TED2006
Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
Ken Robinsonek dio eskolak sormena hiltzen duela
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Sir Ken Robinsonek, era dibertigarri eta hunkigarri batean, sormena bultzatzen (eta ez hondoratzen) duen hezkuntza sistema baten beharra azaltzen du.
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:24
Good morning. How are you?
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Egun on. Zer moduz? Izugarria izan da, ezta?
00:28
(Laughter)
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00:29
It's been great, hasn't it?
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Guzti honek gaindituta nauka.
00:32
I've been blown away by the whole thing.
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00:34
In fact, I'm leaving.
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Egia esan, hemendik hanka egitekotan nago (barreak)
00:36
(Laughter)
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Nik azaldu nahi dudanarekin erlazio
00:42
There have been three themes
running through the conference
running through the conference
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estua duten hiru gai jorratu dira
00:45
which are relevant
to what I want to talk about.
to what I want to talk about.
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hitzaldi saio hauetan.
00:47
One is the extraordinary
evidence of human creativity
evidence of human creativity
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Lehena, orain arte izandako hitzaldi guztiek
00:52
in all of the presentations that we've had
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agerian jarri duten
00:54
and in all of the people here.
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giza sormenaren aparteko erakustaldia da. Izandako barietatea
00:56
Just the variety of it
and the range of it.
and the range of it.
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eta aukera ezberdinak alegia. Bigarrenez,
01:00
The second is
that it's put us in a place
that it's put us in a place
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etorkizuna guztiz ezezaguna den eszenario batetan kokatu gaituzte.
01:02
where we have no idea
what's going to happen,
what's going to happen,
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01:04
in terms of the future.
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Ideiarik ez
01:06
No idea how this may play out.
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guzti hau nola garatu daitekeen.
01:09
I have an interest in education.
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Interesa dut hezkuntzan --
01:10
Actually, what I find is everybody
has an interest in education.
has an interest in education.
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egia esan, konturatu naiz guztiok dugula interesa hezkuntzan.
Ezta egia? Oso interesgarria deritzot.
01:15
Don't you?
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01:16
I find this very interesting.
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Afari batetan bazaude, eta hezkuntzan lan
01:17
If you're at a dinner party,
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01:19
and you say you work in education --
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egiten duzula esanez gero --
01:21
Actually, you're not often
at dinner parties, frankly.
at dinner parties, frankly.
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beno, hezkuntzan lan eginten baduzu ez zara afari askotan egongo.
01:24
(Laughter)
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01:28
If you work in education,
you're not asked.
you're not asked.
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(Barreak) Inork ez zaitu gonbidatzen.
01:31
(Laughter)
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Ezta, aldiz, inoiz gonbidatu ezkero, berriz deitzen ere. Arraroa da.
01:34
And you're never asked back, curiously.
That's strange to me.
That's strange to me.
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01:38
But if you are, and you say to somebody,
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Baina afariren batetan egotekotan, eta norbaitekin hitz egitean,
badakizu, "Zertan lan egiten duzu?" galdetzen dizute
01:40
you know, they say, "What do you do?"
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eta zuk hezkuntzan lan egiten duzula erantzun,
01:42
and you say you work in education,
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01:44
you can see the blood run from their face.
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segidan ikusi dezakezu nola aurpegia zurbiltzen zaien, pentsatuz,
01:46
They're like, "Oh my God,"
you know, "Why me?"
you know, "Why me?"
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"Alajaina! Zergaitik niri? Aste osoko irtenaldi bakarra..." (barreak)
01:48
(Laughter)
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01:50
"My one night out all week."
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01:51
(Laughter)
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Baina aldiz, beraien hezkuntzari buruz galdetuz gero,
01:54
But if you ask about their education,
they pin you to the wall.
they pin you to the wall.
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hormaren kontra jarriko zaituzte. Gizakiak barne-barnean ukitzen
01:57
Because it's one of those things
that goes deep with people, am I right?
that goes deep with people, am I right?
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dituen gauza horietako bat delako.
Erlijioa, dirua eta beste gauza batzuekin batera.
02:01
Like religion, and money and other things.
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Interes handia dut hezkuntzan, eta uste dut guztiok dugula interes hori.
02:04
So I have a big interest in education,
and I think we all do.
and I think we all do.
