Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: Evoluția periculoasă a virusului HIV
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and bluest skies on the planet.
și cel mai albastru cer din lume.
HIV epidemics in the world.
cu cea mai rapidă răspândire din lume.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
că am avea o evoluție tardivă.
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
o renaștere globală a HIV-ului.
continue to drop in the world,
continuă să scadă,
and resistant viruses arrive.
de virusuri mai agresive și rezistente.
into a new and different virus
într-un virus nou și diferit
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
de a micșora numărul celor infectați,
viral mutations away from disaster.
distanță de dezastru.
in which HIV transforms itself
în care virusul HIV se modifică
among humans of different races
la diverse rase umane
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
și maimuța rhesus,
between HIV subtypes
între subtipurile HIV,
between an infecting mother virus
un virusul contaminant
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
dă naștere unui cimpanzeu,
within its lifetime.
pe tot parcursul vieții sale.
being discovered regularly.
în mod regulat.
is almost all of one subtype:
HIV este aproape de un singur fel:
and do to treat HIV
pentru tratarea HIV-ului
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
to become drug-resistant
să devină rezistente la medicamente
of HIV cases in the Philippines
cazurilor de HIV în Filipine
from the Western subtype B
de la subtipul B occidental
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
mult mai agresiv.
mai tineri și mai bolnavi,
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
Canada și Statele Unite.
explosion of cases in these countries.
de cazuri asemănătoare în aceste țări.
că virusul HIV a fost învins
it can come right back.
malaria was on the ropes.
malaria era aproape eliminată.
stopped paying attention.
nu i-au mai acordat atenție.
of drug-resistant malaria.
a malariei rezistente la tratament.
that we think we've figured out,
pe care credem că l-am descifrat,
and highly unique viruses,
care evoluează rapid,
the next deadly epidemic.
următoarea epidemie mortală.
more powerful and new tools
noi și mai puternice,
the next deadly HIV strain,
următoarea tulpină mortală HIV
with urgent research
asociat cu cercetarea imediată
of non-B subtypes.
subtipurilor non-B.
au murit din cauza virusului HIV.
of an AIDS-free generation.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com