Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: A perigosa evolução do VIH
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
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and bluest skies on the planet.
e os céus mais azuis do planeta.
HIV epidemics in the world.
de crescimento mais rápido do mundo.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
estamos apenas num pico tardio
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
o reaparecimento global do VIH.
continue to drop in the world,
de VIH continuem a baixar a nível mundial,
de curta duração
and resistant viruses arrive.
de vírus mais agressivos e resistentes.
into a new and different virus
num vírus novo e diferente
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
feitos em fazer regredir a epidemia,
mutações virais para o desastre.
viral mutations away from disaster.
in which HIV transforms itself
como o VIH se transforma
among humans of different races
entre seres humanos de diferentes etnias,
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
e macacos Rhesus,
between HIV subtypes
entre subtipos do VIH
between an infecting mother virus
entre um vírus mãe infeccioso
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
dar à luz um chimpanzé
grandes primatas, durante a vida.
within its lifetime.
being discovered regularly.
novos subtipos.
is almost all of one subtype:
é quase todo do mesmo subtipo,
and do to treat HIV
e fazemos para tratar o VIH
o subtipo B,
accounts for 12 percent
apenas por 12%
of cases of HIV in the world.
de VIH no mundo.
genetic difference
a ficarem resistentes aos medicamentos
to become drug-resistant
para a SIDA.
of HIV cases in the Philippines
dos casos de VIH nas Filipinas
from the Western subtype B
do subtipo B ocidental
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
do sudeste asiático, mais agressivo.
e mais doentes
a medicamentos.
in developed countries,
em países desenvolvidos,
Canada and the United States.
o Canadá e os EUA.
explosion of cases in these countries.
de casos nestes países.
que o VIH está controlado
it can come right back.
ela pode regressar.
malaria was on the ropes.
a malária estava a desaparecer.
stopped paying attention.
deixaram de prestar atenção.
of drug-resistant malaria.
that we think we've figured out,
que achamos que já conhecemos,
and highly unique viruses,
de rápida evolução e muito específicos,
the next deadly epidemic.
a próxima epidemia mortal.
more powerful and new tools
novos mais potentes
the next deadly HIV strain,
a próxima estirpe mortal do VIH
with urgent research
com uma investigação urgente
of non-B subtypes.
e o tratamento adequado de subtipos não B.
de pessoas com o VIH.
of an AIDS-free generation.
isenta de SIDA.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com