Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: La peligrosa evolución del VIH
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
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y los cielos más azules del planeta.
and bluest skies on the planet.
HIV epidemics in the world.
de más rápida propagación en el mundo.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
un desarrollo tardío.
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
brote de VIH a nivel mundial.
continue to drop in the world,
siguen disminuyendo en el mundo,
and resistant viruses arrive.
de virus más agresivos y resistentes.
into a new and different virus
en un virus nuevo y diferente
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
logrado en revertir la epidemia,
viral mutations away from disaster.
unas pocas mutaciones virales
in which HIV transforms itself
transformación del VIH
among humans of different races
entre personas de razas diferentes
is only 0.1 percent.
es de tan solo el 0,1 %.
and rhesus macaques,
simios y los macacos Rhesus,
between HIV subtypes
entre los subtipos de VIH
between an infecting mother virus
infeccioso "madre"
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
que da a luz un chimpancé,
within its lifetime.
a lo largo de su vida.
que se van descubriendo.
being discovered regularly.
is almost all of one subtype:
es casi siempre del mismo subtipo:
and do to treat HIV
y los tratamientos para combatirlo
accounts for 12 percent
de apenas el 12 %
of cases of HIV in the world.
de VIH en el mundo.
genetic difference
diferencia genética
to become drug-resistant
a crear resistencia a los fármacos
de manera más rápida.
of HIV cases in the Philippines
de casos de VIH en Filipinas
from the Western subtype B
occidental B ha mutado
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
el AE del sudeste asiático.
más graves y más jóvenes,
a los fármacos.
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
explosion of cases in these countries.
se registre en estos países
que el HIV está controlado
it can come right back.
puede volver en cualquier momento.
malaria was on the ropes.
la malaria estaba bajo control.
de casos descendía,
stopped paying attention.
dejaron de prestarle atención.
of drug-resistant malaria.
de una malaria resistente a los fármacos.
that we think we've figured out,
que creemos haber identificado,
and highly unique viruses,
muy particulares,
the next deadly epidemic.
la próxima epidemia mortal.
more powerful and new tools
nuevas y más poderosas
the next deadly HIV strain,
la próxima cepa mortal de VIH,
with urgent research
de urgentes investigaciones
of non-B subtypes.
adecuado de los subtipos no B.
han muerto por VIH.
of an AIDS-free generation.
de una generación libre de SIDA.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com