Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Едсел Салвана: Небезпечна еволюція ВІЛ
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
and bluest skies on the planet.
і найблакитнішими небесами на землі.
HIV epidemics in the world.
епідемій ВІЛ-інфекції.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
епідемія просто докотилася пізніше.
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
глобальне відродження ВІЛ.
continue to drop in the world,
частота зараження ВІЛ спадає далі,
and resistant viruses arrive.
більш агресивних і резистентних вірусів.
into a new and different virus
переродження на новий вірус
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
у зменшенні масштабів епідемії,
viral mutations away from disaster.
декількох мутацій вірусу від катастрофи.
in which HIV transforms itself
того, як трансформується ВІЛ
among humans of different races
представників різних рас
is only 0.1 percent.
and rhesus macaques,
between HIV subtypes
between an infecting mother virus
провірусом, що інфікує клітину,
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
within its lifetime.
за одне своє життя.
being discovered regularly.
is almost all of one subtype:
майже завжди одного штаму:
and do to treat HIV
і як ми з ним боремося,
на дослідження штаму В,
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
genetic difference
to become drug-resistant
ставати резистентними до ліків
of HIV cases in the Philippines
випадків інфікування ВІЛ на Філіпінах
from the Western subtype B
замість штаму В
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
поширеного у Південно-Східній Азії.
пацієнти у важчому стані,
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
explosion of cases in these countries.
вибуховий зріст кількості інфікованих.
it can come right back.
malaria was on the ropes.
stopped paying attention.
of drug-resistant malaria.
повернення фармакорезистентної малярії.
that we think we've figured out,
and highly unique viruses,
що швидко розвиваються,
the next deadly epidemic.
наступну смертельну епідемію.
more powerful and new tools
ефективніший інструментарій,
the next deadly HIV strain,
нові смертельні штами ВІЛ.
with urgent research
of non-B subtypes.
усіх штамів, а не тільки В.
більше 35 мільйонів людей.
of an AIDS-free generation.
може бути вільним від СНІДу.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com