Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: La dangereuse évolution du VIH
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and bluest skies on the planet.
et du ciel le plus bleu de la planète.
HIV epidemics in the world.
se propageant le plus vite au monde.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
il semble qu'on est les derniers à éclore.
for our current epidemic
notre actuelle épidémie
a global resurgence of HIV.
une résurgence mondiale du VIH.
continue to drop in the world,
de VIH continuent à diminuer au monde,
de courte durée
and resistant viruses arrive.
plus agressifs et résistants, arrivera.
into a new and different virus
en un nouveau et différent virus
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
dans l'inversion du cours de l'épidémie,
viral mutations away from disaster.
à quelques mutations virales du désastre.
in which HIV transforms itself
avec laquelle le VIH se transforme
among humans of different races
chez les humains de races
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
grands singes et macaques rhésus,
between HIV subtypes
entre les sous-types de VIH
between an infecting mother virus
entre le virus infectant originel
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
within its lifetime.
au cours de sa vie.
being discovered regularly.
qui sont découverts régulièrement.
is almost all of one subtype:
sont presque toutes d’un seul sous-type :
and do to treat HIV
ou faisons pour traiter le VIH
sur le sous-type B,
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
de la grande différence génétique
to become drug-resistant
plus résistants aux médicaments
of HIV cases in the Philippines
de cas de VIH aux Philippines
from the Western subtype B
du sous-type B occidental
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
plus agressif d’Asie du Sud-est.
plus jeunes et plus malades
plus élevés.
en train de faire ses premiers pas
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
le Canada et les États-Unis.
explosion of cases in these countries.
la même explosion dans ces pays.
que le VIH est vaincu
it can come right back.
tout comme les vrais vents.
malaria was on the ropes.
le paludisme disparaissait.
stopped paying attention.
n'y prêtaient plus attention.
of drug-resistant malaria.
d’un paludisme plus pharmaco-résistant.
that we think we've figured out,
que nous croyions avoir compris,
and highly unique viruses,
évoluant rapidement et tous uniques,
the next deadly epidemic.
la prochaine épidémie mortelle.
more powerful and new tools
de nouveaux outils plus puissants
the next deadly HIV strain,
la prochaine souche mortelle de VIH,
with urgent research
avec des recherches urgentes
of non-B subtypes.
adéquat des sous-types autre que le B.
n’a pas encore dit son dernier mot.
sont mortes à cause du VIH.
of an AIDS-free generation.
d’une génération sans sida.
de personnes mourront.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com