TEDPrize@UN
Chade-Meng Tan: Everyday compassion at Google
Chade-Meng Tan: 谷歌每天的慈悲
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谷歌的快樂好拍檔----Chade-Meng Tan, 講述谷歌如何在每天的工作業務中實踐慈悲--- 還有由慈悲而帶來的其他項目。
Chade-Meng Tan - Google Fellow
One of Google's earliest engineers, Chade-Meng Tan is now Google's Jolly Good Fellow -- the head of personal growth at the groundbreaking search company. Full bio
One of Google's earliest engineers, Chade-Meng Tan is now Google's Jolly Good Fellow -- the head of personal growth at the groundbreaking search company. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
So what does the happiest man in the world look like?
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一個世上最快樂的人應該是怎樣的?
00:20
He certainly doesn't look like me.
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他一定不會長得像我。
00:22
He looks like this.
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他長得像這樣。
00:25
His name is Matthieu Ricard.
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他叫 Mattieu Ricard
00:27
So how do you get to be the happiest man in the world?
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你可以怎樣成為世上最快樂的人?
00:31
Well it turns out
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原來
00:33
there is a way to measure happiness in the brain.
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大腦中的快樂是有辦法去測量的。
00:36
And you do that by measuring the relative activation
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就是在功能性磁力共振機中
00:39
of the left prefrontal cortex in the fMRI,
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去測量左前額皮層
00:42
versus the right prefrontal cortex.
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和右前額皮層的相對活躍度。
00:45
And Matthieu's happiness measure
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而 Mattieu 的快樂指數
00:47
is off the charts.
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是完全超出了圖表所顯示的。
00:49
He's by far the happiest man
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他是到目前爲止
00:51
ever measured by science.
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經由科學鑑定最快樂的人。
00:55
Which leads us to a question:
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這不禁讓我們要問:
00:58
What was he thinking when he was being measured?
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在他被測試的時候, 究竟他在想什麼呢?
01:02
Perhaps something very naughty.
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會不會是一些很頑皮可笑的東西？
01:04
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
01:06
Actually, he was meditating
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事實上, 他在襌修
01:08
on compassion.
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冥想著慈悲。
01:11
Matthieu's own experience
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Matthieu 個人的經驗
01:13
is that compassion is the happiest state ever.
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慈悲就是他最快樂的狀態。
01:17
Reading about Matthieu
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在閱讀Mattieu 著作的時候
01:19
was one of the pivotal moments of my life.
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也是我人生很重要的時刻。
01:22
My dream
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我的夢想
01:24
is to create the conditions
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就是在我人生之中
01:26
for world peace in my lifetime --
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去創造世界和平的條件---
01:28
and to do that
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透過創造
01:30
by creating the conditions
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內在和平
01:32
for inner peace
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以及慈悲的條件
01:34
and compassion
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在全球的層面上
01:36
on a global scale.
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去創造世界和平的條件
01:38
And learning about Matthieu
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在學習Matthieu的同時
01:40
gave me a new angle to look at my work.
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也給了我一個全新的角度去看待我的工作。
01:43
Matthieu's brain scan shows
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馬修的腦掃描顯示
01:45
that compassion is not a chore.
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慈悲並不是乏味的例行工作。
01:47
Compassion is something that creates happiness.
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慈悲是一些可以創造快樂的事。
01:50
Compassion is fun.
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慈悲是有趣的。
01:54
And that mind-blowing insight
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而這令人興奮的發現
01:56
changes the entire game.
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改變了遊戲規則。
01:59
Because if compassion was a chore,
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因為如果慈悲是一件乏味的例行公事
02:01
nobody's going to do it,
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或許除了逹賴喇嘛這一類人之外--
02:03
except maybe the Dalai Lama or something.
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沒有人會有興趣去做。
02:06
But if compassion was fun,
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但如果慈悲是有趣的,
02:09
everybody's going to do it.
