a poet诗人 and psychotherapist心理治疗师
named命名 Maggie劣质煤 Robbins罗宾斯
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她叫玛吉·罗宾斯,诗人,精神治疗医师
09:50
when I interviewed采访 her, she said,
231
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当我采访她的时候她说
09:53
"I was singing唱歌 'Where'哪里 Have All The Flowers花卉 Gone'飘”
232
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3384
“我一遍一遍地唱着‘花儿去向何处’
09:57
over and over to occupy占据 my mind心神.
233
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来占据我的头脑
10:00
I was singing唱歌 to blot斑点 out the
things my mind心神 was saying,
234
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3135
来清除我头脑中不停重复的话语
10:03
which哪一个 were, 'You'您 are nothing. You are nobody没有人.
235
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‘你一文不值,你这个无名小辈,
10:07
You don't even deserve值得 to live生活.'
236
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你根本不配活在这世上。’
10:10
And that was when I really started开始 thinking思维
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那时候我真正开始
10:12
about killing谋杀 myself."
238
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2213
有了自杀的想法。”
10:15
You don't think in depression萧条
239
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1908
你没有意识到自己抑郁, 但是
10:16
that you've put on a gray灰色 veil面纱
240
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2137
你已经戴上了一层灰色的面纱
10:19
and are seeing眼看 the world世界 through通过 the haze阴霾
241
607127
1980
并且是透过这层坏情绪的薄纱
10:21
of a bad mood心情.
242
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1894
来看待这个世界的
10:23
You think that the veil面纱 has been taken采取 away,
243
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2720
你认为是快乐的面纱
10:25
the veil面纱 of happiness幸福,
244
613721
1922
被摘掉了
10:27
and that now you're seeing眼看 truly.
245
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2424
这样你可以看得更加真实
10:30
It's easier更轻松 to help schizophrenics精神分裂症患者 who perceive感知
246
618067
2964
相对而言帮助精神分裂症患者更容易
10:33
that there's something foreign国外 inside of them
247
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1811
他们认为自己身体里面有某些异质
10:34
that needs需求 to be exorcised驱除,
248
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需要被驱除
10:37
but it's difficult with depressives抑郁症,
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2164
但对于抑郁症患者来说这很难
10:39
because we believe we are seeing眼看 the truth真相.
250
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3847
因为我们坚信自己看到的是事实
10:43
But the truth真相 lies.
251
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2947
但事实是会说谎的
10:45
I became成为 obsessed痴迷 with that sentence句子:
252
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1998
我非常喜欢这句话
10:47
"But the truth真相 lies."
253
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2375
“事实是会说谎的。”
10:50
And I discovered发现, as I talked to depressive抑郁 people,
254
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当我与抑郁症患者交谈时我发现
10:52
that they have many许多 delusional妄想 perceptions看法.
255
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2682
他们有很多妄想出来的念头
10:55
People will say, "No one loves me."
256
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1667
人们会说,“没人爱我。”
10:57
And you say, "I love you,
257
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1651
然后你说,“我爱你,
10:58
your wife妻子 loves you, your mother母亲 loves you."
258
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2522
你的妻子爱你,你的母亲爱你。”
11:01
You can answer回答 that one pretty漂亮 readily容易,
259
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1923
你可以很快给出这个答案
11:03
at least最小 for most people.
260
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至少对大多数人是如此
11:04
But people who are depressed郁闷 will also say,
261
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2267
但是抑郁的人还会说
11:07
"No matter what we do,
262
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1705
“不论我们做什么,
11:08
we're all just going to die in the end结束."
263
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2273
最终都是要死的。”
11:11
Or they'll他们会 say, "There can be no true真正 communion交往
264
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2203
或者他们说,“两个人之间
11:13
between之间 two human人的 beings众生.
265
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1653
是不可能有真正的亲密交往的,
11:15
Each of us is trapped被困 in his own拥有 body身体."
266
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2576
我们每个人都被自己的身体所束缚了。“
11:17
To which哪一个 you have to say,
267
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1849
对于这个你只有回应说
11:19
"That's true真正,
268
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1321
”这点没错,
11:20
but I think we should focus焦点 right now
269
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1818
但我觉得我们眼下要考虑的
11:22
on what to have for breakfast早餐."
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1896
是早上该吃什么。“
11:24
(Laughter笑声)
271
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2185
(笑声)
11:26
A lot of the time,
272
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1669
许多时候
11:28
what they are expressing表达 is not illness疾病, but insight眼光,
273
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2896
困扰他们的不是疾病本身, 而是对一些事实的偏执
11:31
and one comes to think what's really extraordinary非凡
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他们会对一些事实超乎常人的在意
11:33
is that most of us know about
those existential存在 questions问题
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2934
但是对于我们绝大多数人而言
11:36
and they don't distract转移 us very much.
276
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2290
并不在意这些有关存在的问题
11:39
There was a study研究 I particularly尤其 liked喜欢
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2159
我有一个特别喜欢的研究
11:41
in which哪一个 a group of depressed郁闷
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1680
是要一组抑郁症患者
11:42
and a group of non-depressed非抑郁 people
279
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1901
和一组非抑郁症患者
11:44
were asked to play a video视频 game游戏 for an hour小时,
280
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2623
分别打一小时的电子游戏
11:47
and at the end结束 of the hour小时,
281
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1813
一小时结束的时候问他们
11:49
they were asked how many许多 little monsters怪物
282
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1651
他们认为自己
11:50
they thought they had killed杀害.
283
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1864
杀了多少只小怪兽
11:52
The depressive抑郁 group was usually平时 accurate准确
284
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2212
抑郁组的答案往往准确
11:55
to within about 10 percent百分,
285
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误差不超过百分之十
11:57
and the non-depressed非抑郁 people
286
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1471
而非抑郁组的人
11:58
guessed between之间 15 and 20 times as many许多
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3545
估计的小怪兽数量
12:02
little monsters怪物 — (Laughter笑声) —
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1742
却是实际杀掉的
12:03
as they had actually其实 killed杀害.
289
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4111
15到20倍
12:07
A lot of people said, when I chose选择
to write about my depression萧条,
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3066
当我决定写下自己的抑郁经历时,许多人说
12:11
that it must必须 be very difficult
291
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要揭开这个秘密让别人知道
12:12
to be out of that closet壁橱, to have people know.
292
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3124
一定非常不容易
12:15
They said, "Do people talk to you differently不同?"
293
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2200
他们说,”人们会用不一样的口吻跟你说话吗?“
12:18
And I said, "Yes, people talk to me differently不同.
294
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我说,”是的,人们用不一样的口吻跟我说话。
12:20
They talk to me differently不同 insofar只要
295
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1914
这种不一样体现在
12:22
as they start开始 telling告诉 me about their experience经验,
296
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2790
人们会告诉我他们自己的经历
12:24
or their sister's姐妹 experience经验,
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1835
或是他们的兄弟姐妹的经历
12:26
or their friend's朋友的 experience经验.
298
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1774
或是他们朋友的经历
12:28
Things are different不同 because now I know
299
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2292
我现在明白, 每个家庭
12:30
that depression萧条 is the family家庭 secret秘密
300
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2681
都埋藏着一个抑郁的故事
12:33
that everyone大家 has.
