Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Эдсель Салванья: Опасная эволюция ВИЧ
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and bluest skies on the planet.
и самое голубое небо на Земле.
находится эпицентр
HIV epidemics in the world.
развивающихся ВИЧ-эпидемий в мире.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
эпидемия просто позже добралась.
for our current epidemic
сейчас эпидемии ВИЧ
a global resurgence of HIV.
глобальную вспышку ВИЧ.
continue to drop in the world,
заражения ВИЧ снижается,
and resistant viruses arrive.
более агрессивных и устойчивых вирусов.
into a new and different virus
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
остановить развитие эпидемии,
viral mutations away from disaster.
нас отделяет всего несколько мутаций.
in which HIV transforms itself
как меняется ВИЧ
among humans of different races
среди представителей разных рас
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
и макаками-резусами
between HIV subtypes
подтипов ВИЧ
between an infecting mother virus
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
в течение жизни родились шимпанзе,
within its lifetime.
being discovered regularly.
is almost all of one subtype:
встречается ВИЧ только одного подтипа:
and do to treat HIV
и методах лечения инфекции ВИЧ
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
генетических различий
to become drug-resistant
из них станут устойчивыми к лекарствам
of HIV cases in the Philippines
причиной вспышки ВИЧ-инфекции
from the Western subtype B
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
юго-восточным азиатским подтипом АЕ.
и тяжёлые пациенты
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
explosion of cases in these countries.
в этих странах тоже случится вспышка ВИЧ.
it can come right back.
malaria was on the ropes.
была у нас на крючке.
stopped paying attention.
стран, расслабились.
of drug-resistant malaria.
вспышке устойчивой к лекарствам малярии.
that we think we've figured out,
как нам кажется, мы «раскусили».
and highly unique viruses,
и крайне уникальных вирусов,
the next deadly epidemic.
причиной смертоносной эпидемии.
more powerful and new tools
и инновационные средства
the next deadly HIV strain,
смертоносный штамм ВИЧ,
with urgent research
без актуальных исследований
of non-B subtypes.
подтипов и их эффективного лечения.
of an AIDS-free generation.
не знающего СПИДа.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com