Tim Harford: How frustration can make us more creative
Tim Harford: Como a frustração nos pode tornar mais criativos
Tim Harford's writings reveal the economic ideas behind everyday experiences. Full bio
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called Vera Brandes
of the Cologne Opera House.
of the emergency exit sign.
e pelo sinal de saída de emergência.
exciting day of Vera's life.
concert promoter in Germany,
mais jovem da Alemanha,
the Cologne Opera House
to the piano in question,
o piano em que ele ia tocar,
a little warily,
meio desconfiado,
tocou mais umas notas,
came over to Vera and said ...
Keith can't play."
Keith não poderá tocar."
the wrong instrument.
o instrumento errado.
tinny upper register,
such as the Cologne Opera House.
como o da Ópera de Colónia.
to try to find a replacement piano.
cancelasse o concerto.
rain-drenched German teenager,
onto the stage of the opera house,
that something magical was happening.
estava a acontecer.
those upper registers,
tones of the keyboard,
do teclado,
a soothing, ambient quality.
uma qualidade calma, relaxante.
repetitive riffs in the bass.
repetitivos nos graves.
pounding down on the keys,
a martelar nas teclas,
to reach the people in the back row.
para que todos conseguissem ouvir.
mais vendido da história
solo jazz album in history.
mais vendido da história.
about Jarrett's initial instinct.
de Jarrett.
numa situação parecida,
in any remotely similar situation,
we'd have the same instinct.
teria o mesmo instinto.
to do good work with bad tools.
sem as ferramentas corretas.
unnecessary hurdles.
desafios desnecessários.
também está errado.
a bit more appreciation
of having to cope with a little mess.
de lidar com um certo caos.
há uns anos,
com professores do secundário
to some of their classes.
in something straightforward,
a ser formatada com uma fonte simples,
handouts that were formatted
receberia a sebenta nova
like Haettenschweiler,
como a Haettenschweiler,
like Comic Sans italicized.
como a Comic Sans em itálico.
to read the more difficult fonts,
com as fontes mais difíceis,
exigiam-lhes mais tempo,
about what they were reading,
no que estavam a ler,
has been testing Harvard undergraduates
universitários de Harvard
of their attentional filters.
dos seus filtros de atenção.
imagine you're in a restaurant,
going on in the restaurant,
on what's important to you.
que vos interessa.
good, strong attentional filters.
filtros de atenção bons e potentes.
subjects struggled with that.
tiveram dificuldades.
they had porous filters --
muita informação desnecessária.
constantly being interrupted
constantemente a ser interrompidos
of the world around them.
à volta deles.
while they were doing their essays,
enquanto realizavam as suas tarefas,
that that was a disadvantage ...
these students had achieved,
esses alunos tinham conseguido,
creative milestone in their lives,
grists to their creative mill.
importantes no seu processo criativo.
because their box was full of holes.
porque tinham a cabeça cheia de buracos.
uma coisa complexa?
of complicated problems --
de problemas complicados.
a really complicated problem?
um problema complicado?
of different variables,
of problem all in one go,
is try to solve it step-by-step.
um de cada vez.
you test it, you improve it.
will eventually get you a good jet engine.
a conseguir um bom motor.
implemented in the world.
in high performance cycling,
no ciclismo de alta competição.
to optimize their web pages,
sobre como otimizar as páginas na Internet,
for these step-by-step gains.
to solve a complicated problem.
problemas complicados.
make it a better way?
logo no início do processo.
provavelmente, não deviam funcionar.
the problem-solving work better.
da solução dos problemas.
os ganhos marginais,
a um beco sem saída.
gradually down a dead end.
that becomes less likely,
isso torna-se mais improvável,
becomes more robust.
torna-se mais sólida.
with some colleagues,
com uns colegas,
problems to some students,
de assassínios misteriosos a estudantes.
were collected in groups of four
em grupos de quatro
with information about a crime --
informações sobre o crime
witness statements and three suspects.
e três suspeitos.
were asked to figure out who did it,
para descobrirem o culpado,
in this experiment.
nesta experiência.
solved the problem more effectively,
resolveu o mistério mais eficazmente,
quite a lot more effectively.
mais eficazmente.
of getting the answer right.
de chegar à resposta certa.
50-50's not good.
50% não é bom.
didn't have any extra information,
nenhuma informação extra,
to accommodate that awkwardness,
para resolver aquele problema,
of finding the right answer.
de encontrar a resposta correta.
and the stranger did a better job,
tenha feito um trabalho melhor,
interviewed the groups of four friends,
o grupo de quatro amigos,
dos três amigos e o estranho
friends and the stranger,
it's rather awkward ...
mais estranho —
even though they had.
um bom trabalho, embora tivessem.
dealing with here.
a resolver problemas,
getting in the way ...
is really important.
é muito importante.
of the world of rock 'n' roll.
he's actually a TED-ster.
é um elemento do TED.
rather brilliant.
brilhante, aliás.
rock 'n' roll albums of the last 40 years.
de CDs de rock dos últimos 40 anos.
and "The Joshua Tree,"
e "The Joshua Tree",
he's worked with everybody.
these great rock bands better?
essas bandas incríveis?
the unplayable piano.
in which he creates this disruption
para criar essas interferências
deck of cards --
thank you, Brian.
— obrigado, Brian.
muito tempo no estúdio,
follow the instructions on the card.
siga as instruções da carta.
Drummer on the piano --
— baterista no piano.
embarrassing details. Amplify them."
mais constrangedores. Amplifiquem-nos".
unpredictable action. Incorporate."
e inesperado. Incorporem".
in album after album.
álbum após álbum.
on an early Brian Eno album.
num primeiro álbum de Brian Eno.
throwing beer cans across the studio.
a atirar latas de cerveja pelo estúdio.
grande guitarrista do "rock",
on David Bowie's "Lodger" album,
no álbum "Lodger".
he turns to Brian and says,
olhou para Brian e disse:
it was a pretty good album,
é que o álbum é excelente.
now uses The Oblique Strategies.
ainda usa "As Estratégias Oblíquas"
to use The Oblique Strategies
para usar as "As Estratégias Oblíquas"
doesn't mean it isn't helping you.
não quer dizer que não nos seja útil.
não estavam num baralho de cartas,
weren't a deck of cards originally,
do estúdio de gravação.
you might try if you got stuck.
quando não se consegue avançar.
was the least disruptive,
menos conflituoso,
the stupid experiments,
experiências estúpidas,
with the awkward strangers,
if we're going to accept this.
para podermos aceitá-las.
from a German teenager,
adolescente alemã,
the unplayable piano.
tocar num piano horrível.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Tim Harford - Economist, journalist, broadcasterTim Harford's writings reveal the economic ideas behind everyday experiences.
Why you should listen
In the Undercover Economist column he writes for the Financial Times, Tim Harford looks at familiar situations in unfamiliar ways and explains the fundamental principles of the modern economy. He illuminates them with clear writing and a variety of examples borrowed from daily life.
His book, Adapt: Why Success Always Starts With Failure, argues that the world has become far too unpredictable and complex for today's challenges to be tackled with ready-made solutions and expert opinions. Instead, Harford suggests, we need to learn to embrace failure and to constantly adapt, to improvise rather than plan, to work from the bottom up rather than the top down. His next book, Messy: Thriving in a Tidy-Minded World will be published in September 2016.
Harford also presents the BBC radio series More or Less, a rare broadcast program devoted, as he says, to "the powerful, sometimes beautiful, often abused but ever ubiquitous world of numbers."
He says: "I’d like to see many more complex problems approached with a willingness to experiment."
Tim Harford | Speaker | TED.com