301
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2077
着改变了我的看法
12:35
I went a few少数 years年份 ago to a conference会议,
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3628
几年前我去参加一个学术会议
12:39
and on Friday星期五 of the three-day三天 conference会议,
303
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2653
连开三天, 第一天是周五
12:41
one of the participants参与者 took me aside在旁边, and she said,
304
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2891
一个与会者把我叫到一边, 她说
12:44
"I suffer遭受 from depression萧条 and
305
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3405
“我有抑郁症
12:48
I'm a little embarrassed尴尬 about it,
306
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2769
我为此有点难为情
12:50
but I've been taking服用 this medication药物治疗,
307
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2103
而且我一直在吃某种药物
12:52
and I just wanted to ask you what you think?"
308
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2948
我只是想问问看你的意见?”
12:55
And so I did my best最好 to give
her such这样 advice忠告 as I could.
309
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2834
我但是尽我所能给了一些建议
12:58
And then she said, "You know,
310
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1720
之后她说, “其实,
13:00
my husband丈夫 would never understand理解 this.
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2791
我的丈夫并不知道这件事情
13:03
He's really the kind of guy to whom
this wouldn't不会 make any sense,
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2573
他是那种无法理解这种事情的人
13:05
so I just, you know, it's just between之间 us."
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2867
所以, 嗯, 我们的谈话能否保密。”
13:08
And I said, "Yes, that's fine."
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我说, “好, 没有问题。”
13:10
On Sunday星期日 of the same相同 conference会议,
315
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周日开会的时候
13:12
her husband丈夫 took me aside在旁边,
316
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3044
她的丈夫把我叫到了一边
13:15
and he said, "My wife妻子 wouldn't不会 think
317
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1694
对我说, “我的妻子并不知道
13:17
that I was really much of a guy if she knew知道 this,
318
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2435
我跟她了解的那个我之间的不同
13:19
but I've been dealing交易 with this depression萧条
319
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2466
我有抑郁症, 有一段时间了
13:22
and I'm taking服用 some medication药物治疗,
320
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我现在需要吃一些药物维持
13:23
and I wondered想知道 what you think?"
321
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2505
我想听听你的看法?”
13:26
They were hiding
322
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1423
他们两个人
13:27
the same相同 medication药物治疗 in two different不同 places地方
323
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2215
服用同一种药物, 并且将药物藏在
13:29
in the same相同 bedroom卧室.
324
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2645
同一个卧室的不同的地方
13:32
And I said that I thought
325
800397
2021
于是我对他说
13:34
communication通讯 within the marriage婚姻
326
802418
1684
我觉得婚姻内部的沟通问题
13:36
might威力 be triggering触发 some of their problems问题.
327
804102
2014
可能是他抑郁的原因之一
13:38
(Laughter笑声)
328
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4191
(笑声)
13:42
But I was also struck来袭
329
810307
1655
让我感到震惊的
13:43
by the burdensome繁重 nature性质
330
811962
1806
是人们想要保守这样的秘密
13:45
of such这样 mutual相互 secrecy保密.
331
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2373
并因此成熟的沉重负担
13:48
Depression萧条 is so exhausting辛苦.
332
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1885
抑郁让人精疲力尽
13:50
It takes up so much of your time and energy能源,
333
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2768
它会消耗掉你几乎全部的时间和精力
13:52
and silence安静 about it,
334
820794
1504
而对此保持沉默
13:54
it really does make the depression萧条 worse更差.
335
822298
2731
只会让抑郁的症状变得更加严重
13:57
And then I began开始 thinking思维 about all the ways方法
336
825029
1733
我开始考虑所有可能的途径
13:58
people make themselves他们自己 better.
337
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1966
帮助抑郁的人们变得好一些
14:00
I'd started开始 off as a medical conservative保守.
338
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2439
我在治疗方法上,一开始是很保守的
14:03
I thought there were a few少数
kinds of therapy治疗 that worked工作,
339
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2372
我觉得只有少数几种疗法是有效的
14:05
it was clear明确 what they were --
340
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1809
就那么几种——
14:07
there was medication药物治疗,
341
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1644
药物治疗
14:08
there were certain某些 psychotherapies心理治疗,
342
836992
1476
几类特定的精神疗法
14:10
there was possibly或者 electroconvulsiveelectroconvul​​sive treatment治疗,
343
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2445
电休克疗法有时候有效果
14:12
and that everything else其他 was nonsense废话.
344
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2675
其它所有的方法都是扯淡
14:15
But then I discovered发现 something.
345
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1832
但是后来我的看法变了
14:17
If you have brain cancer癌症,
346
845420
1752
如果你的脑子里长了肿瘤
14:19
and you say that standing常设 on your head
347
847172
1472
然后你觉得自己每天早晨
14:20
for 20 minutes分钟 every一切 morning早上 makes品牌 you feel better,
348
848644
2995
倒立20分钟会让自己感觉好一些
14:23
it may可能 make you feel better,
349
851639
1514
或许让你自己感觉好一些
14:25
but you still have brain cancer癌症,
350
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1588
但是你的脑瘤还在那里
14:26
and you'll你会 still probably大概 die from it.
351
854741
2289
你还是可能因此死去
14:29
But if you say that you have depression萧条,
352
857030
2512
但是如果你患上了抑郁
14:31
and standing常设 on your head for 20 minutes分钟 every一切 day
353
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2105
然后你觉因为每天倒立20分钟
14:33
makes品牌 you feel better, then it's worked工作,
354
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2484
感觉好一些,那是有一定效果的
14:36
because depression萧条 is an illness疾病 of how you feel,
355
864131
2360
因为抑郁是你的感觉和情绪出了问题
14:38
and if you feel better,
356
866491
1609
如果你感觉好一些了
14:40
then you are effectively有效 not depressed郁闷 anymore.
357
868100
2830
那么你的抑郁就会少一些
14:42
So I became成为 much more tolerant宽容
358
870930
2033
所以我现在变得非常的宽容
14:44
of the vast广大 world世界 of alternative替代 treatments治疗.
359
872963
2925
各种奇怪的偏门疗法我都能接受了
14:47
And I get letters, I get hundreds数以百计 of letters
360
875888
2384
我收到了成百上千的邮件
14:50
from people writing写作 to tell me
about what's worked工作 for them.
361
878272
2516
人们写信跟我分享他们使用的治疗方法
14:52
Someone有人 was asking me backstage后台 today今天
362
880788
2201
就在刚才还有人在幕后问我
14:54
about meditation冥想.
363
882989
1463
关于药物治疗的事情
14:56
My favorite喜爱 of the letters that I got
364
884452
2465
有一封邮件提供的方法我很喜欢
14:58
was the one that came来了 from a woman女人
365
886917
1474
是一位女士写给我的
15:00
who wrote and said that she had tried试着 therapy治疗,
366
888391
2207
她尝试过心理疗法,不管用
15:02
she had tried试着 medication药物治疗,
she had tried试着 pretty漂亮 much everything,
367
890598
2387
药物疗法,也不行,各种方法都尝试了,还是不行
15:04
and she had found发现 a solution
and hoped希望 I would tell the world世界,
368
892985
2837
最后她自己发现了一个方法,她希望我告诉全世界
15:07
and that was making制造 little things from yarn.
