Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
كين روبنسون: كيف تقتل المدارس الإبداع
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
كان يوما عظيما، أليس كذلك؟
(ضحك)
running through the conference
to what I want to talk about.
evidence of human creativity
على الإبداع البشري
and the range of it.
that it's put us in a place
أي فكرة عما سيحدث،
what's going to happen,
has an interest in education.
at dinner parties, frankly.
بصراحة، إذا كنت تعمل في التعليم.
you're not asked.
That's strange to me.
you know, "Why me?"
they pin you to the wall.
that goes deep with people, am I right?
and I think we all do.
that's meant to take us into this future
children starting school this year
خلال الأيام الأربع الماضية --
on parade for the past four days,
in five years' time.
to be educating them for it.
I think, is extraordinary.
capacities that children have --
متألقة ليلة البارحة،
was a marvel, wasn't she?
she's not, so to speak,
of extraordinary dedication
all kids have tremendous talents.
is as important in education as literacy,
with the same status.
-- I love telling it --
who was in a drawing lesson.
at the back, drawing,
hardly ever paid attention,
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
drawing a picture of God."
knows what God looks like."
"They will, in a minute."
في كل مكان. (ضحك)
everywhere, to be honest.
كان في سن الرابعة ذلك العام.
wherever he went, he was four that year.
Do you remember the story?
ميل جبسون الجزء الثاني.
you may have seen it.
حصل جيمس على دور يوسف،
which we were thrilled about.
one of the lead parts.
full of agents in T-shirts:
where the three kings come in?
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
they just went out of sequence,
afterward and we said,
"نعم، لم، هل كان ذلك خطأ؟"
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
على رؤوسهم،
on their heads,
"I bring you gold."
"I bring you myrrh."
is that kids will take a chance.
أن الأطفال سيجازفون.
frightened of being wrong.
هما نفس الشيء.
is the same thing as being creative.
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
with anything original --
وبحلول فترة البلوغ
most kids have lost that capacity.
frightened of being wrong.
national education systems
thing you can make.
we are educating people
that all children are born artists.
as we grow up.
أنا أؤمن بهذا بشغف
that we don't grow into creativity,
نتعلم لنخرج منه.
ما قبل خمس سنوات
until about five years ago.
إلى لوس أنجلس
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
what a seamless transition that was.
called Snitterfield,
Shakespeare's father was born.
لقد صعقت أنا
having a father, do you?
أليس كذلك؟
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
أنا لم أفكر في ذلك قط. أقصد، لقد كان
English class, wasn't he?
كم سيكون ذلك مزعجا؟
يرسله أبوه إلى الفراش، كما تعلمون
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
إنها تربك الجميع"ـ
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
about the transition.
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
وابنتي 16 سنة.
إنه يحبها
كانت هي حب حياته، سارة.
a girlfriend in England.
their fourth anniversary,
another girl like Sarah."
about that, frankly --
وراء مغادرتنا للبلاد
we were leaving the country.
when you move to America
له نفس الهيكل الهرمي للمواضيع
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
لكنه ليس موجودا.
otherwise, but it isn't.
and at the bottom are the arts.
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
given a higher status in schools
أكبر في المدارس
لا يوجد نظام تعليم على الكوكب
system on the planet
ولكن الرقص كذلك.
important, but so is dance.
جميعنا نفعل.
if they're allowed to, we all do.
هل فاتني اجتماع؟
Did I miss a meeting?
as children grow up,
from the waist up.
ثم نركز على الرأس
education, as an alien,
if you look at the output,
بالنظر إلى الناتج
points, who are the winners --
the whole purpose of public education
الهدف الكلي من التعليم العام
professors, but you know,
للإنجاز البشري.
of all human achievement.
out of affection for them.
about professors in my experience --
they live in their heads.
and slightly to one side.
in a kind of literal way.
of transport for their heads.
their head to meetings.
of out-of-body experiences,
conference of senior academics,
on the final night.
