Alice Goffman: How we're priming some kids for college — and others for prison
Alis Gofman (Alice Goffman): Kako preodređujemo neku decu za koledž, a drugu za zatvor
Alice Goffman’s fieldwork in a struggling Philadelphia neighborhood sheds harsh light on a justice system that creates suspects rather than citizens. Full bio
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travel to adulthood,
a lot about: college.
the excitement that you felt
koje su osećali
at this very moment.
young people in debt.
to je poprilično dobar životni put.
with pride and with great friends
sa ponosom, dobrim prijateljima,
about the world.
than they had before they got there.
što su imali pre nego što su tamo otišli
the second institution
o drugoj instituciji
to adulthood in the United States.
u Americi.
are meeting with probation officers
sa nadzornicima za uslovnu slobodu
instead of to class.
a trip to a state correctional facility.
umesto na razmeni, provedena u zatvoru.
to prison in New Jersey.
u Nju Džerziju.
is a cold prison cell
je hladna zatvorska ćelija
when they come home
kada se vrate kući
on this journey to adulthood
ka odrastanju
and that's because in the past 40 years,
to je zato što je, u proteklih 40 godina,
has grown by 700 percent.
za 700 posto.
in the population.
stanovnika populacije.
that we're sending to prison,
u zatvor,
and Latino communities
i latinoameričkih zajednica
the young people trying to make it
mladih ljudi koji pokušavaju da uspeju
a bit worse than this
poor kids to prison,
u zatvor,
sa sudskim taksama,
i uslovnih otpusta,
in halfway houses and on house arrest,
i u kućnom pritvoru,
to negotiate a police force
sa policijom
communities of color,
rasno manjinske zajednice
of promoting public safety,
javnu bezbednost,
to line city coffers.
da zadovolje gradske blagajne.
historic experiment in punishment:
eksperimentisanja sa kaznenim sistemom:
they will be stopped, searched and seized.
biti zaustavljeni, pretraženi i uhapšeni.
but in their homes,
već i u sopstenim domovima,
other path to adulthood
za ovaj drugi put ka odrastanju
African-American neighborhood.
afroameričkom kraju.
journeys going on simultaneously:
ova dva paralelna puta:
this elite, private university,
privatni univerzitet
the adjacent neighborhood,
are being shipped to prison.
a young woman who was in high school
privatni učitelj mladoj srednjoškolki
away from the university.
od mog univerziteta.
from a juvenile detention center.
iz maloletničkog zatvora.
srednje škole.
and his friends and family,
i njegove prijatelje i porodicu,
about me writing about his life
što pišem o njegovom životu
a dissertation at Princeton
na Prinstonu
and I spent the next six years
i provela narednih šest godina
were facing as they came of age.
susreću kako odrastaju.
in this neighborhood,
ran after the other boy.
to the younger boy,
the other child's pocket,
he was carrying any drugs
simply give up running,
od jurcanja,
against the ground
or flat up against a wall.
ili naslonjenim na zid.
and you're never coming home!"
i nikada se nećeš vratiti kući!"
pull another child's pants down
kako spušta drugom detetu pantalone
in this neighborhood,
u tom kraju,
any contact between police
bilo koji kontakt između policije
pedestrians or people in cars,
ili ljude u kolima,
with five exceptions.
sa pet izuzetaka.
break down doors,
obara vrata,
in their home.
in this first year and a half,
kick, stomp on or beat young men
šutiraju, gaze ili tuku mlade muškarce
a senior in high school.
poslednja godina srednje.
and making C's and B's.
trojke i četvorke.
he followed him around a lot,
with a front lawn and a back porch.
i terasom pozadi.
all while the boys were growing up.
dok su dečaci odrastali.
to hold down a job for very long.
that supported the family,
for food and clothes
a senior in high school.
Čak je bio poslednja godina srednje škole.
with aggravated assault.
zbog teškog telesnog napada.
more than anything.
bio povređen.
to adult county jail
u zatvor za odrasle
u severoistočnoj FIladelfiji,
he couldn't afford it --
da plati kauciju,
dragged on and on and on
threw out most of the charges
većinu optužbi
of court fees hanging over his head.
sudskih taksi.
to re-enroll as a senior,
da se ponovo upiše u srednju
to be readmitted.
da bi bio primljen.
issued him a warrant for his arrest
izdao poternicu za njim
the 225 dollars in court fees
za sudske takse
the case ended.
nakon što se slučaj završio.
living on the run.
sa nezavršenom srednjom školom.
to get his warrant lifted
for the court fees
in his girlfriend's car.
kolima svoje devojke.
as stolen in California.
u Kaliforniji.
of this car it had been stolen.
taj automobil bio ukraden.
from a used car auction
na aukciji polovnih vozila
outside of the tri-state,
izvan te zone tri države,
policajci su u stanici
receiving stolen property.
a few days later,
par dana kasnije,
a stolen property
three years of probation.
uslovnog oslobođenja.
hanging over his head,
how to run from the police.
on their back porch
terasi,
how to spot undercover cars,
skrivene policijske automobile,
how and where to hide.
pretresanja, kako i gde da se sakrije.
where kids were going to college,
gde deca idu na fakultet,
I got to grow up in.
they're committing crimes!
oni su počinili zločine!
living in fear of arrest?
od hapšenja?
that other young people
koje drugi mladi ljudi
with impunity.
would have ended there,
an aggravated assault case.
teškog telesnog napada.