369
895822
3812
她认为最好的疗法是用纱线做一些小制品
15:11
(Laughter笑声)
370
899634
2999
(笑声)
15:14
She sent发送 me some of them. (Laughter笑声)
371
902633
3524
她还给我邮寄了一些(笑声)
15:18
And I'm not wearing穿着 them right now.
372
906157
3688
我现在没穿在身上
15:21
I suggested建议 to her that she also should look up
373
909845
2515
我建议她再去医院查查
15:24
obsessive强迫症 compulsive强迫 disorder紊乱 in the DSMDSM.
374
912360
4048
看看有没有强迫症(译注:演讲者在开玩笑)
15:28
And yet然而, when I went to look
at alternative替代 treatments治疗,
375
916408
3128
当我去了解其它偏门疗法时
15:31
I also gained获得 perspective透视 on other treatments治疗.
376
919536
2908
我也接触到了其它疗法的不同的视角
15:34
I went through通过 a tribal部落的 exorcism驱魔 in Senegal塞内加尔
377
922444
2903
我研究过塞内加尔一个部落的净化仪式
15:37
that involved参与 a great deal合同 of ram's公羊 blood血液
378
925347
2013
他们在仪式中使用了大量的公羊血
15:39
and that I'm not going to detail详情 right now,
379
927360
2062
这里我就不详细讲了
15:41
but a few少数 years年份 afterwards之后 I was in Rwanda卢旺达
380
929422
2000
但是几年之后,当我去卢旺达
15:43
working加工 on a different不同 project项目,
381
931422
1758
参与另一个项目时
15:45
and I happened发生 to describe描述
my experience经验 to someone有人,
382
933180
2796
我向一个当地人介绍了那个仪式
15:47
and he said, "Well, you know,
383
935976
1760
他说,“嗯,你知道
15:49
that's West西 Africa非洲, and we're in East Africa非洲,
384
937736
1820
那是西非,我们这里是东非
15:51
and our rituals仪式 are in some ways方法 very different不同,
385
939556
1834
我们的宗教仪式有一些不同的地方
15:53
but we do have some rituals仪式 that have something
386
941390
2013
但是我们也有一些地方是共通的
15:55
in common共同 with what you're describing说明."
387
943403
1987
(我们的方法)跟你描述的那种有些相似
15:57
And I said, "Oh." And he said, "Yes," he said,
388
945390
1663
然后我说,“哦”。 他说,“是的”,然后他继续说道
15:59
"but we've我们已经 had a lot of trouble麻烦 with
Western西 mental心理 health健康 workers工人,
389
947053
2642
但是西方世界跑过来的心理治疗师给我们添了不少麻烦
16:01
especially特别 the ones那些 who came来了
right after the genocide种族灭绝."
390
949695
2757
尤其是那些大屠杀之后跑来的心理医生们
(译注:指1990年代卢旺达大屠杀)
16:04
And I said, "What kind of trouble麻烦 did you have?"
391
952452
2327
于是我问他,“什么麻烦?”
16:06
And he said, "Well,
392
954779
1546
他说,“是这样的
16:08
they would do this bizarre奇异的 thing.
393
956325
2664
他们做的事情很古怪
16:10
They didn't take people out in the sunshine阳光
394
958989
1885
他们并不会让人去阳光下活动
16:12
where you begin开始 to feel better.
395
960874
1700
虽然这会让人感觉舒服
16:14
They didn't include包括 drumming鼓声 or music音乐
to get people's人们 blood血液 going.
396
962574
3094
他们不使用音乐或打鼓的方式激发人们的情绪
16:17
They didn't involve涉及 the whole整个 community社区.
397
965668
1842
他们不会让整个社区参与其中
16:19
They didn't externalize外化 the depression萧条
398
967510
1775
他们也没有将抑郁外显化为一种恶灵
16:21
as an invasive侵入的 spirit精神.
399
969285
1433
进行驱逐
16:22
Instead代替 what they did was they took people
400
970718
2631
相反的,他们将那些(抑郁的)人单独地
16:25
one at a time into dingy灰溜溜 little rooms客房
401
973349
2628
带到一个昏暗的小房间
16:27
and had them talk for an hour小时
402
975977
1343
花一个小时
16:29
about bad things that had happened发生 to them."
403
977320
2230
让他们回忆发生在他们身上的悲惨的事情。”
16:31
(Laughter笑声) (Applause掌声)
404
979550
5460
(笑声)(掌声)
16:37
He said, "We had to ask them to leave离开 the country国家."
405
985010
2362
他说,“我们只能请他们离开这个国家了。”
16:39
(Laughter笑声)
406
987372
3057
(笑声)
16:42
Now at the other end结束 of alternative替代 treatments治疗,
407
990429
2444
现在,我想分享另外一种替代的疗法
16:44
let me tell you about Frank坦率 RussakoffRussakoff.
408
992873
2035
弗兰克·若萨克夫接受了这种替代疗法
16:46
Frank坦率 RussakoffRussakoff had the worst最差 depression萧条
409
994908
3053
弗兰克的抑郁症可能是我见过的
16:49
perhaps也许 that I've ever seen看到 in a man.
410
997961
2915
最严重的抑郁症之一
16:52
He was constantly经常 depressed郁闷.
411
1000876
1993
他一直处于抑郁状态
16:54
He was, when I met会见 him, at a point at which哪一个
412
1002869
2141
当我刚见到他的时候
16:57
every一切 month he would have electroshock电击 treatment治疗.
413
1005010
3158
他每个月都要接受电休克治疗
17:00
Then he would feel sort分类 of disoriented迷失方向 for a week.
414
1008168
2575
所以他每个月第一周会被电的迷迷糊糊
17:02
Then he would feel okay for a week.
415
1010743
1803
第二周变得正常起来
17:04
Then he would have a week of going downhill下坡.
416
1012546
1700
第三周开始情绪又开始走下坡路
17:06
And then he would have another另一个
electroshock电击 treatment治疗.
417
1014246
2685
然后他就会寻求下一次电休克治疗
17:08
And he said to me when I met会见 him,
418
1016931
1415
当我开始见到他的时候,他说
17:10
"It's unbearable不堪忍受 to go through通过 my weeks this way.
419
1018346
2552
“这种(电休克的)周期对于我而言是无法避免的
17:12
I can't go on this way,
420
1020898
1507
我不能这么下去了
17:14
and I've figured想通 out how I'm going to end结束 it
421
1022405
2264
我知道如果我不能够变好起来
17:16
if I don't get better.
422
1024669
1557
意味着什么
17:18
But," he said to me, "I heard听说 about a protocol协议
423
1026226
2708
“但是”, 他对我说,
17:20
at Mass General一般 for a procedure程序 called
424
1028934
2223
“我听说麻省总院最近在进行医疗实验,
17:23
a cingulotomycingulotomy, which哪一个 is a brain surgery手术,
425
1031157
2026
实验一种脑手术,叫扣带回切开术
17:25
and I think I'm going to give that a try."
