António Guterres: Refugees have the right to be protected
Антонио Гутерес: Бегалците имаат право да бидат заштитени
António Guterres is at the forefront of advocating for refugee rights around the world. Full bio
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за присуството на ТЕД.
thank you for coming to TED.
-БЏ: Да започнеме со бројките.
и мигранти пристигнаа во Европа
and migrants arrived in Europe
од Сирија и Ирак, се разбира,
but also from Afghanistan
Бангладеш, Еритреа и други.
of two different kinds:
пријателски настроени и затворени граници.
and the long-term perspective.
spiked so fast in the last six months?
толкав замав во последните месеци?
what triggered this huge increase
причина за порастот
into Europe from Africa, from Asia,
од Африка и Азија,
we had this massive increase
се случи овој масовен пораст
Мислам дека има три причини.
in relation to Syrians,
во однос на Сиријците
clear for people.
сѐ помалку и помалку надеж.
to go back home,
at the end of the tunnel.
во соседните земји се влошија.
countries have been deteriorating.
на апсолутна сиромаштија.
одат на училиште,
are living very badly.
на животот е лош.
далеку од дома,
what they have suffered,
тоа што го доживејаа,
very dramatic conditions.
was when all of a sudden,
for lack of resources,
поради недостиг на ресурси
to the Syrian refugees.
за Сириските бегалци за 30%.
on international support,
од меѓународна помош,
is abandoning us."
in large numbers
enough to do it,
many people is it's not only sudden,
ги изненади е тоа што
happening for five years.
and villages and towns around Syria.
села и градови околу Сирија.
about the situation
of a breakdown of Libya, for example,
на Либија, на пример,
you don't want to recognize the reality.
препознаеш вистината.
the capacity to make them.
the spike occurred,
се случи бегалскиот бран
a mechanism to manage the situation.
за да се справи со состојбите
is 550 million people,
Европската, Унија е 550 милиони луѓе
per every 2,000 Europeans.
на 2.000 Европејци.
per three Lebanese.
на тројца Либанци.
of course, but it's managing.
that could have been managed
можевме да се справиме?
important thing,
addressing the root causes,
together in solidarity
reception capacity of entry points?
на влезните точки?
points need to be massively supported,
треба масовно да бидат поддржани,
with security checks
со безбедносни контроли,
into all European countries,
низ сите Европски држави,
of each country.
the relocation program
always too little too late,
секогаш премалку, предоцна,
to receive four thousand.
if it is managed,
ако се справиме со него,
the pressure is at the point of entry,
притисокот е на влезовите,
in this chaotic way through the Balkans,
во овој хаос низ Балканот,
Sweden, basically, and Austria.
Австрија, првенствено.
in the end, receiving the refugees.
прифаќаат бегалците на крај.
without doing much.
не правејќи многу.
three questions,
поставам три прашања,
се многу присутни
in Europe right now,
во Европа токму сега.
is not much, but realistically,
еден милион не е многу, но реално,
that has no answer,
the right to be protected.
право да бидат заштитени.
as international law,
"I take 10,000 and that's finished."
'јас ќе земам10.000 и готово'
I remember one minister saying,
сеќавам еден министер рече:
up to 100,000 people."
three-hundred thousand
2 милиони и 300 илјади
if you count all refugees.
how many we can take.
колкав број можеме да примиме.
how we can we organize ourselves
да се организираме
responsibilities?
меѓународни одговорности?
да го направи тоа,
because there is no solidarity
there are many other areas.
има многу други области.
in which we need more Europe
ни треба повеќе од Европа
in European institutions,
во европските институции,
to convince the public
јавноста дека
to solve these problems.
ги решиме проблемите.
на точката
shifts, particularly domestically.
превирања,особено внатрешни.
and over in many countries:
and in Switzerland and elsewhere,
и на други места.
because of the numbers,
радикално се менува поради бројките,
in absolute numbers.
во апсолутни броеви.
opening the news every single day,
гледајќи ги вестите секој ден,
were of hundreds
is taking care of it --
не се грижи за нив-
kind of management.