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Interes pertsonal izugarria dugu,
02:08
We have a huge vested interest in it,
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hezkuntza delako unean ulertezina den
02:10
partly because it's education
that's meant to take us into this future
that's meant to take us into this future
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etorkizun horretara gidatuko gaituena.
02:14
that we can't grasp.
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02:15
If you think of it,
children starting school this year
children starting school this year
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Pentsatuz gero, aurten eskolan hasitako umeak
2065 urtera arte egingo dute lan. Inork ezin dezake asmatu,
02:19
will be retiring in 2065.
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02:24
Nobody has a clue,
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azken lau egunetan izan dugun jakituri festa hau izanda eta guzti --
02:25
despite all the expertise that's been
on parade for the past four days,
on parade for the past four days,
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nolakoa izango den mundua
02:29
what the world will look like
in five years' time.
in five years' time.
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hemendik bost urtetara. Eta ustez,
02:32
And yet we're meant
to be educating them for it.
to be educating them for it.
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mundu horretarako hezten ditugu umeak. Beraz, predikzioak egiteko zailasuna,
02:34
So the unpredictability,
I think, is extraordinary.
I think, is extraordinary.
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nire aburuz, izugarria da.
02:36
And the third part of this
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Guzti honen hirugarren partea da guk guztiok, dena dela,
02:38
is that we've all agreed, nonetheless,
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umeek dituzten aparteko ahalmenak
02:40
on the really extraordinary
capacities that children have --
capacities that children have --
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goraipatzean elkar hartu dugula --
02:45
their capacities for innovation.
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berrikuntzarako duten ahalmen hori. Abidibez, bart, Serena miresgarri aritu zen.
02:48
I mean, Sirena last night
was a marvel, wasn't she?
was a marvel, wasn't she?
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Egin dezakeena ikusi hutsaz,
02:50
Just seeing what she could do.
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aparteko neska da, baina nire ustez bera ez da, nola esan,
02:52
And she's exceptional, but I think
she's not, so to speak,
she's not, so to speak,
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02:57
exceptional in the whole of childhood.
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apartekoa umeen artean.
Izugarri saiatu ondoren, iaotasun bat aurkitu duen pertsona bat da.
03:00
What you have there is a person
of extraordinary dedication
of extraordinary dedication
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Eta nire argudioa da
03:03
who found a talent.
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ume guztiek dituztela izugarrizko iaotasunak.
03:05
And my contention is,
all kids have tremendous talents.
all kids have tremendous talents.
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Eta guk erruki gabe alferrik galtzen ditugu.
03:07
And we squander them, pretty ruthlessly.
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Beraz hezkuntzari eta sormenari buruz hitz egin nahiko nuke
03:09
So I want to talk about education
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03:12
and I want to talk about creativity.
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Neure ustez, gaur egun sormena hezkuntzan
03:13
My contention is that creativity now
is as important in education as literacy,
is as important in education as literacy,
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alfabetatzea bezain garrantzitsua da
eta irrika berberaz zaindu beharko genuke.
03:19
and we should treat it
with the same status.
with the same status.
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(Txaloak) Eskerrik asko. Hau izan da guztia.
03:22
(Applause) Thank you.
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03:24
(Applause)
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03:29
That was it, by the way.
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Esker mila guztioi. (Barreak) Beraz
03:30
Thank you very much.
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03:31
(Laughter)
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03:33
So, 15 minutes left.
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oraindik 15 minutu ditut. Ongi, nire jaioterria... ez (Barreak)
03:35
(Laughter)
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03:38
Well, I was born... no.
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03:40
(Laughter)
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Duela gutxi istorio bat entzun nuen -- Oso gustoko istorio hau kontatzea --
03:43
I heard a great story recently
-- I love telling it --
-- I love telling it --
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Neskato gazte bat marrazketa klasean zegoen. 6 urteko neska zen
03:46
of a little girl
who was in a drawing lesson.
who was in a drawing lesson.
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eta gelaren atzekaldean, marrazten zebilen.
03:49
She was six, and she was
at the back, drawing,
at the back, drawing,
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Irakasleak esan zuen, neskato honek arreta oso urritan jartzen zuen arren,
03:51
and the teacher said this girl
hardly ever paid attention,
hardly ever paid attention,
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marrazketa klase hartan atentzio osoz zebilela.
03:54
and in this drawing lesson, she did.
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03:55
The teacher was fascinated.