426
1033183
2571
我想我会去尝试一下。”
17:27
And I remember记得 being存在 amazed吃惊 at that point
427
1035754
1954
我至今都记得当时我听到后的惊喜的心情
17:29
to think that someone有人
428
1037708
1300
想想这样一个人
17:31
who clearly明确地 had so many许多 bad experiences经验
429
1039008
3221
经历了如此多的悲惨经历
17:34
with so many许多 different不同 treatments治疗
430
1042229
1859
忍受了那么多的治疗方法
17:36
still had buried隐藏 in him somewhere某处 enough足够 optimism乐观
431
1044088
3122
骨子里依然有一种与生俱来的乐观
17:39
to reach达到 out for one more.
432
1047210
2550
要去尝试新的东西
17:41
And he had the cingulotomycingulotomy,
433
1049760
2180
后来他做了扣带回切开术
17:43
and it was incredibly令人难以置信 successful成功.
434
1051940
2041
出乎意料地成功
17:45
He's now a friend朋友 of mine.
435
1053981
1493
他跟我现在成为了朋友
17:47
He has a lovely可爱 wife妻子 and two beautiful美丽 children孩子.
436
1055474
3492
他有一个可爱的妻子和两个漂亮的小孩
17:50
He wrote me a letter the Christmas圣诞 after the surgery手术,
437
1058966
2949
那次手术的圣诞节后,他写了一封信给我
17:53
and he said,
438
1061915
1189
他说
17:55
"My father父亲 sent发送 me two presents礼物 this year,
439
1063104
2407
“我的父亲今年寄给我两件礼物
17:57
First, a motorized机动的 C.D. rack from The Sharper沙坡 Image图片
440
1065511
2602
一个是某个品牌的车载CD架
18:00
that I didn't really need,
441
1068113
1421
我不是很需要
18:01
but I knew知道 he was giving it to me to celebrate庆祝
442
1069534
2097
但是我知道他是给我这个的目的
18:03
the fact事实 that I'm living活的 on my own拥有
443
1071631
1728
是想要庆祝一下,我可以重新开始
18:05
and have a job工作 I seem似乎 to love.
444
1073359
2047
并且有了一份喜欢的工作
18:07
And the other present当下
445
1075406
1561
另外一件礼物
18:08
was a photo照片 of my grandmother祖母,
446
1076967
1576
是我外婆的一张照片
18:10
who committed提交 suicide自杀.
447
1078543
2252
她自杀了
18:12
As I unwrapped展开 it, I began开始 to cry,
448
1080795
2935
当我拆开包装的时候,我开始哭泣
18:15
and my mother母亲 came来了 over and said,
449
1083730
1880
我的妈妈过来问道
18:17
'Are you crying哭了 because of the
relatives亲戚们 you never knew知道?'
450
1085610
3315
‘你哭是因为你从来没有见过外婆么?’
18:20
And I said, 'She'她 had the same相同 disease疾病 I have.'
451
1088925
4088
我说,‘不,是因为她的痛苦,我同样经历过。’
18:25
I'm crying哭了 now as I write to you.
452
1093013
2581
写这封信的现在,我又忍不住哭泣
18:27
It's not that I'm so sad伤心, but I get overwhelmed不堪重负,
453
1095594
3595
不是因为悲伤,而是因为我再也无法承受
18:31
I think, because I could have killed杀害 myself,
454
1099189
2221
我想我曾经也可能会自杀
18:33
but my parents父母 kept不停 me going,
455
1101410
1703
但是我的父母给了我勇气
18:35
and so did the doctors医生,
456
1103113
1749
还有治疗我的医生们
18:36
and I had the surgery手术.
457
1104862
1854
还有这个手术
18:38
I'm alive and grateful感激.
458
1106716
2815
我活着,心怀感恩
18:41
We live生活 in the right time,
459
1109531
2260
我们活在美好的时代
18:43
even if it doesn't always feel like it."
460
1111791
3879
虽然有时候看起来很糟。”
18:47
I was struck来袭 by the fact事实 that depression萧条
461
1115670
1897
我很不能理解为什么
18:49
is broadly宽广地 perceived感知 to be
462
1117567
1725
人们普遍的把抑郁症看成是
18:51
a modern现代, Western西, middle-class中产阶级 thing,
463
1119292
3537
现代西方中产阶级特有的一种病
18:54
and I went to look at how it operated操作
464
1122829
2152
于是我开始寻找抑郁症
18:56
in a variety品种 of other contexts上下文,
465
1124981
2003
与其它社会因素的关联
18:58
and one of the things I was most interested有兴趣 in
466
1126984
2119
在可能相关的社会因素中
19:01
was depression萧条 among其中 the indigent贫困.
467
1129103
1790
我对贫困和抑郁的关系特别感兴趣
19:02
And so I went out to try to look at
468
1130893
1781
于是我做了一些研究
19:04
what was being存在 doneDONE for
poor较差的 people with depression萧条.
469
1132674
2580
尝试去了解穷人是如何治疗抑郁的
19:07
And what I discovered发现 is that poor较差的 people
470
1135254
2158
我发现大多数情况下
19:09
are mostly大多 not being存在 treated治疗 for depression萧条.
471
1137412
2557
穷人的抑郁症不会得到治疗
19:11
Depression萧条 is the result结果 of a genetic遗传 vulnerability漏洞,
472
1139969
2919
抑郁属于基因的缺陷
19:14
which哪一个 is presumably想必 evenly
distributed分散式 in the population人口,
473
1142888
3158
这意味着在不同的人群中容易抑郁的人的比例应该是一样的
19:18
and triggering触发 circumstances情况,
474
1146046
1953
生活环境的不同导致了发病率的不同
19:19
which哪一个 are likely容易 to be more severe严重
475
1147999
1903
而当人们处于贫困的生活环境中时
19:21
for people who are impoverished贫困.
476
1149902
1875
抑郁症的发病率更高, 也更严重
19:23
And yet然而 it turns out that if you have
477
1151777
2427
但是, 如果你的生活一帆风顺
19:26
a really lovely可爱 life but feel miserable all the time,
478
1154204
2140
然后你觉得自己一直都不开心
19:28
you think, "Why do I feel like this?
479
1156344
2000
你会反思, "我为什么不开心?"
19:30
I must必须 have depression萧条."
480
1158344
1669
"我一定是抑郁了."
19:32
And you set out to find treatment治疗 for it.
481
1160013
1923
然后你会去找医生给你治疗
19:33
But if you have a perfectly完美 awful可怕 life,
482
1161936
2093
但是如果你的生活本来就很糟糕
19:36
and you feel miserable all the time,
483
1164029
1867
然后你一直都不开心
19:37
the way you feel is commensurate相称 with your life,
484
1165896
2826
你的感觉和你的生活状态是相称的
19:40
and it doesn't occur发生 to you to think,
485
1168722
1724
于是你就不会想到这个是病
19:42
"Maybe this is treatable可治疗."
