Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
کین روبینسن کہتے ہیں سکول تخلیقی صلاحیت تباہ کر دیتے ہیں
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
(ہنسی)
running through the conference
to what I want to talk about.
evidence of human creativity
and the range of it.
that it's put us in a place
ہمیں کوئی اندازہ نہیں کہ کیا ہونے والا ہے
what's going to happen,
has an interest in education.
سب کو تعلیم میں دلچسپی ہے۔
at dinner parties, frankly.
، ایمانداری کی بات ہے اگرآپ تعلیم میں کام کرتے ہیں
you're not asked.
(ہنسی)
جو کہ میرے لیے اچھنبے کی بات ہے۔
That's strange to me.
دیکھیں گے ۔ وہ ایسے ہوں گے
you know, "Why me?"
پورے ہفتے کی اکلوتی رات غارت۔‘
(ہنسی)
they pin you to the wall.
کیونکہ یہ ان جیزوں میں سے ہے
that goes deep with people, am I right?
اور میرے خیال میں ہم سب کو ہے۔
and I think we all do.
that's meant to take us into this future
جو ہماری گرفت میں نہیں آتا۔
children starting school this year
اس سال سکول جانا شروع کرنے والے بچے
پچھلے چار دنوں سے نظر آ رہا ہے
on parade for the past four days,
in five years' time.
to be educating them for it.
چنانچہ، میرے خیال میں، بے یقینی
I think, is extraordinary.
capacities that children have --
میرا مطلب ہے، کل رات سیرینا حیرت انگیز تھی
was a marvel, wasn't she?
ایک لحاظ سے وہ نہیں ہے
she's not, so to speak,
جو غیر معمولی طور پر سرگرم ہے
of extraordinary dedication
اس بات پر زور دینا چاہتا ہوں کہ
all kids have tremendous talents.
بات کرنا چاہتا ہوں۔ میری دلیل یہ ہے کہ
is as important in education as literacy,
اتنی ہی ضروری ہے کہ جتنی خواندگی
with the same status.
(تالیاں)
(ہنسی)
تو 15 منٹ رہ گیّے ہیں۔
(ہنسی)
مجھے یہ سنانا بہت پسند ہے۔۔
-- I love telling it --
وہ چھہ سال کی تھی
who was in a drawing lesson.
at the back, drawing,
کبھی کام پر توجہ نہیں دی
hardly ever paid attention,
بہت دھیان سے کام کر رہی ہے۔
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
drawing a picture of God."
knows what God looks like."
"مگر کسی کو نہیں معلوم کہ خدا کیسا لگتا ہے"
"They will, in a minute."
(ہنسی)
everywhere, to be honest.
تو وہ جہاں بھی جاتا ، اس سال وہ چار سال کا ہی تھا۔
wherever he went, he was four that year.
Do you remember the story?
اس کا دوسرا حصہ بنایا تھا۔
you may have seen it.
خیر جمیز کو یوسف کا کردار ملا
which we were thrilled about.
one of the lead parts.
full of agents in T-shirts:
(ہنسی)
where the three kings come in?
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
they just went out of sequence,
afterward and we said,
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
on their heads,
"I bring you gold."
"I bring you myrrh."
’میں آپ کے لئے لبوبان لایا ہوں
(ہنسی)
is that kids will take a chance.
بچے ہمت سے کام لیتے ہیں۔
frightened of being wrong.
تخلیقی صلاحیت کا ہونا ایک جیسا ہی ہے۔
is the same thing as being creative.
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
with anything original --
اور بلوغت تک پہنچنے تک،
most kids have lost that capacity.
frightened of being wrong.
national education systems
thing you can make.
we are educating people
ہم لوگوں کو ایسی تعلیم دے رہے ہیں
پکاسو نے اک مرتبہ کہا تھا:
that all children are born artists.
as we grow up.
میں اس پر پورا یقین رکھتا ہوں،
that we don't grow into creativity,
ہماری تخلیقی صلاحیت بڑھتی نہیں،
ہمیں اس سے دور کرتی جاتی ہے۔
until about five years ago.
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
what a seamless transition that was.
(ہنسی)
called Snitterfield,
Shakespeare's father was born.
ایک نئے خیال سے چونک گئے؟
having a father, do you?
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
میرا مطلب ہے کہ وہ
English class, wasn't he?
یہ کتنی عجیب و غریب بات ہے؟
(ہنسی)
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
ں کچھ کہنا چاہتا ہوں۔
about the transition.
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
میری بیٹی 16 سال کی ہے۔
وہ اسکی زندگی کا پیار تھی، سارہ۔
a girlfriend in England.
their fourth anniversary,
کبھی نہیں ملے گی۔’
another girl like Sarah."
about that, frankly --
we were leaving the country.
when you move to America
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
otherwise, but it isn't.
and at the bottom are the arts.
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
given a higher status in schools
عام طور پر ذیادہ مقام دیا جاتا ہے
پوری دنیا میں ایسا کوئی تعلیمی نظام نہیں
system on the planet
لیکن رقص بھی اہم ہے۔
important, but so is dance.
انھیں کرنے دیا جائے، ہم سب کرتے ہیں۔
if they're allowed to, we all do.
کیا مجھہ سے کوئی ملاقات چھوٹی؟
Did I miss a meeting?
(ہنسی)
as children grow up,
ہم انہیں تعلیم دینا شروع کرتے ہیں
from the waist up.
ہم ان کے سروں پر دھیان دیتے ہیں۔
education, as an alien,
if you look at the output,
اگر آپ نتا۶ج کو دیکھیں،
points, who are the winners --
the whole purpose of public education
عوامی نصاب کا سارا مقصد
(ہنسی)
professors, but you know,
of all human achievement.
