Fredy Peccerelli: A forensic anthropologist who brings closure for the "disappeared"
Fredy Peccerelli: Un antropologo forense trova una conclusione al caso dei "desaparecidos"
Fredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
a 36-year armed conflict.
da un conflitto armato durato 36 anni.
durante la guerra fredda.
during the Cold War.
a small leftist insurgency
insurrezione di sinistra
da parte dello stato.
is 200,000 civilian victims,
killed in the communities:
uccise nelle loro comunità:
the elderly even.
perfino anziani.
about 40,000 others, the missing,
gli scomparsi.
are Mayan victims,
Central America.
del Centroamerica.
European descent.
di discendenza europea.
defend us, the police, the military,
difenderci, la polizia, l'esercito,
la maggior parte dei crimini.
most of the crimes.
they want information.
chiedono informazioni.
what they want is they want you,
vogliono che voi,
that their loved ones did nothing wrong.
che i loro cari
received death threats in 1980.
minacce di morte nel 1980.
e siamo venuti qui.
and I went to New Utrecht High School
in realtà,
New Utrecht High School
was happening in Guatemala.
stesse succedendo in Guatemala.
era troppo doloroso.
to do something about it.
che ho deciso di fare qualcosa.
to look for the bodies,
per cercare i corpi,
and to look for part of myself as well.
e anche per cercare una parte di me.
we give people information.
alla gente.
and we let them choose.
e li lasciamo scegliere.
us the stories,
le loro storie,
give us a piece of themselves.
se darci un pezzo di loro stessi.
going to compare
che andremo a confrontare
from the skeletons.
dagli scheletri.
we're looking for the bodies.
cerchiamo i corpi.
happened 32 years ago.
sono stati commessi 32 anni fa.
the body, document it, and exhume it.
documentiamo e lo esumiamo.
skeleton out of the ground.
fuori dalla terra.
we take them back to the city, to our lab,
i corpi in città, al nostro laboratorio
to understand mainly two things:
per capire principalmente due cose:
alla parte posteriore della testa,
wound to the back of the head
è chi sono.
is who they are.
with that analysis
con le analisi
fragment of the bone
un piccolo frammento dell'osso
DNA of the families, of course.
col DNA delle famiglie, ovviamente.
is by showing you two cases.
è mostrarvi due casi.
of the military diary.
out of somewhere in 1999.
da non si sa dove nel 1999.
is the state following individuals,
che segue gli individui,
wanted to change their country,
volevano cambiare il loro paese,
down is when they executed them.
è quando li hanno giustiziati.
you see a code,
si vede un codice,
means when they were executed.
è quando sono stati giustiziati.
into play in a second.
tra un secondo.
an exhumation in 2003,
un'esumazione nel 2003,
from 53 graves in a military base.
da 53 tombe in una base militare.
famiglia di Sergio Saul Linares.
of Sergio Saul Linares.
at the university.
all'università.
to change his country.
per cambiare il suo paese.
February 23, 1984.
il 23 febbraio 1984.
executed on March 29, 1984,
giustiziato il 29 marzo 1984,
information and their DNA,
dei famigliari e il loro DNA
that told us exactly what happened.
che ci dicevano esattamente l'accaduto.
two weeks later,
circa due settimane dopo,
un'altra corrispondenza
also matched the DNA of that family.
corrispondeva al DNA di quella famiglia.
that he was also in the diary.
che anche lui era nel diario.
also executed on March 29, 1984.
vedere che anche lui
how many bodies were in the grave?
quanti corpi c'erano nella fossa?
were executed on March 29, 1984?
sono state uccise il 29 marzo 1984?
Moises and Zoilo.
Moises e Zoilo.
all captured at different locations
tutti catturati in luoghi diversi
was the DNA of those four families
il DNA di quelle quattro famiglie.
and we found them.
e le abbiamo trovate.
and gave them back to the families.
e li abbiamo ridati alle famiglie.
called CREOMPAZ.
chiamata CREOMPAZ.
but the acronym really means
pace" ma l'acronimo in realtà sta per
for Peacekeeping Operations.
Operazioni di Mantenimento della Pace.
trains peacekeepers from other countries,
addestrano i pacificatori di altri paesi,
like Haiti and the Congo.
come Haiti e il Congo.
within this military base,
che all'interno di questa base,
and about two hours after we went in,
con un mandato di perquisizione
a total of 533 bodies.
un totale di 533 corpi.
on top of bodies.
in cima ai corpi,
hands tied behind their backs,
a faccia in giù,
che venivano giustiziate.
who were being executed.
era piena di donne e bambini,
was a grave full of women and children,
circostanza simile?
a case like this?
in Guatemala nel 1995,
il 14 maggio 1982,
that happened on May 14, 1982,
aveva ucciso gli uomini
in helicopters to an unknown location.
in elicottero in un posto sconosciuto.
coi vestiti della regione
clothing from the region
were taken from.
e questi bambini erano stati presi.
and guess what?
qualche analisi del DNA, e indovinate?
and Manuel Chen.
Martina Rojas e Manuel Chen.
and now we could prove it.
e ora possiamo provarlo.
che è successo,
proves that this happened
sono state portate in questa base.
were taken to this base.
clothes, and she left him with a neighbor.
i vestiti, e lo ha lasciato con un vicino.
a helicopter and never seen again
in un elicottero e non è stato più rivisto
with anthropology, with genetics,
l'antropologia, la genetica,
giving a voice to the voiceless.
dare voce a chi non ce l'ha.
evidence for trials,
prove per i processi,
last year in Guatemala
svolto l'anno scorso in Guatemala
of genocide and sentenced to 80 years.
è stato giudicato colpevole di genocidio
that this is happening everywhere --
sta succedendo ovunque --
right in front of us today --
proprio davanti a noi --
any more missing.
persone scomparse.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Fredy Peccerelli - Forensic anthropologistFredy Peccerelli works with families whose loved ones “disappeared” in the 36-year armed conflict in Guatemala. The executive director of the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, he helps locate bodies and give back identities to those buried in mass graves.
Why you should listen
In Guatemala’s brutal civil war, 200,000 civilians were killed — and more than 40,000 of them were never found. They are referred to as the “disappeared,” and since the end of the conflict, their bodies have been found in unmarked mass graves with very little information to identify them.
Fredy Peccerelli has a personal connection to this tragic story. He was born in Guatemala, but when his father received threats from a death squad, his family left for the United States. It was 1980 and Peccerelli was 9. He quickly adapted to life in Brooklyn, New York. But in 1994, while a college student, he heard a presentation on the emerging field of forensic anthropology. The speakers talked about exhuming bodies from mass graves in Guatemala, and Peccerelli was fascinated. He wanted to help.
Peccerelli founded the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, which meets with the families of the “disappeared,” listens to their stories and takes DNA samples to match to exhumed bodies. In this way, they are able to piece together narratives of what happened — in order to give families closure and to provide evidence for the trials of those involved in the deaths.
Pecerrelli has been profiled on PBS, in The New York Times and more. He recently launched the “No More Missing” campaign to raise money for an interactive website to tell the stories of the Guatemalan "disappeared" on the global stage. He wants people across the world to see the connection between what happened Guatemala and what is happening today in countries like Mexico.
Fredy Peccerelli | Speaker | TED.com