Alice Goffman: How we're priming some kids for college — and others for prison
Alice Goffman: Kako nekatere otroke pripravljamo za fakulteto- nekatere pa za zapor
Alice Goffman’s fieldwork in a struggling Philadelphia neighborhood sheds harsh light on a justice system that creates suspects rather than citizens. Full bio
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travel to adulthood,
pomembno vlogo.
a lot about: college.
fakulteta.
the excitement that you felt
ki ste ga čutili,
at this very moment.
young people in debt.
dobra izbira.
with pride and with great friends
zelo dobrimi prijatelji,
about the world.
than they had before they got there.
kot so jih imeli prej.
the second institution
o tisti drugi instituciji,
to adulthood in the United States.
v odraslost v Združenih državah.
are meeting with probation officers
s častniki za pogojni odpust,
instead of to class.
a trip to a state correctional facility.
v popravni dom.
Poslovanja,
to prison in New Jersey.
v New Jerseyu.
ki plačujejo
is a cold prison cell
zaporniških celicah,
when they come home
ko se vrnejo domov
on this journey to adulthood
v odraslost,
and that's because in the past 40 years,
in to zato, ker je v zadnjih 40-ih letih
has grown by 700 percent.
zrasla za 700 procentov.
in the population.
v populaciji.
that we're sending to prison,
ki ji pošiljamo v zapor,
and Latino communities
in latino ozadja,
the young people trying to make it
med mladimi, ki si želijo uspeti
a bit worse than this
kot to,
poor kids to prison,
ubogih otrok,
za resocialzacijo in hišnem priporu,
in halfway houses and on house arrest,
to negotiate a police force
communities of color,
of promoting public safety,
to line city coffers.
in polnijo občinske blagajne.
historic experiment in punishment:
zgodovinskega poskusa kazni:
they will be stopped, searched and seized.
bo nekdo ustavil, pregledal in aretiral.
but in their homes,
tudi v njihovih domovih,
other path to adulthood
sem se začela zanimati,
African-American neighborhood.
afriško-ameriški soseski.
journeys going on simultaneously:
ki se dogajata istočasno:
this elite, private university,
univerzo,
the adjacent neighborhood,
are being shipped to prison.
a young woman who was in high school
mlado žensko, ki je bila v srednji šoli
away from the university.
from a juvenile detention center.
iz centra za mladostniški pripor.
and his friends and family,
njegove prijatelje in družino
about me writing about his life
da bi pisala o njem
a dissertation at Princeton
za Princeton
and I spent the next six years
in tam preživela šest let,
were facing as they came of age.
mladi ljudje, ko so dovolj stari.
in this neighborhood,
ran after the other boy.
to the younger boy,
the other child's pocket,
he was carrying any drugs
ali ima pri sebi kaj drog,
simply give up running,
against the ground
or flat up against a wall.
and you're never coming home!"
prišel domov."
pull another child's pants down
ki je drugemu otroku slekel hlače
in this neighborhood,
v tisti soseski,
any contact between police
pedestrians or people in cars,
pešce ali ljudi v avtmobilih,
njihova imena,
with five exceptions.
s petimi izjemami.
break down doors,
in their home.
in this first year and a half,
kick, stomp on or beat young men
brcajo, davijo mlade ljudi,
a senior in high school.
v zadnjem letniku srednje šole.
and making C's and B's.
imel trojke in štirice.
he followed him around a lot,
povsod mu je sledil,
with a front lawn and a back porch.
spredaj in veradno zadaj.
all while the boys were growing up.
cel čas njunega odraščanja.
to hold down a job for very long.
obdržati za dolgo časa.
that supported the family,
ki jih je preživljal,
for food and clothes
za hrano, oblačila
za odraščujoča fanta.
a senior in high school.
zadnjem letniku srednje šole.
na šolskem dvorišču
vlačuga narkomanka.
z obrazom naprej v sneg
with aggravated assault.
za nasilni napad.
more than anything.
prizadet, kot karkoli drugega.
to adult county jail
v severozahodni Filadelfiji,
he couldn't afford it --
ni si je mogel privoščiti --
dragged on and on and on
vlekli in vlekli,
skoraj zaključil.
threw out most of the charges
of court fees hanging over his head.
stroškov, ki jih je moral plačati.
to re-enroll as a senior,
ponovno vpisati,
to be readmitted.
da bi bil ponovno sprejet.
issued him a warrant for his arrest
izdal nalog za aretacijo,
the 225 dollars in court fees
za sodne stroške,
the case ended.
le nekaj tednov po koncu sojenja.
living on the run.