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每個人都會願意去做。
02:11
Therefore,
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所以,
02:13
to create the conditions for global compassion,
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要為世界的慈悲創造條件,
02:16
all we have to do
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我們可以做的
02:19
is to reframe compassion
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就是把慈悲重新定義為
02:21
as something that is fun.
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是很有趣的事。
02:24
But fun is not enough.
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但純粹的有趣還是不足够的。
02:27
What if compassion
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如果慈悲
02:29
is also profitable?
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可以帶來利潤呢?
02:33
What if compassion is also good for business?
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如果慈悲對營商來說是好的呢?
02:36
Then, every boss, every manager in the world,
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那麼, 世上每一個老闆, 每一個經理,
02:39
will want to have compassion --
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都會想有這樣的--
02:41
like this.
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慈悲。
02:43
That would create the conditions
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這會為世界和平
02:45
for world peace.
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創造條件。
02:48
So, I started paying attention
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於是, 我開始留意
02:51
to what compassion looks like in a business setting.
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在商業環境下的慈悲究竟該是怎樣。
02:54
Fortunately, I didn't have to look very far.
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幸運的是, 我並不需要看得很遠。
02:57
Because what I was looking for was right in front of my eyes --
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因為我想找的, 正在我的眼前---
03:00
in Google, my company.
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在谷歌, 我的公司。
03:03
I know there are other compassionate companies in the world,
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我知道世上也有其他有慈心的公司,
03:06
but Google is the place I'm familiar with
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但谷歌是一個我很熟悉的地方
03:08
because I've been there for 10 years,
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因為我在那裡已經待了十年了,
03:10
so I'll use Google as the case study.
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我用谷歌作為一個研究個案。
03:13
Google is a company
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谷歌是一個
03:15
born of idealism.
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生於理想主義的公司。
03:17
It's a company that thrives on idealism.
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它是一間在理想主義中長大的公司。
03:21
And maybe because of that,
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也因為這樣,
03:23
compassion is organic
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這個慈悲是有機的
03:25
and widespread company-wide.
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也滲透在整個公司之中。
03:29
In Google, expressions of corporate compassion
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在谷歌, 公司慈悲為懷之心的表達
03:32
almost always follow the same pattern.
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差不多總在相同的模式之中。
03:34
It's sort of a funny pattern.
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是種很有趣的模式。
03:36
It starts with a small group of Googlers
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通常是由一小群谷歌人開始
03:39
taking the initiative to do something.
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自發地去做一些事。
03:42
And they don't usually ask for permission;
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他們通常不需要得到別人的許可
03:44
they just go ahead and do it,
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只是直接的去做便可
03:46
and then other Googlers join in, and it just gets bigger and bigger.
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接著有其他的谷歌人加入, 慢慢的變大再變大。
03:49
And sometimes it gets big enough
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直到足够壯大的時候
03:51
to become official.
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便會變成了官方正式的規定。
03:53
So in other words,
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換句話說,
03:55
it almost always starts from the bottom up.
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差不多許多事都是從下而上開始的。
03:58
And let me give you some examples.
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讓我給你一些例子。
04:00
The first example is the largest annual community event --
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第一個例子是每年最大型的社區活動---
04:04
where Googlers from around the world
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全世界的谷歌人
04:06
donate their labor to their local communities --
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都會在當地的社區捐獻出他們的勞力---
04:09
was initiated and organized
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在這變成正式之前
04:11
by three employees
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其實是由三個僱員
04:13
before it became official,
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自發的組織起來的---
04:15
because it just became too big.
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因為規模變得太大了。
04:17
Another example, three Googlers --
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另一個例子, 三個谷歌人---
04:19
a chef, an engineer
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一個廚子, 一個工程師
04:22
and, most funny, a massage therapist --
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以及, 最有趣的, 一個按摩治療師---
04:25
three of them, they learned about a region in India
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他們三個人, 知道在印度
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where 200,000 people live
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一個大約有二十萬人居住的地區
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without a single medical facility.
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卻沒有一間醫療的設施。
04:32
So what do they do?
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於是他們做了什麽?
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They just go ahead and start a fundraiser.