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Liluratuta, irakaslea neskatoari hurbildu zitzaion
03:57
She went over to her,
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
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eta galdetu zion, "Zer ari zara marrazten?"
04:00
And the girl said, "I'm
drawing a picture of God."
drawing a picture of God."
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eta neskatoak erantzun zion, "Jaungoikoa marrazten ari naiz."
04:03
And the teacher said, "But nobody
knows what God looks like."
knows what God looks like."
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Eta irakasleak esa zion, "Baina, inortxok ere ez daki eta Jaungoikoak nolako itxura duen."
04:06
And the girl said,
"They will, in a minute."
"They will, in a minute."
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Eta neskak esan zuen, "Minutu bat barru jakingo dute."
04:09
(Laughter)
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(Barreak)
Ingalaterran nire semeak lau urte zituenean --
04:20
When my son was four in England --
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beno, egia esateko Ingalaterran eta leku guztietan zituen lau urte (Barreak)
04:23
Actually, he was four
everywhere, to be honest.
everywhere, to be honest.
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Zehatzak izateko, edonon egonda ere lau urte zituen urte hartan.
04:25
(Laughter)
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04:27
If we're being strict about it,
wherever he went, he was four that year.
wherever he went, he was four that year.
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Natibitatearen antzezpenean zegoen.
04:30
He was in the Nativity play.
Do you remember the story?
Do you remember the story?
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Istorioa gogoratzen duzue? Ez, handia zen bada.
04:33
(Laughter)
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04:34
No, it was big, it was a big story.
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Istorio handia alegia. Mel Gibsonek ondorengoa filmatu zuen.
04:36
Mel Gibson did the sequel,
you may have seen it.
you may have seen it.
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Agian ikusi duzue: "Natibitatea II." James-i Joseren papera eman zioten
04:38
(Laughter)
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04:40
"Nativity II."
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04:41
But James got the part of Joseph,
which we were thrilled about.
which we were thrilled about.
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gure poztasunerako.
04:45
We considered this to be
one of the lead parts.
one of the lead parts.
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Paper garrantzitsua zela uste genuen.
Antzezlekua jendez beteta geneukan, aproposko kamisetekin:
04:48
We had the place crammed
full of agents in T-shirts:
full of agents in T-shirts:
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"James Robinson JOSE da!" (Barreak)
04:50
"James Robinson IS Joseph!" (Laughter)
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04:53
He didn't have to speak,
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Ez zuen hitz egin beharrik, baina badakizue hiru erregeak
04:54
but you know the bit
where the three kings come in?
where the three kings come in?
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datozeneko zatia. Opariak dakartzate,
04:57
They come in bearing gifts,
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
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urrea, intsentsua eta mirra.
04:59
This really happened.
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Hau benetan gertatu zen. Hortxe eserita geuden
05:00
We were sitting there and I think
they just went out of sequence,
they just went out of sequence,
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eta uste dut eszenan agertzeko ordena nahastu zutela,
bukatu ondoren umearekin hitz egin genuen eta galdetu genion,
05:04
because we talked to the little boy
afterward and we said,
afterward and we said,
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"Egindakoarekin konforme?" Eta erantzun zuen, "Bai, zer ba? Txarto egon ahal da?"
05:06
"You OK with that?" And he said,
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
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Ordena aldatu zuten, besterik ez.
05:09
They just switched.
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Dena dela, hiru mutikoak eszenatokian agertu ziren --
05:10
The three boys came in,
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4 urteko umeak sukaldeko trapuak buruan zituztela --
05:12
four-year-olds with tea towels
on their heads,
on their heads,
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eta zeramatzaten kutxak lurrean jarrita
05:14
and they put these boxes down,
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05:15
and the first boy said,
"I bring you gold."
"I bring you gold."
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"Urrea dakartzut" esan zuen lehen mutikoak.
05:17
And the second boy said,
"I bring you myrrh."
"I bring you myrrh."
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"Nik mirra dakartzut" bigarrenak.
05:20
And the third boy said, "Frank sent this."
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Eta hirugarrenak esan zuen, "Frank-ek hau bidaltzen dizu" (Ingelesez "intsentsu" hitzaren antzeko esaldia da).
05:22
(Laughter)
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05:34
What these things have in common
is that kids will take a chance.
is that kids will take a chance.