"They are coming to my village."
„Тие доаѓаат во моето село.“
that Europe was being invaded
слика дека Европа е нападната
and everything will --
-и сѐ ќе се смени.
had been properly managed,
правилно се управуваше,
screened at point of entry,
проверени на секој влез
to different European countries,
различни земји во Европа
за многумина.
a lot of people scared,
to do the job properly.
да ја заврши работата.
management of the situation
начин за справување
of people all over Europe,
луѓето низ Европа
the percentage that I mentioned:
кој го споменав:
properly managed
правилно управување
and of course if you have a village --
и се разбира ако имате село-
Lebanon has been living with that.
Либан живее со тоа.
to happen in Europe,
more refugees than inhabitants.
бегалци од жители.
to do the job properly,
врши работата прописно,
to receive people
за да прими луѓе
were forced to do in the past.
земји да направат во минатото.
situation not only at Europe --
состојба, не само Европа-
so, not only at Europe,
состојба, не само Европа,
a long list of countries
долг список на земји
in the other part --
who's doing the right thing?
вистинските нешта?
of the refugees in the world
countries like Ethiopia --
more than 600,000 refugees.
that every refugee should be received.
бегалец треба да се прифати.
welcoming of refugees coming,
пресретливи кон бегалците,
for borders to be open.
кон отворени граници.
with the Syrian situation,
со ситуацијата во Сирија,
into also a major security crisis,
безбедносна криза,
подолг период,
were open for, at the time,
отворени истовремено за
the trend in the developing world
трендот во земјите во развој
is for these questions to become
е дека овие прашања
in the public opinion,
protections on one side
на бегалците од една страна
misinterpreted -- on the other side.
толкувана-од друга страна.
of funding and the vouchers
на финансиите и ваучерите
of the organizations
финансирње на организациите
and more support,
close to the levels of last year.
од минатата година.
to address the needs of the people
задоволат потребите на луѓето
of the criteria, the objectives,
на критериумите и целите,
cooperation that is required.
потребната соработка.
are middle-income countries.
средно развиени земји.
or grants from the World Bank.
и грантови од Светска Банка.
a global public good.
благосостојба.
of stability in the region,
на стабилност во регионот.
of our collective security.
колективна сигурност.
are not a first priority
in very dramatic circumstances
во драматични услови
themselves are suffering,
at today's situation
денешната состојба,
their poor groups of the population,
население,
because of the crisis they are facing.
кризата со која се соочуваат.
organizations, the European Union?
организацци, ЕУ?
cooperation is essential.
cooperation is essential.
соработка е неопходна.
institutions should have flexibility
треба да се флексибилни
more massively
and to understand that today,
и да разбереме дека денес,
at a certain moment,
to make a distinction
and development aid
about children in school,
that is overcrowded.
that require a long-term perspective,
долгорочни перспективи,
humanitarian aid perspective.
хуманитарна помош.
by the current front-runner
водечки републикански кандидат за
for US President, Donald Trump.
and complete shutdown
и целосна забрана
can figure out what's going on."
не откријат што се случува.“
around the world
saying, for instance,
велат, на пример,
should not be received.
да се прифаќаат.
that by doing or saying this,
the security of their countries.
нивните земји.
нивните земји
to Muslim refugees,"
Муслиманските бегалци,“
is the best possible help
of terrorist organizations.
организации.
by all the Muslims in your own country,
во вашите земји,
for the recruitment
through technology,
and all those other groups
и сите групи кои
"You are right, we are against you."
„Во право сте, ние сме против вас“
in societies that are all multiethnic,
мулти-етнички општества,
in which, really,
која, навистина
of these terrorist organizations
терористичките организации
people for terror acts
луѓе за терористички дејства
of sentences are expressed.
вакви реченици.
and the reactions to them
во Париз и реакциите
for many people the first reaction
многумина првата реакција
attacks is: close all borders --
затворете ги сите граници-
problem in Europe is largely homegrown.