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他們直接地去籌款
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And they raise enough money to build this hospital --
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他們籌得足够的錢去建成一間醫院---
04:40
the first hospital of its kind
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這是第一間像這樣的
04:42
for 200,000 people.
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給這二十萬人的醫院。
04:44
During the Haiti earthquake,
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在海地地震的時候,
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a number of engineers and product managers
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一群工程師及產品經理
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spontaneously came together
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自發地聚在一起
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and stayed overnight
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並且通宵留宿
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to build a tool
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去建造一個讓
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to allow earthquake victims to find their loved ones.
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地震的災民可以找到他們所愛的人的工具。
04:59
And expressions of compassion
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同樣的慈悲的表達
05:01
are also found in our international offices.
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在我們的國際事務辦事處也有。
05:04
In China for example,
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譬如在中國
05:06
one mid-level employee
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一個中層員工
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initiated the largest social action competition in China,
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提出了一個全中國最大的社會行動比賽
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involving more than 1,000 schools in China,
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當中包括了中國一千多間學校
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working on issues
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一同去參與
05:17
such as education, poverty,
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教育、脫窮
05:19
health care and the environment.
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醫療衞生、以及環境等問題。
05:23
There is so much organic social action
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在谷歌裡有許多這樣的
05:25
all around Google
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自發性有機性的社會行動
05:27
that the company decided to form
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這使得公司決定去成立
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a social responsibility team
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一個社會責任團隊
05:31
just to support these efforts.
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來支援這些工作。
05:33
And this idea, again,
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同樣的, 這些想法
05:35
came from the grassroots,
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也是從基層而來
05:37
from two Googlers who wrote their own job descriptions
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是由兩個谷歌人, 他們寫了這些工作的清單
05:40
and volunteered themselves for the job.
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然後自己義務去做這些工作。
05:43
And I found it fascinating
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我覺得這些都很有趣
05:45
that the social responsibility team
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這個社會責任團隊
05:47
was not formed as part of some grand corporate strategy.
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並不是由一個高高在上的公司策略而來的。
05:50
It was two persons saying, "Let's do this,"
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這只是由兩個人說: 「讓我們來做，」
05:53
and the company said, "Yes."
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公司也說: 「好！」
05:57
So it turns out
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於是便出現了
05:59
that Google is a compassionate company,
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谷歌是一間慈悲的公司，
06:01
because Googlers found
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因為谷歌人覺得
06:03
compassion to be fun.
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慈悲是有趣的。
06:06
But again, fun is not enough.
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但同樣, 光有趣是不足够的。
06:10
There are also real business benefits.
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這裡也有真實的商業利益。
06:13
So what are they?
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這些是什麼?
06:15
The first benefit of compassion
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慈悲的第一個利益是
06:18
is that it creates highly effective business leaders.
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它創造了一些高效能的商業領袖。
06:23
What does that mean?
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這是什麼意思?
06:25
There are three components of compassion.
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慈悲是有三個部份的：
06:27
There is the affective component,
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這裡有情感的部份
06:30
which is, "I feel for you."
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「我同情你。」
06:32
There is the cognitive component,
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這裡也有理性認知的部份,
06:34
which is, "I understand you."
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「我明白你。」
06:36
And there is a motivational component,
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以及也有一個誘導性的部份,
06:38
which is, "I want to help you."
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「我想幫你。」
06:42
So what has this got to do with business leadership?
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這些又跟商業領袖有什麼關係呢?
06:46
According to a very comprehensive study
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根據一個十分詳盡
06:48
led by Jim Collins,
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由Jim Collins 所帶領的研究顯示
06:50
and documented in the book "Good to Great,"
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這還紀載在一本叫: 『由好到偉大』的書中
06:53
it takes a very special kind of leader
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有一種十分特別的領袖類型
06:56
to bring a company
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可以帶領公司
06:58
from goodness to greatness.
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由好變成偉大。
07:01
And he calls them "Level 5 leaders."