486
1170446
1783
"或许这个可以治疗一下"
19:44
And so we have an epidemic疫情 in this country国家
487
1172229
3136
所以实际上我们这个国家的低收入人群中
19:47
of depression萧条 among其中 impoverished贫困 people
488
1175365
2913
抑郁症像是传染病一样流行
19:50
that's not being存在 picked采摘的 up
and that's not being存在 treated治疗
489
1178278
2512
但是却一直没有被人注意过, 没有人评估过患病的规模
19:52
and that's not being存在 addressed解决,
490
1180790
2056
也没有人为这些低收入者提供治疗
19:54
and it's a tragedy悲剧 of a grand盛大 order订购.
491
1182846
2200
这是非常大的一个悲剧
19:57
And so I found发现 an academic学术的
492
1185046
1488
后来我发现了一位研究人员
19:58
who was doing a research研究 project项目
493
1186534
1817
她当时正在华盛顿特区周边的贫民窟中
20:00
in slums贫民窟 outside of D.C.,
494
1188351
1741
做与之相关的一项研究
20:02
where she picked采摘的 up women妇女 who had
come in for other health健康 problems问题
495
1190092
2997
当有妇女前来看其它的疾病时, 她会邀请这些妇女
20:05
and diagnosed确诊 them with depression萧条,
496
1193089
1779
做一个抑郁症的诊断
20:06
and then provided提供 six months个月
of the experimental试验 protocol协议.
497
1194868
3266
同时提供一份六个月的实验协议
20:10
One of them, Lolly罗尼, came来了 in,
498
1198134
2329
其中有一位女士, 名叫洛莉
20:12
and this is what she said the day she came来了 in.
499
1200463
2297
以下是她第一天到诊所来的自述
20:14
She said, and she was a woman女人, by the way,
500
1202760
3395
她说她是一位母亲
20:18
who had seven children孩子. She said,
501
1206155
2092
7个孩子的母亲, 她说,
20:20
"I used to have a job工作 but I had to give it up because
502
1208247
2651
"我曾经有一份工作, 但是不得不辞掉了"
20:22
I couldn't不能 go out of the house.
503
1210898
2060
"因为我无法离开我的屋子"
20:24
I have nothing to say to my children孩子.
504
1212958
2228
我一句话都不想跟我的孩子们说
20:27
In the morning早上, I can't wait for them to leave离开,
505
1215186
2767
早晨, 我迫不及待的让孩子们出门上学
20:29
and then I climb in bed and
pull the covers盖子 over my head,
506
1217953
2990
然后立刻爬上床蒙头大睡
20:32
and three o'clock when they come home,
507
1220943
1646
然后下午三点他们就陆续回家了
20:34
it just comes so fast快速."
508
1222589
1801
时间过得太快了
20:36
She said, "I've been taking服用 a lot of Tylenol泰诺,
509
1224390
2240
她说, "我已经吃了很多的泰诺(一种止痛药)"
20:38
anything I can take so that I can sleep睡觉 more.
510
1226630
2759
以及其它所有能够让我多睡一会儿的东西
20:41
My husband丈夫 has been telling告诉 me I'm stupid, I'm ugly丑陋.
511
1229389
3770
我的丈夫一直说我蠢, 说我令人讨厌
20:45
I wish希望 I could stop the pain疼痛."
512
1233159
3505
我真希望能够结束这痛苦
20:48
Well, she was brought into
this experimental试验 protocol协议,
513
1236664
2640
然后她接受了实验协议开始进行治疗
20:51
and when I interviewed采访 her six months个月 later后来,
514
1239304
2308
六个月之后当我去采访她的时候
20:53
she had taken采取 a job工作 working加工 in childcare育儿
515
1241612
4407
她有了一份新工作, 在美国海军(的幼儿园)
20:58
for the U.S. Navy海军, she had left the abusive滥用的 husband丈夫,
516
1246019
3805
照看孩子, 她离开了以前那个虐待她的丈夫
21:01
and she said to me,
517
1249824
2082
她对我说
21:03
"My kids孩子 are so much happier幸福 now."
518
1251906
2369
我的孩子们现在比以前开心多了
21:06
She said, "There's one room房间 in my new place地点
519
1254275
1977
她说, 现在我的新家有两个孩子的卧室
21:08
for the boys男孩 and one room房间 for the girls女孩,
520
1256252
2608
男孩子们一间, 女孩子们一间
21:10
but at night, they're just all up on my bed,
521
1258860
2539
到了晚上的时候, 他们都会来到我的房间
21:13
and we're doing homework家庭作业
all together一起 and everything.
522
1261399
2612
我们一直做家庭作业, 做其它的事情
21:16
One of them wants to be a preacher牧师,
523
1264011
1673
一个儿子立志做一名牧师
21:17
one of them wants to be a firefighter消防队员,
524
1265684
1700
另一个想要做消防队员
21:19
and one of the girls女孩 says she's going to be a lawyer律师.
525
1267384
2966
我的一个女儿想要做一名律师
21:22
They don't cry like they used to,
526
1270350
2005
他们不像以前那样哭得那么频繁
21:24
and they don't fight斗争 like they did.
527
1272355
2558
也不再像以前那样相互打来打去了
21:26
That's all I need now is my kids孩子.
528
1274913
3780
看着这些孩子, 我现在觉得很满足
21:30
Things keep on changing改变,
529
1278693
1912
一切都在不断的变好
21:32
the way I dress连衣裙, the way I feel, the way I act法案.
530
1280605
5193
我的穿着, 我的情绪, 我的言行
21:37
I can go outside not being存在 afraid害怕 anymore,
531
1285798
3687
我不会再像以前那样害怕出门
21:41
and I don't think those bad feelings情怀 are coming未来 back,
532
1289485
3409
也不会再担心糟糕的心情会卷土重来
21:44
and if it weren't for Dr博士. Miranda米兰达 and that,
533
1292894
3035
如果没有米兰达医生(那位研究人员)的帮助
21:47
I would still be at home with
the covers盖子 pulled over my head,
534
1295929
3617
我现在可能还我在家里, 用被子蒙住头呼呼大睡
21:51
if I were still alive at all.
535
1299546
2349
或许我已经死了
21:53
I asked the Lord to send发送 me an angel天使,
536
1301895
3732
我曾祈祷上帝为我下凡一位天使
21:57
and he heard听说 my prayers祈祷."
537
1305627
4330
而上帝听到了我的声音." (译注: 指米兰达博士)
22:01
I was really moved移动 by these experiences经验,
538
1309959
3353
我被这些真实的故事深深打动了
22:05
and I decided决定 that I wanted to write about them
539
1313312
2539
我之前计划只是写一本书来记录
22:07
not only in a book I was working加工 on,
540
1315851
1379
但是现在我觉得远远不够
22:09
but also in an article文章,
541
1317230
1311
我还要写一篇文章(让更多的人知道)
22:10
and so I got a commission佣金 from
The New York纽约 Times Magazine杂志
542
1318541
2321
所以我跟纽约时报杂志说好
22:12
to write about depression萧条 among其中 the indigent贫困.