I went to college with
if the police had stopped those kids
da ih je policija zaustavljala
as they walked to class?
putu ka predavanjima?
in the middle of the night?
u sred noći?
really low crime rate?
stopi zločina?
Crime is down.
Zločin se smanjuje.
the '90s and through the 2000s.
of Sciences last year,
Nauka prošle godine,
historically high incarceration rates
stopa zatvaranja
je prilično klimava.
goes up and down
smanjuje i povećava
we send to prison.
pošaljemo u zatvor.
in a pretty narrow way:
na veoma ograničen način:
wrongfully convicted.
da si nepravedno osuđena.
of something you did do,
što si uradila,
there are perpetrators.
more broadly than that.
šire od toga.
in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods,
u najneprivilegovanijim krajevima,
of family resources,
the country's worst schools,
in the labor market,
na tržištu rada,
where violence is an everyday problem,
svakodnevni problem,
the thinnest possible line --
po najtanjoj mogućoj liniji -
nešto pogrešno.
to young kids facing these challenges?
koji se suočavaju sa ovim izazovima?
jail time and this fugitive existence?
i ovaj identitet begunaca?
that prioritizes recovery,
pravosudni sistem koji stavlja oporavak,
kao prioritete
that acknowledges
of color in the U.S. have faced
siromašni ljudi drugih rasa u SAD-u
and perpetuate those exclusions.
i podržava tu isključenost.
that believes in black young people,
koji veruje u mlade crnce,
as the enemy to be rounded up.
koje bi trebalo kontrolisati.
wrote "The New Jim Crow,"
je napisala "Novi Džim Krou,"
incarceration as a civil rights issue
zatvaranje kao pitanje građanskog prava
they had not seen it before.
to nisu videli pre.
Eric Holder have come out very strongly
Erik Holder, su se jasno izjasnili
racial disparity in incarceration.
nejednakosti u zatvaranju.
Stop and Frisk
'Zaustavi i pretresi'
decriminalize possession of marijuana.
dekriminalizuju posedovanje marihuane.
and California
prison populations, closing prisons,
zatvaraju zatvore,
u stopi zločina.
investing in education.
investirajući u obrazovanje.
from the right and the left,
i iz desnice i iz levice,
and fiscal conservatives,
i fiskalnih konzervativaca,
and libertarians,
i libertarijanaca,
to protest police violence
da protestuju protiv policijskog nasilja
decarceration initiatives
protiv zatvaranja.
our criminal justice system
krivično pravosudnog sistema
that the right and the left
o kojoj se i levica i desnica
this political moment in my lifetime.
političkom momentu u svom životu.
who have been working tirelessly
koji su neumorno radili
high incarceration rates
this moment in our lifetime.
ovom trenutku.
how much can we make of it?
koliko možemo ovo da iskoristimo?
struggling to stay out of prison
and return home.
to adulthood are worlds apart,
odrastanja kompletno različiti,
in these two institutions
u ovim institucijama
of reforming our criminal justice system.
našeg krivično-pravosudnog sistema.
in the fight for equal rights,
u borbi za jednaka prava
to be granted dignity
dostojanstveno
of young people
moment, potentially,
potencijalno imaju šansu
build a new criminal justice system,
i stvore novi krivično-pravosudni sistem,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alice Goffman - Urban sociologistAlice Goffman’s fieldwork in a struggling Philadelphia neighborhood sheds harsh light on a justice system that creates suspects rather than citizens.
Why you should listen
As an undergraduate studying sociology at the University of Pennsylvania, Alice Goffman was inspired to write her senior thesis about the lives of the young people living in the historic African-American neighborhood that surrounded the school. She lived side-by-side with a group of young men in one of the US’s most distressed communities, experiencing a troubling and rarely discussed side of urban policing -- the beatings, late night raids and body searches that systematically pit young men against authority.
Goffman spent six years in the community, the work transforming into her dissertation at Princeton and then into the book, On the Run. In it, Goffman weaves groundbreaking research into a narrative amplifying neglected and often-ignored voices into a stirring, personal indictment of the social, economic and political forces that unwittingly conspire to push entire communities to the margins of society.
Goffman is now an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and a vocal advocate for change in America.
Alice Goffman | Speaker | TED.com