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他把他們叫做 「第五層的領袖」
07:04
These are leaders
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這些領袖
07:06
who, in addition to being highly capable,
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除了是很有能力之外
07:09
possess two important qualities,
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同時也擁有兩種特質
07:12
and they are
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這些特質是
07:14
humility and ambition.
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謙虛和野心。
07:17
These are leaders
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這些領袖
07:19
who are highly ambitious for the greater good.
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對於為大眾的好處是非常的有野心的。
07:22
And because they're ambitious for a greater good,
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也因為他們對大眾的好處很有野心,
07:24
they feel no need to inflate their own egos.
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他們感到無需要去膨脹他們的自我,
07:27
And they, according to the research,
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以及, 根據研究
07:29
make the best business leaders.
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他們變成了最好的商業領袖。
07:33
And if you look at these qualities
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假如在慈悲的背景之下,
07:35
in the context of compassion,
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你看到這些特質
07:37
we find
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我們會發現
07:39
that the cognitive and affective components of compassion --
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慈悲裡的認知和情感部份---
07:43
understanding people and empathizing with people --
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明白別人, 以及同情別人
07:47
inhibits, tones down,
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會抑制, 調低
07:50
what I call the excessive self-obsession that's in us,
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我所謂的“過度的自我執著”--
07:54
therefore creating the conditions
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這也同時創造了
07:56
for humility.
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謙虛的條件。
07:59
The motivational component of compassion
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至於慈悲的誘導性部份
08:02
creates ambition for greater good.
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也創造了為了大眾利益的企圖心。
08:05
In other words,
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換句話說,
08:07
compassion is the way to grow Level 5 leaders.
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慈悲是孕育第五層領袖的方法。
08:11
And this is the first compelling business benefit.
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這是第一個令人難以抗拒的商業利益。
08:15
The second compelling benefit of compassion
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第二個從慈悲而來的難以抗拒的好處
08:18
is that it creates an inspiring workforce.
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是它創造了一些很有啟發性的勞動力。
08:22
Employees mutually inspire each other
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僱員往往會互相啟發
08:25
towards greater good.
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去達成那個更偉大的好。
08:27
It creates a vibrant, energetic community
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它創造了一個生氣勃勃和有能量的社群
08:29
where people admire and respect each other.
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那裡的人都會互相欣賞和尊重。
08:32
I mean, you come to work in the morning,
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譬如說, 你在早上來到公司
08:34
and you work with three guys
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跟三個
08:36
who just up and decide to build a hospital in India.
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剛決定去為印度建一間醫院的人共事。
08:40
It's like how can you not be inspired by those people --
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你怎麽不會被這些人
08:43
your own coworkers?
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也就是你自己的同事所啓發?
08:46
So this mutual inspiration
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所以, 這種相互啟發
08:48
promotes collaboration,
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會提高合作,
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initiative and creativity.
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自發性和創造力。
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It makes us a highly effective company.
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這就讓我們變成了一間十分高效能的公司
08:56
So, having said all that,
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所以, 說了這麽多,
08:58
what is the secret formula
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那麽在企業的環境之中
09:00
for brewing compassion
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去培育慈悲心的
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in the corporate setting?
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秘密方程式是什麽?
09:05
In our experience,
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根據我們的經驗,
09:07
there are three ingredients.
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這是有三個元素
09:09
The first ingredient
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第一個元素
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is to create a culture
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是去創造
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of passionate concern
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一個慈悲為懷的文化
09:16
for the greater good.
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為了更大的好
09:18
So always think:
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所以要常常去想
09:20
how is your company and your job
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你的公司, 你的工作
09:23
serving the greater good?
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可以怎樣去為更大的“好”來服務?
09:25
Or, how can you further serve
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或是, 你怎樣可以更進一步
09:27
the greater good?
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去為更大的“好”服務?
09:29
This awareness of serving the greater good
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這些去為更大的好去服務的醒悟
09:32
is very self-inspiring
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其實是十分自我啟發的
09:34
and it creates fertile ground
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這也提供了一個
09:36
for compassion to grow in.