543
1320862
2016
写一篇有关低收入群里中抑郁症的报告
22:14
And I turned转身 in my story故事,
544
1322878
1616
当我写好之后
22:16
and my editor编辑 called me and said,
545
1324494
1596
我的编辑打电话给我说
22:18
"We really can't publish发布 this."
546
1326090
1710
我们真的没办法发表这个
22:19
And I said, "Why not?"
547
1327800
1750
然后我问, "为什么?"
22:21
And she said, "It just is too far-fetched牵强.
548
1329550
2305
她说, "故事太牵强了"
22:23
These people who are sort分类 of at
the very bottom底部 rung梯级 of society社会
549
1331855
3778
这些人生活在接近社会底层的地方
22:27
and then they get a few少数 months个月 of treatment治疗
550
1335633
1704
然后他们经过了六个月的治疗
22:29
and they're virtually实质上 ready准备 to run Morgan摩根 Stanley斯坦利?
551
1337337
2632
然后他们就可以去管理摩根史坦利了?
(译注: 一家知名投资机构)
22:31
It's just too implausible难以置信."
552
1339969
1854
太没有说服力了
22:33
She said, I've never even heard听说 of anything like it."
553
1341823
2205
她说, "我从来没有听过这样的事情"
22:36
And I said, "The fact事实 that you've never heard听说 of it
554
1344028
2534
然后我说, "你从没有听说过"
22:38
is an indication迹象 that it is news新闻."
555
1346562
3000
恰恰说明这个是一个'新闻'
22:41
(Laughter笑声) (Applause掌声)
556
1349562
6134
(笑声)(掌声)
22:49
"And you are a news新闻 magazine杂志."
557
1357317
2494
而且你们是一家新闻媒体啊
22:51
So after a certain某些 amount of negotiation谈判,
558
1359811
1982
来回协商了几次之后
22:53
they agreed同意 to it.
559
1361793
1241
他们同意发表了
22:55
But I think a lot of what they said
560
1363034
1615
但是他们说的话让我想了很多
22:56
was connected连接的 in some strange奇怪 way
561
1364649
2295
他们这种态度跟另外一个观点多少有点关系
22:58
to this distaste厌恶 that people still have
562
1366944
2142
即很多人还是反感
23:01
for the idea理念 of treatment治疗,
563
1369086
1463
抑郁症需要治疗这个观点
23:02
the notion概念 that somehow不知何故 if we went out
564
1370549
1882
好像这就意味着我们会开始
23:04
and treated治疗 a lot of people in indigent贫困 communities社区,
565
1372431
2696
大规模的开始治疗低收入者
23:07
that would be an exploitative剥削 thing to do,
566
1375127
1898
这将是一件带有剥削性质的事情
23:09
because we would be changing改变 them.
567
1377025
1642
因为我们是在改造他们
23:10
There is this false moral道德 imperative势在必行
568
1378667
2033
看起来我们所有的人
23:12
that seems似乎 to be all around us
569
1380700
1789
都受到一种教条的影响
23:14
that treatment治疗 of depression萧条,
570
1382489
2354
即治疗抑郁的疗法也好,
23:16
the medications药物治疗 and so on, are an artifice技巧,
571
1384843
2299
药物也好, 都是人造的产物
23:19
and that it's not natural自然.
572
1387142
2172
并不是自然的结果
23:21
And I think that's very misguided误导.
573
1389314
2849
我觉得这完全是使入歧途了
23:24
It would be natural自然 for people's人们 teeth to fall秋季 out,
574
1392163
3532
虽然人老了掉牙是很自然的时候
23:27
but there is nobody没有人 militatingmilitating against反对 toothpaste牙膏,
575
1395695
3330
但是这并不影响任何人使用牙膏
23:31
at least最小 not in my circles.
576
1399025
2128
至少我的周围没有
23:33
And people then say, "Well, but isn't depression萧条
577
1401153
2502
人们可能会接着问, "那么, 抑郁本身
23:35
part部分 of what people are supposed应该 to experience经验?
578
1403655
2185
不应该是我们注定需要经历的一个过程么
23:37
Didn't we evolve发展 to have depression萧条?
579
1405840
1741
难道抑郁不是我们的演化的结果么
23:39
Isn't it part部分 of your personality个性?"
580
1407581
1907
难道这不是你个性的一部分么
23:41
To which哪一个 I would say, mood心情 is adaptive自适应.
581
1409488
2746
对此我的看法是, 情绪是有适应性的
23:44
Being存在 able能够 to have sadness and fear恐惧
582
1412234
3329
对于我们而言
23:47
and joy喜悦 and pleasure乐趣
583
1415563
1842
能够感受喜怒哀乐
23:49
and all of the other moods情绪 that we have,
584
1417405
1803
以及其它丰富的情感
23:51
that's incredibly令人难以置信 valuable有价值.
585
1419208
2064
意义重大
23:53
And major重大的 depression萧条 is something that happens发生
586
1421272
3047
而当一个人总是抑郁的时候, 那一定是
23:56
when that system系统 gets得到 broken破碎.
587
1424319
2012
他的情绪系统出问题了
23:58
It's maladaptive不适应.
588
1426331
1717
不再能够适应环境了
24:00
People will come to me and say,
589
1428048
1572
有些人会跟我这样说,
24:01
"I think, though虽然, if I just stick it out for another另一个 year,
590
1429620
2768
"即便如此, 我想如果我自己再多熬一年"
24:04
I think I can just get through通过 this."
591
1432388
2076
我就可以走出抑郁了
24:06
And I always say to them, "You may可能 get through通过 it,
592
1434464
2303
对此我总是这样回答, "或许你能够自己走出来,
24:08
but you'll你会 never be 37 again.
593
1436767
2709
但是失去的青春你再也找不回了
24:11
Life is short, and that's a whole整个 year
594
1439476
2550
人生苦短, 你现在却在跟我说
24:14
you're talking about giving up.
595
1442026
1956
要浪费一年的时间(自己挺过抑郁)
24:15
Think it through通过."
596
1443982
1538
你再想想
24:17
It's a strange奇怪 poverty贫穷 of the English英语 language语言,
597
1445520
2846
关于抑郁这种情感, 英语中用来形容的词出奇地少
24:20
and indeed确实 of many许多 other languages语言,
598
1448366
2108
当然别的语言也多不到哪里去
24:22
that we use this same相同 word, depression萧条,
599
1450474
2218
我们用'depression'这一个单词
(译注: 中文可以翻译成'沮丧'或'抑郁')
24:24
to describe描述 how a kid孩子 feels感觉
600
1452692
1805
即用来描述一个小孩子
24:26
when it rains降雨 on his birthday生日,
601
1454497
1712
生日那天下大雨的心情
24:28
and to describe描述 how somebody feels感觉
602
1456209
2528
也用来描述一个自杀者
24:30
the minute分钟 before they commit承诺 suicide自杀.
603
1458737
2454
自杀前一分钟的感觉
24:33
People say to me, "Well, is it
continuous连续 with normal正常 sadness?"
604
1461191
3105
人们会问, "这是不是就是长时间的悲伤?"
24:36
And I say, in a way it's continuous连续
with normal正常 sadness.