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
إلى المنزل لكتابة ورقة عن ذلك
go home and write a paper about it.
فكرة القدرة الأكاديمية.
on the idea of academic ability.
no public systems of education,
قبل القرن ال19.
to meet the needs of industrialism.
لمتطلبات العمل
subjects for work are at the top.
على الأرجح تم توجيهك
probably steered benignly away
التي كنت تحبها
were a kid, things you liked,
هل هذا صحيح؟
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
going to be a musician;
العالم بأسره
is engulfed in a revolution.
والتي طغت فعلا على
our view of intelligence,
على صورتها
the system in their image.
of public education around the world
of university entrance.
is that many highly-talented,
people think they're not,
they were good at at school
or was actually stigmatized.
to go on that way.
than since the beginning of history.
of all the things we've talked about --
effect on work, and demography
أليس هذا صحيحا؟
كانت لديك وظيفة
if you had a degree, you had a job.
it's because you didn't want one.
(ضحك)
to carry on playing video games,
الوظيفة السابقة تتطلب البكالوريوس
the previous job required a BA,
structure of education
إننا نحتاج إلى إعادة التفكير
our view of intelligence.
في العالم بجميع
that we experience it.
we think kinesthetically.
we think in movement.
كما سمعنا
of a human brain,
from a number of presentations,
which I define as the process
أنا على أنه عملية
that have value --
through the interaction
ways of seeing things.
that joins the two halves of the brain
إنه أغلظ لدى النساء
عدة مهام في ذات الوقت
are better at multi-tasking.
but I know it from my personal life.
ولكنني أعلم ذلك من حياتي الشخصية
which is not often, thankfully.
(ضحك)
but if she's cooking,
she's painting the ceiling,
is shut, the kids are out,
الأطفال في الخارج
if she comes in I get annoyed.
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
أحتاج إلى الهدوء." (ضحك)
that old philosophical thing,
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
recently, which said,
"لو أن رجلا تحدث برأيه
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
called "Epiphany,"
of interviews with people
هؤلاء الأشخاص
إلى ما وصلوا إليه.
by how people got to be there.
I had with a wonderful woman
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
إنها مصممة استعراضات
and everybody knows her work.
إدارة الباليه الملكي، في إنجلترا
of The Royal Ballet,
lunch one day and I said,
she was really hopeless.
wrote to her parents and said,
has a learning disorder."
لم تكن تستطيع التركيز،
she was fidgeting.
ولكن كان ذلك في الثلاثينيات
Wouldn't you?
hadn't been invented at this point.
فكانت غرفة مغطاة جدرانها بألواح البلوط
and she was there with her mother,
on this chair at the end,
while this man talked to her mother
وفي نهاية اللقاء --
Gillian was having at school.
her homework was always late; and so on,
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
things your mother's told me,
لن نتغيب طويلا."
we won't be very long,"
that was sitting on his desk.
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
and he turned to her mother and said,
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
إنها راقصة.
how wonderful it was.
كم كان ذلك رائعاً.
and it was full of people like me.
Who had to move to think.
يحتاجون إلى الحركة لكي يفكرو.
they did modern; they did contemporary.
for the Royal Ballet School;
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
from the Royal Ballet School,
musical theater productions in history,
and she's a multi-millionaire.
on medication and told her to calm down.
ما أعتقد أن الأساس في الأمر هو التالي:
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
ريتشل كارسون.
of human ecology,
to reconstitute our conception
for a particular commodity.
the fundamental principles
الذي قال، "لو أن جميع الحشرات
by Jonas Salk, who said,
were to disappear from the Earth,
on Earth would end.
disappeared from the Earth,
خلال 50 عام."
of life would flourish."
of the human imagination.
that we've talked about.
our creative capacities
for the hope that they are.
their whole being,
make something of it.
شكرا جزيلا.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com