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Guzti honek erakusten duena umeak arriskatu egiten direla da.
Ez badakite, beste zerbaitekin saiatzen dira.
05:37
If they don't know, they'll have a go.
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Zuzen ari naiz? Ez diete beldurrik hutsegiteei.
05:40
Am I right? They're not
frightened of being wrong.
frightened of being wrong.
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Hala ere, ez dut esan nahi huts egitea eta kreatiboa izatea gauza berdina direnik.
05:44
I don't mean to say that being wrong
is the same thing as being creative.
is the same thing as being creative.
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Dakiguna honako hau da,
05:48
What we do know is,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
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huts egiteko ongi prestatua ez bazaude,
05:52
you'll never come up
with anything original --
with anything original --
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ezin izango duzu sekula asmatu gauza originalik.
05:54
if you're not prepared to be wrong.
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Ume horiek helduak
05:56
And by the time they get to be adults,
most kids have lost that capacity.
most kids have lost that capacity.
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bihurtuko diren momenturako, gaitasun hori galdua dute.
Hutsegiteak burutzeari beldur dira.
06:01
They have become
frightened of being wrong.
frightened of being wrong.
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Eta gure enpresak era honela zuzentzen ditugu, baita ere.
06:03
And we run our companies like this.
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Erroreak estigamtizatzen ditugu. Eta hutsegiteak egin daitezkeen
06:05
We stigmatize mistakes.
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06:07
And we're now running
national education systems
national education systems
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gauzarik txarrentzat jotzen dituzten
06:09
where mistakes are the worst
thing you can make.
thing you can make.
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hezkuntza sistemak ditugu martxan gaur egun.
06:12
And the result is that
we are educating people
we are educating people
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Era honen ondorioz, sormen ahalmen gabeko jendea
06:15
out of their creative capacities.
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hezten ari gara eskoletan. Behin Picassok honakoa esan zuen.
06:18
Picasso once said this, he said
that all children are born artists.
that all children are born artists.
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Esan zuen ume guztiak artista jaiotzen direla.
06:22
The problem is to remain an artist
as we grow up.
as we grow up.
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Arazoa heldu ahala artista izaten jarraitzean dagoela zioen. Hitz hauetan sinisten dut bihotzez:
06:25
I believe this passionately,
that we don't grow into creativity,
that we don't grow into creativity,
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ez gara sormenerantz hezten,
sormenetik hazten gara. Edo bestela esanda, hezkuntzak berezko sormena mugatzen digu.
06:29
we grow out of it.
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06:30
Or rather, we get educated out if it.
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Zergaitik gertatzen da hau?
06:33
So why is this?
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Stratford-on-Avon-en bizi izan naiz duela bost urte arte.
06:34
I lived in Stratford-on-Avon
until about five years ago.
until about five years ago.
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Stratfordetik Los Angelesera joan ginen alegia.
06:38
In fact, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
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Imagina dezakezue zein leuna izen zen aldaketa.
06:41
So you can imagine
what a seamless transition that was.
what a seamless transition that was.
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(Barreak) Egitez,
06:44
(Laughter)
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06:46
Actually, we lived in a place
called Snitterfield,
called Snitterfield,
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Snitterfiel izeneko leku batetan bizi ginen
Stratford inguruan, Shakespeare-ren aita
06:48
just outside Stratford,
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06:49
which is where
Shakespeare's father was born.
Shakespeare's father was born.
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jaio zen lekuan. Ez ahal dizue honek ideia berririk ekarri? Niri bai.
06:52
Are you struck by a new thought? I was.
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06:54
You don't think of Shakespeare
having a father, do you?
having a father, do you?
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Ez dugu egiten gogoeta Shakespeare-ren aitari buruz, ezta?
Ezta ere Shakespeare ume bat
06:57
Do you? Because you don't think
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
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izan zenari buruz, ezta?
07:01
Shakespeare being seven?
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Shakespeare zazpi urterekin? Ez nuen honi buruz pentsatu sekula. Hau da,
07:02
I never thought of it.
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07:03
I mean, he was seven at some point.
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zazpi urte eduki zituen momenturen batetan
07:05
He was in somebody's
English class, wasn't he?
English class, wasn't he?
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eta norbaiten ingeles klaseak jasotzen zituen. Zein gogaikarria izan zitekeen hura.
07:07
(Laughter)
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07:14
How annoying would that be?