тероризмот во Европа е главно 'домашен.'
of European fighters in Syria and in Iraq,
борци во Сирија и Ирак
by just not allowing Syrians to come in.
забрана за Сиријците да влегуваат.
by the person who has blown --
кое се крена во воздух-
of Daesh is against refugees,
се против бегалците,
that should be with the caliphate
треба да се во калифатот
strategy to make Europe react,
да ја присили Европа да реагира,
муслиманските бегалци
towards Muslims inside Europe,
Муслиманите во Европа,
it was not the refugee movement
не беше бегалското движење
is today a homegrown movement
'домашно' движење
that we are facing,
со која се соочуваме,
to prove these groups wrong,
групи не се во право
на ефикасен начин
from that part of the world.
is that to a large extent,
in the '70s, in the '80s,
и 80-те години,
that took place at that time
кои тогаш се случуваа
in many of the people, for instance,
на пример,
that are not adequately provided
sometimes even anger,
понекогаш и бес
of integration policies,
политиката за интеграција,
a much stronger investment
биде поголема инвестиција
to live together and respect each other.
живот и меѓусебна почит.
will be multiethnic, multicultural,
мулти-етнички, мулти-културни,
in my opinion, impossible.
е невозможно.
that they will be like that,
for that to work properly,
функционира тоа
of your own societies.
failed in that investment
во таа инвестиција
from your job at the end of the year,
работа на крајот на годината
for the first time, what do you see?
оваа работа, што гледате?
one million people go back home
because conflicts had ended.
бидејќи судирите завршија.
displaced by conflict in the world.
раселени заради судири во светот.
of new conflicts
на нови конфликти
никогаш не умираат.
Democratic Republic of Congo.
is much more dangerous than it was.
поопасно место од што беше.
of the international community
меѓународните заедници
and to timely solve them,
за нивно решавање
than what it was 10 years ago.
однос пред 10 години.
power relations in the world,
кои функционираат,
tend to prevail, and that means
и непредвиливост
displaced by conflicts.
заради конфликти.
the Oval Office for the last time,
овалната канцеларија
on the desk for his successor
за својот наследник
to your successor, Filippo Grandi,
наследник Филипо Гранди,
I would write any message.
напишал некаква порака.
when one leaves an office
заминува од службата
новиот што да прави.
and do your best."
for the job you do.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
António Guterres - Designate Secretary-General of the United NationsAntónio Guterres is at the forefront of advocating for refugee rights around the world.
Why you should listen
A former Portuguese prime minister, António Guterres was elected by the UN General Assembly to become the 10th United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in June 2005. In October 2016 the United Nations Security Council announced he would be the next United Nations Secretary General, succeeding the retiring Ban Ki-moon.
As High Commissioner, he heads one of the world's foremost humanitarian organizations. UNHCR has twice won the Nobel Peace Prize. Its over 9,300 staff members work in 123 countries providing protection and assistance to nearly 55 million refugees, returnees, internally displaced people and stateless persons. Some 88 percent of UNHCR staff work in the field, often in difficult and dangerous duty stations.
Before joining UNHCR, Guterres spent more than 20 years in government and public service. He served as Portuguese prime minister from 1995 to 2002, during which time he was heavily involved in the international effort to resolve the crisis in East Timor. As president of the European Council in early 2000, he led the adoption of the so-called Lisbon Agenda and co-chaired the first European Union-Africa summit. He also founded the Portuguese Refugee Council in 1991 and was part of the Council of State of Portugal from 1991 to 2002.
From 1981 to 1983, Guterres was a member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, as well as chairman of the Committee on Demography, Migration and Refugees. In addition, he has been active in Socialist International, a worldwide organization of social democratic political parties. He was the group's vice-president from 1992 to 1999 and president from 1999 until mid-2005.
Guterres was born on April 30, 1949, in Lisbon and educated at the Instituto Superior Técnico, where he remains a visiting professor. He is married and has two children.
António Guterres | Speaker | TED.com