Fredy Peccerelli: A forensic anthropologist who brings closure for the "disappeared"
Fredy Peccerelli: Um antropólogo forense que resolve o problema dos "desaparecidos"
Fredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
a 36-year armed conflict.
de um conflito armado de 36 anos.
during the Cold War.
durante a Guerra Fria.
a small leftist insurgency
pequena rebelião de esquerda
is 200,000 civilian victims,
killed in the communities:
the elderly even.
mulheres e até os idosos.
about 40,000 others, the missing,
os desaparecidos,
are Mayan victims,
são vítimas maias,
Central America.
América Central.
European descent.
são descendentes de europeus.
defend us, the police, the military,
a maior parte dos crimes.
most of the crimes.
they want information.
what they want is they want you,
o que elas querem é que nós,
that their loved ones did nothing wrong.
que os seus entes queridos
received death threats in 1980.
recebeu ameaças de morte em 1980.
and I went to New Utrecht High School
a escola New Utrecht
estava a acontecer na Guatemala.
was happening in Guatemala.
era muito doloroso.
to do something about it.
fazer qualquer coisa a esse respeito.
to look for the bodies,
para procurar os corpos,
and to look for part of myself as well.
para procurar uma parte de mim mesmo.
we give people information.
é dando informações às pessoas.
and we let them choose.
e deixamos que eles escolham.
us the stories,
contar-nos as histórias,
give us a piece of themselves.
dar-nos uma parte deles mesmos.
going to compare
from the skeletons.
we're looking for the bodies.
estamos a procurar os corpos.
happened 32 years ago.
aconteceu há 32 anos.
the body, document it, and exhume it.
o corpo, documentamo-lo e exumamo-lo.
skeleton out of the ground.
we take them back to the city, to our lab,
para a cidade, para o nosso laboratório
perceber principalmente duas coisas:
to understand mainly two things:
wound to the back of the head
is who they are.
é quem são eles.
with that analysis
fragment of the bone
num pequeno fragmento do osso
DNA of the families, of course.
com o ADN das famílias.
is by showing you two cases.
é mostrando dois casos.
of the military diary.
out of somewhere in 1999.
que foi subtraído algures em 1999.
is the state following individuals,
vigiava indivíduos,
wanted to change their country,
queriam mudar o vosso país,
down is when they executed them.
era quando os executavam.
you see a code,
vemos um código,
means when they were executed.
significa quando foram executados.
into play in a second.
an exhumation in 2003,
from 53 graves in a military base.
de 53 covas numa base militar.
of Sergio Saul Linares.
à família de Sergio Saul Linares.
at the university.
to change his country.
para mudar o seu país.
February 23, 1984.
executed on March 29, 1984,
executado em 20 de março de 1984.
information and their DNA,
da família e o seu ADN,
that told us exactly what happened.
exatamente o que acontecera.
two weeks later,
cerca de duas semanas depois,
correspondia ao ADN daquela família.
also matched the DNA of that family.
that he was also in the diary.
ele também estava no diário.
also executed on March 29, 1984.
fora executado em 29 de março de 1984.
how many bodies were in the grave?
quantos corpos havia naquela cova?
were executed on March 29, 1984?
executadas em 29 de março de 1984?
Moises and Zoilo.
Moises e Zoilo.
all captured at different locations
todos presos em locais diferentes,
was the DNA of those four families
dessas quatro famílias.
and we found them.
and gave them back to the families.
e devolvemo-los às famílias.
called CREOMPAZ.
but the acronym really means
mas o que a sigla significa é:
for Peacekeeping Operations.
Operações de Manutenção da Paz.
trains peacekeepers from other countries,
treinam forças de paz de outros países,
like Haiti and the Congo.
within this military base,
dentro desta base militar,
and about two hours after we went in,
e duas horas depois de entrarmos,
a total of 533 bodies.
on top of bodies.
por cima de corpos
hands tied behind their backs,
na maioria, mãos atadas atrás das costas,
who were being executed.
que estavam a ser executadas.
andavam à procura.
was a grave full of women and children,
cheia de mulheres e crianças,
a case like this?
um caso como este?"
that happened on May 14, 1982,
que acontecera em 14 de maio de 1982,
in helicopters to an unknown location.
em helicópteros para um local desconhecido.
clothing from the region
às roupas da região
were taken from.
tinham sido levadas.
and guess what?
e sabem que mais?
and Manuel Chen.
and now we could prove it.
e agora podíamos prová-lo.
proves that this happened
que prova que isso aconteceu
foram levadas para esta base.
were taken to this base.
clothes, and she left him with a neighbor.
e deixou-o com uma vizinha.
a helicopter and never seen again
e nunca mais foi visto
with anthropology, with genetics,
com a antropologia, com a genética,
giving a voice to the voiceless.
evidence for trials,
last year in Guatemala
ocorreu no ano passado na Guatemala
of genocide and sentenced to 80 years.
foi considerado culpado de genocídio
that this is happening everywhere --
isto está a acontecer por toda a parte
right in front of us today --
mesmo à nossa frente —
any more missing.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Fredy Peccerelli - Forensic anthropologistFredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves.
Why you should listen
In Guatemala’s brutal civil war, 200,000 civilians were killed — and more than 40,000 of them were never found. They are referred to as the “disappeared,” and since the end of the conflict, their bodies have been found in unmarked mass graves with very little information to identify them.
Fredy Peccerelli has a personal connection to this tragic story. He was born in Guatemala, but when his father received threats from a death squad, his family left for the United States. It was 1980 and Peccerelli was 9. He quickly adapted to life in Brooklyn, New York. But in 1994, while a college student, he heard a presentation on the emerging field of forensic anthropology. The speakers talked about exhuming bodies from mass graves in Guatemala, and Peccerelli was fascinated. He wanted to help.
Peccerelli founded the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, which meets with the families of the “disappeared,” listens to their stories and takes DNA samples to match to exhumed bodies. In this way, they are able to piece together narratives of what happened — in order to give families closure and to provide evidence for the trials of those involved in the deaths.
Pecerrelli has been profiled on PBS, in The New York Times and more. He recently launched the “No More Missing” campaign to raise money for an interactive website to tell the stories of the Guatemalan "disappeared" on the global stage. He wants people across the world to see the connection between what happened Guatemala and what is happening today in countries like Mexico.
Fredy Peccerelli | Speaker | TED.com