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(Barreak) "Gehiago saiatu behar da" Bere aitak nola bidaltzen zuen ohera, badakizue,
07:16
(Laughter)
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07:23
"Must try harder."
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07:24
(Laughter)
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07:28
Being sent to bed by his dad, you know,
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
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"Oherako ordua da!"
William Shakespeare-ri, "Eta utzi ezazu arkatz hori behingoz!
07:32
And put the pencil down."
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Eta utzi horrela hitzegiteari. Mundu guztia nahasten duzu."
07:34
(Laughter)
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07:35
"And stop speaking like that."
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07:37
(Laughter)
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07:41
"It's confusing everybody."
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(Barreak)
07:42
(Laughter)
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Dena den, Stratford-etik Los Angeles-era joan ginen bizitzera,
07:47
Anyway, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
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eta honi buruz zertxobait esan nahiko nuke.
07:53
and I just want to say a word
about the transition.
about the transition.
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Nire semeak ez zuen etorri nahi.
07:55
My son didn't want to come.
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07:57
I've got two kids;
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
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Bi seme-alaba ditut. Mutilak 21 urte ditu orain; alabak 16.
08:00
He didn't want to come to Los Angeles.
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Ez zuen Los Angelesera etorri nahi. Oso gustoko zuen arren,
Ingalaterran neskalaguna zuen. Bere bizitzako maitalea, Sarah.
08:02
He loved it, but he had
a girlfriend in England.
a girlfriend in England.
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08:05
This was the love of his life, Sarah.
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Duela hilabete eskas ezagutzen zirela elkar.
08:08
He'd known her for a month.
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Egin kontu, beraien laugarren urteurrena izango zen,
08:10
(Laughter)
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08:11
Mind you, they'd had
their fourth anniversary,
their fourth anniversary,
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16 urte dituzunean denpora asko baita hilabete bat.
08:13
because it's a long time when you're 16.
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Dena den, oso atsekabetuta zegoen hegazkinean,
08:16
He was really upset on the plane,
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eta esan zuen, "Sarah bezelako neskarik ezin izango dut sekula aurkitu"
08:18
he said, "I'll never find
another girl like Sarah."
another girl like Sarah."
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Eta, egia esan, gu oso pozik geunden,
08:20
And we were rather pleased
about that, frankly --
about that, frankly --
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neskato hura baitzen Ingalaterra uzteko arrazoi nagusia.
08:23
(Laughter)
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08:31
Because she was the main reason
we were leaving the country.
we were leaving the country.
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(Barreak)
08:34
(Laughter)
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Baina zerbaitetaz ohartzen zara Amerikara joaterakoan,
eta mundu osoan ere berdina geratzen da:
08:40
But something strikes you
when you move to America
when you move to America
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munduko hezkuntza sistema guztiek ikasgai hierarkia berbera jarraitzen dute.
08:42
and travel around the world:
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08:43
Every education system on Earth
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
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Guztiek. Non zauden axola gabe.
08:47
Every one. Doesn't matter where you go.
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Gauzak bestelakoak direla pentsa dezakezu, baina ez.
08:49
You'd think it would be
otherwise, but it isn't.
otherwise, but it isn't.
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Goi muturrean matematikak eta hizkuntzak,
08:51
At the top are mathematics and languages,
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ondoren giza zientziak, eta guztien azpian arteak.
08:53
then the humanities,
and at the bottom are the arts.
and at the bottom are the arts.
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Mundu guztian zehar berdin.
08:56
Everywhere on Earth.
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Eta sistema askotan ere,
08:57
And in pretty much every system too,
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
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arteek ere hierarkia berdina jarraitzen dute.
09:01
Art and music are normally
given a higher status in schools
given a higher status in schools
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Normalean, artea eta musikari garrantzia gehiago ematen zaie
drama eta dantzari baino. Munduan ez da existitzen egunero umeei
09:04
than drama and dance.
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09:05
There isn't an education
system on the planet
system on the planet
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dantza erakusten dien eskolarik
09:07
that teaches dance everyday to children
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matematikekin egiten dugun moduan. Zergaitik?
09:09
the way we teach them mathematics. Why?
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Zergaitik ez? Nire ustez hau garrantzitsua da.
09:12
Why not? I think this is rather important.
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Matematika oso garrantzitsua da, baina dantza ere da oso.