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讓慈悲文化萌芽的土壤。
09:38
That's one.
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這是第一個
09:40
The second ingredient
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第二個元素
09:42
is autonomy.
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是自主性。
09:44
So in Google, there's a lot of autonomy.
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在谷歌裡, 有很多的自主性。
09:47
And one of our most popular managers jokes that,
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其中我們一個最受歡迎的經理, 常開玩笑說
09:49
this is what he says,
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這是他說的:
09:51
"Google is a place
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「谷歌是一個
09:53
where the inmates run the asylum."
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由病友去管理的精神病院。」
09:56
And he considers himself one of the inmates.
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他也自認為是其中一個病友。
09:59
If you already have
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假如你已經有
10:01
a culture of compassion
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慈悲心的文化
10:03
and idealism
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以及理想主義,
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and you let your people roam free,
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你能讓你的僱員自由,
10:07
they will do the right thing
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他們便會以最慈悲的方法
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in the most compassionate way.
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去做對的事。
10:12
The third ingredient
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第三個元素
10:14
is to focus on inner development
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是去關注他們的內在成長
10:17
and personal growth.
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以及個人成長。
10:19
Leadership training in Google, for example,
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譬如說，在谷歌的領袖訓練,
10:22
places a lot of emphasis on the inner qualities,
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十分重視個人的內在質素,
10:25
such as self-awareness, self-mastery,
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像是自覺性, 自我管理,
10:28
empathy and compassion,
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同理心以及慈悲心等,
10:31
because we believe
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因為我們相信
10:33
that leadership begins
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領導的才能
10:35
with character.
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是由性格開始的。
10:38
We even created a seven-week curriculum
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我們甚至設計了一個七星期
10:40
on emotion intelligence,
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關於情緒智能的課程
10:42
which we jokingly call "Searching Inside Yourself."
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我們都開玩笑的叫這課程為「尋找你內在的自己」
10:46
It's less naughty than it sounds.
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其實它不如聽起來的佻皮。
10:50
So I'm an engineer by training,
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我原本是工程師出身,
10:52
but I'm one of the creators and instructors of this course,
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但我是這課程的設計者和導師之一,
10:56
which I find kind of funny,
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我個人覺得這很有趣,
10:58
because this is a company that trusts an engineer
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因為公司十分信任工程師
11:00
to teach emotion intelligence.
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可以去教情緒智能。
11:02
What a company.
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這是什麼公司呀！
11:04
(Laughter)
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（笑聲）
11:06
So "Search Inside Yourself" -- how does it work?
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這個“尋找你內在的自己”---是怎樣做到的?
11:09
It works in three steps.
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有三個步驟
11:11
The first step
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第一步
11:13
is attention training.
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是專注力的訓練。
11:15
Attention is the basis
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專注力是所有
11:18
of all higher cognitive and emotional abilities.
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更高層次的認知和情緒能力的基本。
11:24
Therefore, any curriculum
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所以, 任何的
11:26
for training emotion intelligence
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訓練情緒智能的課程
11:28
has to begin with attention training.
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都是由訓練專注力開始。
11:32
The idea here is to train attention
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背後的想法是, 由訓練專注力
11:35
to create a quality of mind
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去創造一個高素質的
11:37
that is calm and clear
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同時也是
11:39
at the same time.
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平靜和清徹的心靈。
11:42
And this creates the foundation
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而這也創造了
11:44
for emotion intelligence.
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情緒智商的基礎。
11:47
The second step follows the first step.
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第二步是接著第一步而來
11:50
The second step is developing self-knowledge
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第二步是發展自我認知
11:53
and self-mastery.
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以及自我管理
11:55
So using the supercharged attention from step one,
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當用上第一步所學到的超能專注力,
11:59
we create a high-resolution perception
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我們就可以在認知和情緒的過程中
12:02
into the cognitive and emotive processes.
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創建一個高清的接收視野。
12:05
What does that mean?
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這是什麼意思?