605
1464296
3144
某种意义上可以这么理解
24:39
There is a certain某些 amount of continuity连续性,
606
1467440
2200
悲伤和抑郁之间有一定的连续性
24:41
but it's the same相同 way there's continuity连续性
607
1469640
1957
但是他们之间的连续性就像是
24:43
between之间 having an iron fence篱笆 outside your house
608
1471597
1987
悲伤可以看成是你房子周围的铁栅栏
24:45
that gets得到 a little rust spot
609
1473584
1677
有一点生锈了
24:47
that you have to sand off and do a little repainting重绘,
610
1475261
2746
你需要用沙纸打磨一下重新喷漆
24:50
and what happens发生 if you leave离开
the house for 100 years年份
611
1478007
2647
但是如果你的房子100年没有人住了
24:52
and it rusts锈病 through通过 until直到 it's only a pile
612
1480654
2898
那么铁栅栏会锈蚀到只剩下
24:55
of orange橙子 dust灰尘.
613
1483552
1234
一堆黄锈
24:56
And it's that orange橙子 dust灰尘 spot,
614
1484786
2173
悲伤和抑郁的差别
24:58
that orange橙子 dust灰尘 problem问题,
615
1486959
1789
就好比生了一点锈和锈蚀到什么都没有了
25:00
that's the one we're setting设置 out to address地址.
616
1488748
2989
后者是我们要解决的问题
25:03
So now people say,
617
1491737
2240
现在人们会问
25:05
"You take these happy快乐 pills, and do you feel happy快乐?"
618
1493977
2731
你吃了这些快乐丸(指抗抑郁药), 你快乐么
25:08
And I don't.
619
1496708
1886
25:10
But I don't feel sad伤心 about having to eat lunch午餐,
620
1498594
2822
但是我不会因为要吃饭而不开心
25:13
and I don't feel sad伤心 about my answering回答 machine,
621
1501416
2836
不会因为要回电话而不开心
25:16
and I don't feel sad伤心 about taking服用 a shower淋浴.
622
1504252
2845
不会因为要洗澡而感到不开心
25:19
I feel more, in fact事实, I think,
623
1507097
2854
事实上我觉得自己的感受比以前更多
25:21
because I can feel sadness without nullity无效.
624
1509951
2430
因为我现在能够体会到悲伤, 但是不会感到虚无
25:24
I feel sad伤心 about professional专业的 disappointments失望,
625
1512381
4347
我会因为工作上的不如意而悲伤
25:28
about damaged破损 relationships关系,
626
1516728
2347
会因为破碎的爱情悲伤
25:31
about global全球 warming变暖.
627
1519075
2039
会因为全球变暖而悲伤
25:33
Those are the things that I feel sad伤心 about now.
628
1521114
2725
这些是我当下能够体会到的悲伤
25:35
And I said to myself, well, what is the conclusion结论?
629
1523839
2734
最后我问自己, "结论是什么呢?"
25:38
How did those people who have better lives生活
630
1526573
2561
为什么有些人的生活条件更好
25:41
even with bigger depression萧条 manage管理 to get through通过?
631
1529134
2554
却需要去战胜更严重的抑郁?
25:43
What is the mechanism机制 of resilience弹性?
632
1531688
2797
又为什么我们能够康复?
25:46
And what I came来了 up with over time
633
1534485
2084
我总是一次次地遇见
25:48
was that the people who deny拒绝 their experience经验,
634
1536569
2916
抑郁之后的康复者不愿意接受这段经历
25:51
the ones那些 who say, "I was depressed郁闷 a long time ago
635
1539485
2032
他们会说, "我很久之前抑郁过,
25:53
and I never want to think about it again
636
1541517
1737
我再也不想回忆那段时光了
25:55
and I'm not going to look at it
637
1543254
1242
我也不会再去分析它
25:56
and I'm just going to get on with my life,"
638
1544496
1890
我只希望继续自己当下的生活
25:58
ironically讽刺地, those are the people
639
1546386
1959
讽刺的是, 恰恰是这些人
26:00
who are most enslaved奴役 by what they have.
640
1548345
2698
最容易被他们过往经历的纠缠不放
26:03
Shutting关闭 out the depression萧条 strengthens强化剂 it.
641
1551043
2564
回避抑郁, 只会让它更凶猛
26:05
While you hide隐藏 from it, it grows成长.
642
1553607
3280
你越躲, 它越强
26:08
And the people who do better
643
1556887
2860
而另外一些人
26:11
are the ones那些 who are able能够 to tolerate容忍 the fact事实
644
1559747
2599
他们承认并接纳自己有抑郁这个事实
26:14
that they have this condition条件.
645
1562346
1622
他们表现得更好一些
26:15
Those who can tolerate容忍 their depression萧条
646
1563968
2470
能够接纳自己抑郁的人
26:18
are the ones那些 who achieve实现 resilience弹性.
647
1566438
1782
最终会康复起来
26:20
So Frank坦率 RussakoffRussakoff said to me,
648
1568220
1783
弗兰克对我说
26:22
"If I had it again to do over,
649
1570003
1516
如果一切重新来过
26:23
I suppose假设 I wouldn't不会 do it this way,
650
1571519
2137
那么我可能会换种处理方式
26:25
but in a strange奇怪 way, I'm grateful感激
651
1573656
1964
但是很奇怪地, 我很感激
26:27
for what I've experienced有经验的.
652
1575620
1503
感激我经历过的一切
26:29
I'm glad高兴 to have been in the hospital醫院 40 times.
653
1577123
3817
我很高兴住了40次医院
26:32
It taught me so much about love,
654
1580940
2603
这段经历让我深刻的理解了什么是爱
26:35
and my relationship关系 with my parents父母 and my doctors医生
655
1583543
2840
我的爱人, 我的父母, 以及我的医生
26:38
has been so precious珍贵 to me, and will be always."
656
1586383
4389
这对我而言都是巨大的恩赐, 过去是, 将来也是.
26:42
And Maggie劣质煤 Robbins罗宾斯 said,
657
1590772
1926
玛吉·罗宾斯说
26:44
"I used to volunteer志愿者 in an AIDS艾滋病 clinic诊所,
658
1592698
2989
我在艾滋诊所做过志愿者
26:47
and I would just talk and talk and talk,
659
1595687
3014
我跟自己负责的病人
26:50
and the people I was dealing交易 with
660
1598701
1813
不断的说话, 但是
26:52
weren't very responsive响应, and I thought,
661
1600514
2067
他们的反应并不积极, 然后我想
26:54
'That's not very friendly友善 or helpful有帮助 of them.'
662
1602581
3961
'是不是对他们来说这样不太友好, 或不管用.'
26:58
And then I realized实现,
663
1606542
1642
后来我意识到
27:00
I realized实现 that they weren't going to do more
664
1608184
2127
我意识到在第一次见面的简短聊天中
27:02
than make those first few少数 minutes分钟 of small talk.