živeti na begu.
leto kasneje.
to get his warrant lifted
for the court fees
sodnih stroškov,
in his girlfriend's car.
svoje punce.
as stolen in California.
le-ta ukraden v Kaliforniji.
of this car it had been stolen.
avto lahko ukraden.
from a used car auction
dražbi rabljeni avtomobilov
outside of the tri-state,
zunaj države,
receiving stolen property.
lastnine.
a few days later,
nekaj dni za tem,
a stolen property
three years of probation.
hanging over his head,
how to run from the police.
pred policijo.
on their back porch
how to spot undercover cars,
avte pod krinko,
how and where to hide.
kako in kje se skriti.
where kids were going to college,
hodili na faks
I got to grow up in.
možnost odraščati.
they're committing crimes!
living in fear of arrest?
aretacijo?
that other young people
zaradi katerih drugi otroci,
with impunity.
would have ended there,
tam tudi končal,
an aggravated assault case.
napada.
I went to college with
sem hodila na faks,
if the police had stopped those kids
lahko imelo, če bi jih ustavili policaji
as they walked to class?
na poti na predavanja?
in the middle of the night?
ne pomeni
really low crime rate?
Crime is down.
Zločin se je zmanjšal.
the '90s and through the 2000s.
of Sciences last year,
Znanosti lansko leto,
historically high incarceration rates
stopnjo prestajanja zaporne kazni
goes up and down
viša in niža,
we send to prison.
pošljemo v zapor.
in a pretty narrow way:
wrongfully convicted.
of something you did do,
kar si storil,
there are perpetrators.
more broadly than that.
malo bolj na široko.
in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods,
ki živijo v najbolj zapostavljenih soseskah,
of family resources,
the country's worst schools,
in the labor market,
na trgu dela,
where violence is an everyday problem,
vsakodnevni problem,
the thinnest possible line --
črti --
to young kids facing these challenges?
ko se soočajo s takimi izzivi?
jail time and this fugitive existence?
in življenje na begu.
česa boljšega?
that prioritizes recovery,
ki v ospredje postavlja okrevanje,
that acknowledges
of color in the U.S. have faced
ne-belci v ZDA občutili
and perpetuate those exclusions.
teh izključitev.
that believes in black young people,
v mlade temnopolte ljudi,
as the enemy to be rounded up.
ki ga je treba obkoliti.
wrote "The New Jim Crow,"
napisala "Novi Jim Crow",
incarceration as a civil rights issue
zaporna kazen velik problem
they had not seen it before.
na način kot še nikoli prej.
Eric Holder have come out very strongly
Holder sta se močno borila
racial disparity in incarceration.
razkoraka pri priprtjih.
Stop and Frisk
"Stop" in "Pregled",
decriminalize possession of marijuana.
dekriminalizirajo uporabo marihuane.
and California
prison populations, closing prisons,
zaporih, zapore zapirati,
znatno zmanjšanje zločina.
investing in education.
from the right and the left,
od desnih in levih,
and fiscal conservatives,
fiskalnih konzervativcev
and libertarians,
in liberalcev,
to protest police violence
proti nasilju policije
decarceration initiatives
zaporne kazni.
our criminal justice system
našega sodnega sistema
that the right and the left
tako levi kot desni
this political moment in my lifetime.
trenutek doživela.
who have been working tirelessly
ki neutrudno delajo,
high incarceration rates
zaporne kazni
this moment in our lifetime.
ta trenutek.
how much can we make of it?
lahko naučimo?
ljudem,
struggling to stay out of prison
da ne pristanejo v zaporu,
and return home.
in se vrnili domov.
to adulthood are worlds apart,
v odraslost svetove narazen,
in these two institutions
of reforming our criminal justice system.
reformo našega sodnega sistema.
in the fight for equal rights,
za enakopravnost,
to be granted dignity
of young people
moment, potentially,
pomembnem trenutku je,
build a new criminal justice system,
v zapor in zgradijo nov sodni sistem,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Alice Goffman - Urban sociologistAlice Goffman’s fieldwork in a struggling Philadelphia neighborhood sheds harsh light on a justice system that creates suspects rather than citizens.
Why you should listen
As an undergraduate studying sociology at the University of Pennsylvania, Alice Goffman was inspired to write her senior thesis about the lives of the young people living in the historic African-American neighborhood that surrounded the school. She lived side-by-side with a group of young men in one of the US’s most distressed communities, experiencing a troubling and rarely discussed side of urban policing -- the beatings, late night raids and body searches that systematically pit young men against authority.
Goffman spent six years in the community, the work transforming into her dissertation at Princeton and then into the book, On the Run. In it, Goffman weaves groundbreaking research into a narrative amplifying neglected and often-ignored voices into a stirring, personal indictment of the social, economic and political forces that unwittingly conspire to push entire communities to the margins of society.
Goffman is now an Assistant Professor of Sociology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and a vocal advocate for change in America.
Alice Goffman | Speaker | TED.com