مگر وہ تھوڑے متجسس ہیں،
out of affection for them.
ایک چیز حریت انگیز ہے۔۔
about professors in my experience --
وہ اپنے دماغوں میں رہیتے ہیں۔
they live in their heads.
and slightly to one side.
in a kind of literal way.
of transport for their heads.
(ہنسی)
their head to meetings.
of out-of-body experiences,
conference of senior academics,
on the final night.
اور وہاں آپ دیکھیں گے،
عمر رسیدہ مرد اور عورتیں
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
اس پر ایک مقالہ لکھہ سکیں۔
go home and write a paper about it.
on the idea of academic ability.
no public systems of education,
انیسویں صدی سے پہلے۔
to meet the needs of industrialism.
subjects for work are at the top.
probably steered benignly away
جو چیزیں آپ کو پسند تھیں،
were a kid, things you liked,
یہ ٹھیک ہے نا؟
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
going to be a musician;
is engulfed in a revolution.
our view of intelligence,
the system in their image.
of public education around the world
of university entrance.
is that many highly-talented,
people think they're not,
they were good at at school
یا دراصل اس کو بد نما بنا کر پیش کیا گیا۔
or was actually stigmatized.
to go on that way.
than since the beginning of history.
of all the things we've talked about --
رونما ہونے والے اثرات، اور آبادیات
effect on work, and demography
ڈگری تھی، تو آپ کے پاس ملازمت تھی۔
if you had a degree, you had a job.
اس کی وجہ یہ تھی کہ آپ کو خود ملازمت نہیں کرنا چاہتے تھے۔
it's because you didn't want one.
(ہنسی)
to carry on playing video games,
the previous job required a BA,
structure of education
ہمیں مکمل طور پر دوبارہ سوچنا ہے
our view of intelligence.
that we experience it.
we think kinesthetically.
we think in movement.
of a human brain,
from a number of presentations,
which I define as the process
جسے میں اک جاری عمل شمار کرتا ہوں
that have value --
through the interaction
ways of seeing things.
that joins the two halves of the brain
جو دماغ کے دو حصوں کو ملاتی ہے
مختلف کام کرنے میں بہتر ہوتی ہیں
are better at multi-tasking.
but I know it from my personal life.
لیکن مجھے اپنی ذاتی ذندگی سے یہ معلوم ہے۔
which is not often, thankfully.
(ہنسی)
، نہیں، وہ کچھہ چیزوں میں اچھی ہے۔۔
but if she's cooking,
وہ چھت کو رنگ کر رہی ہوتی ہے،
she's painting the ceiling,
is shut, the kids are out,
بچے باہر ہوتے ہیں،
if she comes in I get annoyed.
تو مجھے اَلجھن ہوتی ہے۔
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
میں یہاں انڈا تلنے کی کوشش کر رہا ہوں’۔ مجھ سے دور رہو۔’
(ہنسی)
that old philosophical thing,
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
recently, which said,
جس پر لکھا تھا، ’اگر ایک شخص اپنے دل کی بات کہے’
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
(ہنسی)
called "Epiphany,"
of interviews with people
by how people got to be there.
I had with a wonderful woman
جن کے بارے میں غالباّ کافی لوگوں
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
کچھہ نے سنا۔ وہ ایک کوریوگرافر ہیں،
and everybody knows her work.
رائل بیلے کے بورڈ میں تھا،
of The Royal Ballet,
lunch one day and I said,
اور میں نے کہا،
اور اس نے کہا
she was really hopeless.
wrote to her parents and said,
has a learning disorder."
she was fidgeting.
Wouldn't you?
hadn't been invented at this point.
(ہنسی)
تو اس بلوط کی لکڑی سے مزین کمرے میں
and she was there with her mother,
on this chair at the end,
while this man talked to her mother
اور اس کے آخر میں
Gillian was having at school.
her homework was always late; and so on,
وغیرہ وغیرہ ،
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
things your mother's told me,
بات کرنا چاہتا ہوں۔’
ہمیں زیادہ وقت نہیں لگے گا۔’
we won't be very long,"
اس نے ریڈیو چلا دیا
that was sitting on his desk.
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
’ اور جس لمحے انہوں نے کمرا چھوڑا،
موسیقی کےساتھہ حرکت کر رہی تھی۔
and he turned to her mother and said,
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
how wonderful it was.
وہ کتنا ذبردست تھا۔’
and it was full of people like me.
لوگ جو ساکن نہیں بیٹھہ سکتے تھے۔
Who had to move to think.
جنہیں سوچنے کے لیے حرکت کرنا ضروری تھا۔
they did modern; they did contemporary.
for the Royal Ballet School;
اس کا کیرئر شاندار رہا
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
from the Royal Ballet School,
musical theater productions in history,
and she's a multi-millionaire.
on medication and told her to calm down.
اس ساری بات کا نچوڑ میں یہ سمجھتا ہوں
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
of human ecology,
to reconstitute our conception
for a particular commodity.
the fundamental principles
جس میں اس نے کہا، ’اگر تمام حشرات’
by Jonas Salk, who said,
were to disappear from the Earth,
on Earth would end.
disappeared from the Earth,
of life would flourish."
of the human imagination.
that we've talked about.
our creative capacities
وہ یہ کہ ہم اپنی تخلیقی صلاحیتوں
for the hope that they are.
their whole being,
تاکہ وہ اس مستقبل کا سامنا کر سکیں۔
make something of it.
بہت بہت شکریہ۔
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com