12:07
It means being able to observe our thought stream
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這是說我們可以內觀自己的思想流程
12:11
and the process of emotion
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以及情緒的過程
12:13
with high clarity,
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十分清晰
12:15
objectivity
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客觀地,
12:17
and from a third-person perspective.
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就好像從第三者的角度一樣的。
12:20
And once you can do that,
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當你能做到的時候,
12:22
you create the kind of self-knowledge
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你便能創造那種
12:24
that enables self-mastery.
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可以掌管自己的自我認知。
12:28
The third step, following the second step,
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第三步, 跟隨著第二步來的
12:31
is to create new mental habits.
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去創造一個全新的精神習慣
12:33
What does that mean? Imagine this.
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這是什麼意思？試著去想:
12:36
Imagine whenever you meet any other person,
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想像當你遇見別人
12:39
any time you meet a person,
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每一次你遇見別人的時候
12:41
your habitual, instinctive first thought
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你的習慣, 當下的第一意念
12:44
is, "I want you to be happy.
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就是: 「我希望你快樂
12:46
I want you to be happy."
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我希望你快樂。」
12:48
Imagine you can do that.
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想像你能做到。
12:50
Having this habit, this mental habit,
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有了這個習慣, 這個精神的習慣
12:52
changes everything at work.
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就可以改變工作中的一切。
12:55
Because this good will
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因為這份很好的心意
12:57
is unconsciously picked up by other people,
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是會在不知不覺中的讓別人感受到,
13:00
and it creates trust,
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而當中便成了信任,
13:03
and trust creates a lot of good working relationships.
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信任也創造了許多很好的合作關係。
13:07
And this also creates the conditions
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這也創造了
13:09
for compassion in the workplace.
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在工作場中的慈悲心的條件。
13:12
Someday, we hope to open-source
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我們也希望有一天可以公開
13:15
"Search Inside Yourself"
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「這尋找你內在的自己」的課程内容
13:17
so that everybody in the corporate world
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讓在企業世界裏的每個人
13:20
will at least be able to use it as a reference.
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至少都可以用作為一個參考。
13:24
And in closing,
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在結束之前,
13:26
I want to end the same place I started,
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我想回到我開始所說的
13:28
with happiness.
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關於快樂:
13:30
I want to quote this guy -- the guy in robes, not the other guy --
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我想引用這個穿袈裟的人的話
13:34
the Dalai Lama,
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達賴喇嘛
13:36
who said, "If you want others to be happy,
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他說: 「如果你想讓別人快樂
13:38
practice compassion.
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練習慈悲心
13:40
If you want to be happy,
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如果你想變得快樂
13:42
practice compassion."
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練習慈悲心」
13:44
I found this to be true,
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我覺得這是真的,
13:46
both on the individual level
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不論在個人的層面
13:48
and at a corporate level.
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還是企業的層面。
13:50
And I hope that compassion
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我希望這慈悲心
13:52
will be both fun and profitable for you too.
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對你來說, 也同時是有趣和帶來利益的。
13:54
Thank you.
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謝謝
13:56
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chade-Meng Tan - Google FellowOne of Google's earliest engineers, Chade-Meng Tan is now Google's Jolly Good Fellow -- the head of personal growth at the groundbreaking search company.
Why you should listen
Chade-Meng Tan was one of Google's earliest engineers. Among many other things, Meng helped build Google's first mobile search service, and headed the team that kept a vigilant eye on Google's search quality. After an eight-year stint in Engineering, he now serves with GoogleEDU as the Head of Personal Growth. One of his main projects is Search Inside Yourself -- a mindfulness-based emotional intelligence course, which he hopes will eventually contribute to world peace in a meaningful way. His 2012 book is also called Search Inside Yourself -- and Dan Pink is a fan.
Outside of Google, Meng is the Founder and (Jolly Good) President of the Tan Teo Charitable Foundation, a small foundation dedicated to promoting peace, liberty and enlightenment in the world. He is a founding patron of Stanford University's Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education (CCARE). He is also a founding patron of the World Peace Festival, and adviser to a number of technology startups.
Chade-Meng Tan | Speaker | TED.com