Dan Ariely: How equal do we want the world to be? You'd be surprised
Dan Ariely: Chiar vrem egalitate în lume? Ați fi surprinși!
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why. Full bio
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objective in life,
în multe feluri.
these color-tinted glasses
cu lentile colorate
something as simple as beer.
la ceva simplu ca berea.
on intensity and bitterness,
intensitatea și gustul,
different space.
to be objective about it?
it would be very simple.
you tasted the same beer,
ați gusta aceeași bere,
things would look slightly different.
în același loc.
be able to distinguish them,
will be Guinness.
așteaptă ceva de la fiziologia lor?
something from their physiology?
pain medications.
oamenilor analgezice.
the medications were expensive.
că medicamentele sunt scumpe.
pain medication worked better.
do change our physiology.
chiar ne schimbă fiziologia.
our preconceived notions
noțiunile și așteptările preconcepute
in more important questions?
în cazuri mai serioase?
that had to do with social justice?
what is the blind tasting version
degustării pe neve
level of inequality we have?
de inegalitate avem?
do we want to have?
vrem să avem?
the poorest on the right
în dreapta
the next 20 percent,
and the richest 20 percent.
how much wealth do you think
credeți că deține fiecare categorie.
imagine I ask you to tell me,
că vă rog să-mi spuneți
is concentrated
and have a number.
alegeți un număr.
have a real number in your mind.
să aveți un număr în minte.
of Americans tell us.
has 58 percent of the wealth.
to what you thought.
cu ce ați gândit voi.
has 0.1 percent of the wealth.
has 0.2 percent of the wealth.
has 84-85 percent of the wealth.
are 84-85% din avere.
and what we think we have
the philosopher John Rawls.
of what's a just society.
you knew everything about it,
dacă ai ști totul despre ea,
într-un loc oarecare.
to enter it in a random place.
you might want the wealthy
ai vrea ca bogații
iar săracii mai puțin.
want more equality.
to go into that society
and you don't know,
in which you don't know
when you make a decision,
the "veil of ignorance."
a large group of Americans,
un grup mare de americani,
in the veil of ignorance.
that would make you want to join it,
care te-ar determina să te muți acolo,
randomly at any place?
în orice loc?
to the first group,
about 10 percent of the wealth.
wanted full equality.
nu a dorit egalitate completă.
is a fantastic idea in our sample.
e o idee fantastică.
un decalaj de cunoaștere
and what we think we have,
between what we think is right
la fel de adânc între ce considerăm corect
by the way, not just about wealth.
nu numai despre avere,
from different parts of the world
din diferite părți ale lumii
the same answer.
they gave us the same answer,
au dat același răspuns,
Australia, the U.S. --
Australia, SUA...
departments of a university.
unei universități.
almost every department,
departamentele de la Harvard
to have more and the [poor] to have less,
mai mult și săracii mai puțin,
to Harvard Business School.
la Harvard Business School.
about something else.
of CEO pay to unskilled workers?
dintre salariul unui director
Asta cred ei că e proporția.
people think is the ratio,
what do they think should be the ratio?
că ar trebui să fie proporția.
well, it's not that bad, right?
că nu e chiar așa rea, nu?
are not that different.
chiar atât de diferite.
I didn't draw them on the same scale.
la aceeași scală.
and blue in there.
acolo e galben și albastru.
of prescription medication?
pe bază de rețetă,
what we learned was that people
nu le place inegalitatea averii,
which is an outcome of wealth,
inegalitatea, rezultatul averii,
în sănătate sau educație.
in health or education.
are particularly open
when it comes to people
când vine vorba de oameni
as responsible for their situation.
responsabili pentru situația lor.
and we have a desirability gap
și unul de dezirabilitate.
is something that we think about,
cum educăm oamenii:
differently about inequality
diferit despre inegalitate
in terms of health, education,
sub forma sănătății, educației,
about what we really want?
diferit despre ce vor cu adevărat?
the Rawls way of looking at the world,
perspectiva lui asupra lumii,
motivația noastră egoistă.
out of the picture.
la scară mai largă?
to a higher degree
and actually do something about it?
is to think about people
e să ne gândim la oameni
that don't have much agency,
care nu au autonomie,
more willing to do this.
mai dispuși să facă asta.
next time you go to drink beer or wine,
când beți o bere sau vin
in your experience that is real,
în experiența voastră
that is a placebo effect
cauzat de așteptări?
pentru alte decizii din viața voastră
for other decisions in your life,
care ne afectează pe toți.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dan Ariely - Behavioral economistThe dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why.
Why you should listen
Dan Ariely is a professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke University and a founding member of the Center for Advanced Hindsight. He is the author of the bestsellers Predictably Irrational, The Upside of Irrationality, and The Honest Truth About Dishonesty -- as well as the TED Book Payoff: The Hidden Logic that Shapes Our Motivations.
Through his research and his (often amusing and unorthodox) experiments, he questions the forces that influence human behavior and the irrational ways in which we often all behave.
Dan Ariely | Speaker | TED.com