Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: A perigosa evolução do HIV
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
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and bluest skies on the planet.
e um dos céus mais azuis do planeta.
HIV epidemics in the world.
com crescimento mais rápido no mundo.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
que começou tardiamente.
for our current epidemic
da nossa epidemia atual
a global resurgence of HIV.
de um ressurgimento mundial do HIV.
continue to drop in the world,
pelo mundo continuam diminuindo no geral,
and resistant viruses arrive.
mais agressivos e resistentes.
into a new and different virus
em um vírus novo e diferente
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
que fizemos para reverter a epidemia,
viral mutations away from disaster.
mutações virais de distância do desastre.
in which HIV transforms itself
na qual o HIV se transforma
among humans of different races
entre as diferentes raças de humanos
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
e macacos Rhesus,
between HIV subtypes
entre subtipos de HIV
between an infecting mother virus
entre um vírus que infecta uma mãe
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
que desse à luz um chipanzé,
within its lifetime.
grande, ao longo de sua vida.
100 subtipos de HIV,
being discovered regularly.
sendo descobertos regularmente.
is almost all of one subtype:
é praticamente de apenas um subtipo:
and do to treat HIV
e fazemos para tratar o HIV
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
diferença genética
to become drug-resistant
a se tornarem resistentes a drogas
of HIV cases in the Philippines
dos casos de HIV nas Filipinas
from the Western subtype B
do subtipo B Ocidental
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
o subtipo AE do Leste Asiático.
mais novos e mais doentes
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
Canadá e Estados Unidos.
explosion of cases in these countries.
parecida de casos nesses países.
que o HIV está erradicado
it can come right back.
ele pode voltar.
malaria was on the ropes.
a malária estava sob controle.
stopped paying attention.
pararam de prestar atenção.
of drug-resistant malaria.
de uma malária resistente a drogas.
that we think we've figured out,
and highly unique viruses,
de desenvolvimento rápido,
the next deadly epidemic.
a próxima epidemia mortal.
more powerful and new tools
ferramentas mais novas e poderosas
the next deadly HIV strain,
a próxima cepa mortal do vírus
with urgent research
com pesquisa urgente
of non-B subtypes.
de subtipos que não sejam 'B'.
morreram de HIV.
of an AIDS-free generation.
de uma geração livre da AIDS.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com