Tim Harford: How frustration can make us more creative
Тим Харфорд: Как спънките могат да ни направят по-креативни
Tim Harford's writings reveal the economic ideas behind everyday experiences. Full bio
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called Vera Brandes
of the Cologne Opera House.
of the emergency exit sign.
блясък на знака за авариен изход.
exciting day of Vera's life.
в живота на Вера.
организатор на концерти в Германия,
concert promoter in Germany,
the Cologne Opera House
to the piano in question,
a little warily,
came over to Vera and said ...
Keith can't play."
Кийт не може да свири."
the wrong instrument.
метален звук във високия регистър,
tinny upper register,
such as the Cologne Opera House.
на операта в Кьолн.
to try to find a replacement piano.
намери друго пиано.
настройка на пианото,
rain-drenched German teenager,
германска тийнеджърка,
единствено заради теб!"
onto the stage of the opera house,
на сцената на операта,
that something magical was happening.
че се случва нещо магично.
those upper registers,
tones of the keyboard,
a soothing, ambient quality.
успокояващо звучене.
било твърде тихо,
repetitive riffs in the bass.
повтарящи се фрази в баса.
pounding down on the keys,
върху клавишите със сила
to reach the people in the back row.
за да достигне последните редове.
solo jazz album in history.
соло джаз албум в историята.
и се издигнал над него.
about Jarrett's initial instinct.
инстинктивна реакция на Джарет.
in any remotely similar situation,
we'd have the same instinct.
to do good work with bad tools.
добри резултати с грешните инструменти.
unnecessary hurdles.
да преодоляваме излишни препятствия.
също би бил погрешен.
a bit more appreciation
of having to cope with a little mess.
на преодоляването на известна бъркотия.
гимназиални учители.
материалите за у дома,
to some of their classes.
in something straightforward,
форматирани с разбираем шрифт
handouts that were formatted
материали с различен шрифт:
like Haettenschweiler,
like Comic Sans italicized.
като "Комик санс" в курсив.
to read the more difficult fonts,
с трудните шрифтове,
about what they were reading,
has been testing Harvard undergraduates
тествал студенти в Харвард
of their attentional filters.
филтри при концентрация.
imagine you're in a restaurant,
going on in the restaurant,
разговори и шумове,
върху важния за вас.
on what's important to you.
good, strong attentional filters.
имали проблем с това:
subjects struggled with that.
they had porous filters --
constantly being interrupted
of the world around them.
while they were doing their essays,
докато пишели есе,
that that was a disadvantage ...
че това е било недостатък,
these students had achieved,
creative milestone in their lives,
grists to their creative mill.
за тяхната креативност.
because their box was full of holes.
защото кутията им била цялата на дупки.
of complicated problems --
a really complicated problem?
of different variables,
of problem all in one go,
и да решите този проблем отведнъж.
is try to solve it step-by-step.
проблема стъпка по стъпка.
you test it, you improve it.
will eventually get you a good jet engine.
накрая ще ви доведе до работеща турбина.
implemented in the world.
in high performance cycling,
в професионалното колоездене,
to optimize their web pages,
да оптимизират страниците си,
for these step-by-step gains.
to solve a complicated problem.
да решите сложен проблем.
make it a better way?
което не би трябвало да проработи,
the problem-solving work better.
ще доведе до по-добри резултати.
gradually down a dead end.
да ви водят към задънена улица.
that becomes less likely,
прави това по-малко вероятно
becomes more robust.
with some colleagues,
заедно с няколко колеги,
problems to some students,
неразрешени криминални случаи.
на групи по четирима
were collected in groups of four
с информация за престъпление -
with information about a crime --
witness statements and three suspects.
показания и трима заподозрени.
were asked to figure out who did it,
да открият кой го е направил,
in this experiment.
били по-успешни,
solved the problem more effectively,
quite a lot more effectively.
of getting the answer right.
да открият верния отговор.
50 на 50 успеваемост не е добре.
50-50's not good.
didn't have any extra information,
някаква допълнителна информация,
to accommodate that awkwardness,
по различен начин заради непознатия,
да открият верния отговор.
of finding the right answer.
за наистина интересно,
и непознатият са се справили по-добре,
and the stranger did a better job,
interviewed the groups of four friends,
групите с по четири приятели,
friends and the stranger,
it's rather awkward ...
доста неудобно...
even though they had.
в разрез с резултатите.
dealing with here.
с което се сблъскваме тук.
getting in the way ...
is really important.
е наистина важен.
of the world of rock 'n' roll.
той всъщност е запален по TED,
he's actually a TED-ster.
rather brilliant.
rock 'n' roll albums of the last 40 years.
през последните 40 години:
and "The Joshua Tree,"
"Achtung Baby" и "The Joshua Tree",
he's worked with everybody.
работил е с кого ли не.
these great rock bands better?
на всички тези групи?
the unplayable piano.
in which he creates this disruption
deck of cards --
thank you, Brian.
благодаря, Брайън.
follow the instructions on the card.
Drummer on the piano --
Барабанистът сяда на пианото -
embarrassing details. Amplify them."
детайли. Подчертайте ги."
unpredictable action. Incorporate."
и нелогично. Включете го в парчето."
in album after album.
в много, много албуми.
on an early Brian Eno album.
в албум на Брайън Ино
throwing beer cans across the studio.
да хвърля бирени кутийки в студиото.
on David Bowie's "Lodger" album,
"Lodger" на Дейвид Боуи,
към Брайън и му казал:
he turns to Brian and says,
it was a pretty good album,
много добър албум.
now uses The Oblique Strategies.
също използва "Изненадващи подходи".
to use The Oblique Strategies
"Изненадващи подходи",
doesn't mean it isn't helping you.
не значи, че не ти помага.
weren't a deck of cards originally,
оформени като тесте карти -
you might try if you got stuck.
когато се намираш в безизходица.
was the least disruptive,
най-малко безпорядък,
глупави експерименти,
the stupid experiments,
with the awkward strangers,
да четем грозните шрифтове.
if we're going to accept this.
за да преодолеем дискомфорта.
from a German teenager,
на германска тийнеджърка,
the unplayable piano.
на неизправното пиано.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tim Harford - Economist, journalist, broadcasterTim Harford's writings reveal the economic ideas behind everyday experiences.
Why you should listen
In the Undercover Economist column he writes for the Financial Times, Tim Harford looks at familiar situations in unfamiliar ways and explains the fundamental principles of the modern economy. He illuminates them with clear writing and a variety of examples borrowed from daily life.
His book, Adapt: Why Success Always Starts With Failure, argues that the world has become far too unpredictable and complex for today's challenges to be tackled with ready-made solutions and expert opinions. Instead, Harford suggests, we need to learn to embrace failure and to constantly adapt, to improvise rather than plan, to work from the bottom up rather than the top down. His next book, Messy: Thriving in a Tidy-Minded World will be published in September 2016.
Harford also presents the BBC radio series More or Less, a rare broadcast program devoted, as he says, to "the powerful, sometimes beautiful, often abused but ever ubiquitous world of numbers."
He says: "I’d like to see many more complex problems approached with a willingness to experiment."
Tim Harford | Speaker | TED.com