Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
艾德索沙爾瓦納: 愛滋病病毒的危險演化
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and bluest skies on the planet.
最清澈的水和最藍的天。
HIV epidemics in the world.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
似乎我們只是遲開的花朵。
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
於全球捲土重來的前兆。
continue to drop in the world,
新病例的數量在持續下降,
and resistant viruses arrive.
更頑強的病毒很快就會到來。
into a new and different virus
它就有潛力將它自己轉變為
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
傳播方面有不錯的進展,
viral mutations away from disaster.
就可能會帶來一場災難。
in which HIV transforms itself
每次複製繁殖時
among humans of different races
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
between HIV subtypes
愛滋病病毒亞型之間,
between an infecting mother virus
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
生出一隻黑猩猩,
within its lifetime.
再生出任何一種類人猿。
being discovered regularly.
is almost all of one subtype:
幾乎都是同一種亞型的:
and do to treat HIV
我們大部分的知識和做法,
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
基因差異非常深奧,
to become drug-resistant
of HIV cases in the Philippines
愛滋病案例大爆發,
from the Western subtype B
東南亞 AE 亞型。
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
explosion of cases in these countries.
這些國家看到病情的集中爆發。
it can come right back.
它有可能會捲土重來。
malaria was on the ropes.
瘧疾差不多要被消滅了。
stopped paying attention.
of drug-resistant malaria.
瘧疾,致命性地再現。
that we think we've figured out,
and highly unique viruses,
the next deadly epidemic.
引發下次致命流行。
more powerful and new tools
the next deadly HIV strain,
致命的愛滋病病毒品種,
with urgent research
行為和適當治療的急迫研究。
of non-B subtypes.
還遠沒有結束。
of an AIDS-free generation.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com