665
1610311
2387
他们只要能够坐在那里就好
27:04
It was simply只是 going to be an occasion场合
666
1612698
2057
第一次的聊天实际上是一个机会
27:06
where I didn't have AIDS艾滋病 and I wasn't dying垂死,
667
1614755
2878
让他们认识到虽然我没有艾滋病, 我没有等待死亡,
27:09
but could tolerate容忍 the fact事实 that they did
668
1617633
2973
但是我能够接受他们有艾滋病
27:12
and they were.
669
1620606
1787
并不断恶化的事实
27:14
Our needs需求 are our greatest最大 assets资产.
670
1622393
3603
我们的需求是我们最宝贵的财富
27:17
It turns out I've learned学到了 to give
671
1625996
2139
后来我学会了
27:20
all the things I need."
672
1628135
4025
如何尽我所能(去帮助他人)
27:24
Valuing价值评估 one's那些 depression萧条
673
1632160
1691
正视抑郁的价值
27:25
does not prevent避免 a relapse复发,
674
1633851
2194
并不能保证不再复发
27:28
but it may可能 make the prospect展望 of relapse复发
675
1636045
2661
但是却能改变看待抑郁复发的态度
27:30
and even relapse复发 itself本身 easier更轻松 to tolerate容忍.
676
1638706
4218
甚至会减弱抑郁复发的程度
27:34
The question is not so much
677
1642924
2045
我们要解决的问题
27:36
of finding发现 great meaning含义 and deciding决定
678
1644969
2175
并不是要去找到伟大的意义和决策
27:39
your depression萧条 has been very meaningful富有意义的.
679
1647144
2027
让你的抑郁看起来意义非凡
27:41
It's of seeking that meaning含义
680
1649171
2171
而是要去寻找这样的意义
27:43
and thinking思维, when it comes again,
681
1651342
1804
能够让你思考, 当抑郁卷土重来
27:45
"This will be hellish地狱般,
682
1653146
1640
"这会向下地狱般痛苦,
27:46
but I will learn学习 something from it."
683
1654786
2701
但是我会受益良多
27:49
I have learned学到了 in my own拥有 depression萧条
684
1657487
2264
我从自己的抑郁中看到
27:51
how big an emotion情感 can be,
685
1659751
2013
情绪的作用能够如此之大
27:53
how it can be more real真实 than facts事实,
686
1661764
3097
甚至能够盖过客观存在
27:56
and I have found发现 that that experience经验
687
1664861
2949
而且我发现我的这段经历
27:59
has allowed允许 me to experience经验 positive emotion情感
688
1667810
2892
让我能够更加强烈和专注的
28:02
in a more intense激烈 and more focused重点 way.
689
1670702
3520
去感受和体会积极向上的情绪
28:06
The opposite对面 of depression萧条 is not happiness幸福,
690
1674222
3487
抑郁的反面不是快乐
28:09
but vitality活力,
691
1677709
1454
而是活力
28:11
and these days, my life is vital重要,
692
1679163
2741
现在这段时间, 我的生活充满活力
28:13
even on the days when I'm sad伤心.
693
1681904
2745
即便我有时会悲伤, 也是如此
28:16
I felt that funeral葬礼 in my brain,
694
1684649
3313
我看到自己的脑海中也进行着一场葬礼
28:19
and I satSAT next下一个 to the colossus巨人
695
1687962
2024
我坐在世界的边缘
28:21
at the edge边缘 of the world世界,
696
1689986
2247
挨着一个巨人
28:24
and I have discovered发现
697
1692233
2089
我发现
28:26
something inside of myself
698
1694322
1851
身体里的一些东西
28:28
that I would have to call a soul灵魂
699
1696173
2133
称为灵魂的东西
28:30
that I had never formulated制定
until直到 that day 20 years年份 ago
700
1698306
3756
在20年前尚未真正的成型
28:34
when hell地狱 came来了 to pay工资 me a surprise visit访问.
701
1702062
4518
直到地狱的使者突然出现
28:38
I think that while I hated being存在 depressed郁闷
702
1706580
4098
我想, 虽然我很厌恶抑郁时候的状态
28:42
and would hate讨厌 to be depressed郁闷 again,
703
1710678
2334
也很厌恶抑郁旧病复发
28:45
I've found发现 a way to love my depression萧条.
704
1713012
2744
我还是会寻到一种方法接受并爱抑郁的自己
28:47
I love it because it has forced被迫 me
705
1715756
2025
我爱它, 因为他迫使我去寻找快乐
28:49
to find and cling依偎 to joy喜悦.
706
1717781
2769
并牢牢抓住
28:52
I love it because each day I decide决定,
707
1720550
3488
我爱它, 因为它让我在生活中
28:56
sometimes有时 gamely勇敢地,
708
1724038
1540
牢牢抓住
28:57
and sometimes有时 against反对 the moment's片刻的 reason原因,
709
1725578
2698
让我活下去的理由, 虽然有时候也会不那么理性
29:00
to cleave劈开 to the reasons原因 for living活的.
710
1728276
2578
虽然偶尔也会游戏人生
29:02
And that, I think, is a highly高度 privileged特权 rapture欢天喜地.
711
1730854
4123
而这, 我想, 是非常值得高兴和赞赏的事情.
29:06
Thank you.
712
1734977
3983
谢谢大家
29:10
(Applause掌声)
713
1738960
3136
(掌声)
Translated by Psycho Decoder
Reviewed by Tingting Zhao

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Andrew Solomon - Writer
Andrew Solomon writes about politics, culture and psychology.

Why you should listen

Andrew Solomon is a writer, lecturer and Professor of Clinical Psychology at Columbia University. He is president of PEN American Center. He writes regularly for The New Yorker and the New York Times.

Solomon's newest book, Far and Away: Reporting from the Brink of Change, Seven Continents, Twenty-Five Years was published in April, 2016. His previous book, Far From the Tree: Parents, Children, and the Search for Identity won the National Book Critics Circle award for nonfiction, the Wellcome Prize and 22 other national awards. It tells the stories of parents who not only learn to deal with their exceptional children but also find profound meaning in doing so. It was a New York Times bestseller in both hardcover and paperback editions. Solomon's previous book, The Noonday Demon: An Atlas of Depression, won the 2001 National Book Award for Nonfiction, was a finalist for the 2002 Pulitzer Prize and was included in The Times of London's list of one hundred best books of the decade. It has been published in twenty-four languages. Solomon is also the author of the novel A Stone Boat and of The Irony Tower: Soviet Artists in a Time of Glasnost.

Solomon is an activist in LGBT rights, mental health, education and the arts. He is a member of the boards of directors of the National LGBTQ Force and Trans Youth Family Allies. He is a member of the Board of Visitors of Columbia University Medical Center, serves on the National Advisory Board of the Depression Center at the University of Michigan, is a director of Columbia Psychiatry and is a member of the Advisory Board of the Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance. Solomon also serves on the boards of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Yaddo and The Alex Fund, which supports the education of Romani children. He is also a fellow of Berkeley College at Yale University and a member of the New York Institute for the Humanities and the Council on Foreign Relations.

Solomon lives with his husband and son in New York and London and is a dual national. He also has a daughter with a college friend; mother and daughter live in Texas but visit often.


More profile about the speaker
Andrew Solomon | Speaker | TED.com