09:15
I think math is very
important, but so is dance.
important, but so is dance.
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Utziz gero, umeak une oro dabiltza dantzan. Guztiok bezala.
09:17
Children dance all the time
if they're allowed to, we all do.
if they're allowed to, we all do.
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Guztiok dugu gorputz bat, ezta? Zerbait galdu al dut bidean?
09:20
We all have bodies, don't we?
Did I miss a meeting?
Did I miss a meeting?
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09:23
(Laughter)
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(Barreak) Benetan gertatzen dena da,
09:26
Truthfully, what happens is,
as children grow up,
as children grow up,
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umeak hazten diren einean, gerritik gora hezten
09:28
we start to educate them progressively
from the waist up.
from the waist up.
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hasten gara pixkanaka. Eta azkenik hezkuntza buruaz soilik arduratzen da.
09:31
And then we focus on their heads.
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Eta buruaren alde batez bereziki.
09:33
And slightly to one side.
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Extralurtar batek gure hezkuntza aztertuko balu,
09:35
If you were to visit
education, as an alien,
education, as an alien,
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2657
09:38
and say "What's it for, public education?"
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eta galdetu "Zertarako balio du hezkuntza publikoak?"
09:41
I think you'd have to conclude,
if you look at the output,
if you look at the output,
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Konklusioa -- emaitzak aztertuz gero,
nork lortzen duen arrakasta ikusita,
09:43
who really succeeds by this,
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1376
nork egiten duen egin beharreko guztia,
09:45
who does everything that they should,
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09:47
who gets all the brownie
points, who are the winners --
points, who are the winners --
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2731
nork lortzen dituen garaikurrak, nortzuk diren irabazleak --
09:49
I think you'd have to conclude
the whole purpose of public education
the whole purpose of public education
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Uste dut aterako zukeen ondorioa, mundu osoko
hezkuntza publikoari buruz,
09:53
throughout the world
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honen helburu bakarra unibertsitate irakasleak sortzea dela. Ezta hola?
09:54
is to produce university professors.
209
570239
1953
09:56
Isn't it?
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09:57
They're the people who come out the top.
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1983
Goian dabiltzan pertsonak dira.
09:59
And I used to be one, so there.
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Ni ere beraietako bat nintzen (Barreak)
10:01
(Laughter)
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Eta ez pentsa ez ditudanik gustoko unibertsitate irakasleak,
10:04
And I like university
professors, but you know,
professors, but you know,
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10:07
we shouldn't hold them up
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baina ez genituzke eduki beharko giza lorpenen abibide hobezin bezala.
10:09
as the high-water mark
of all human achievement.
of all human achievement.
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10:12
They're just a form of life,
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1976
Soilik bizitzeko modu bat dute.
10:14
another form of life.
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Modu ezberdin bat. Baina nahiko bitxiak dira,
10:15
But they're rather curious, and I say this
out of affection for them.
out of affection for them.
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xamurtasunez diot hau, ez pentsa.
Nire esperientziak diost irakasle gehientsuenak
10:18
There's something curious
about professors in my experience --
about professors in my experience --
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bere buruetan bizi direla soilik.
10:21
not all of them, but typically,
they live in their heads.
they live in their heads.
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Hor goian bizi dira, eta alde bakarrerantz orientatuta.
10:24
They live up there,
and slightly to one side.
and slightly to one side.
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Gorputzetik kanpo bizi dira, modu ia literal batean.
10:27
They're disembodied, you know,
in a kind of literal way.
in a kind of literal way.
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Beraientzat, gorputza burua garraiotzeko
10:30
They look upon their body as a form
of transport for their heads.
of transport for their heads.
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instrumentua da soilik, ezta?
10:34
(Laughter)
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10:40
Don't they?
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(Barreak) Burua batzarretara eramateko modua da.
10:41
It's a way of getting
their head to meetings.
their head to meetings.
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2222
10:43
(Laughter)
228
619486
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Gorputzez-kanpoko esperientziren bat ezagutu nahi izanez gero
10:49
If you want real evidence
of out-of-body experiences,
of out-of-body experiences,
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pasatu zaitez goi mailako akademikoen
10:52
get yourself along to a residential
conference of senior academics,
conference of senior academics,
230
628876
3486
konferentziren batetik,
eta azken gaueko diskotekatik bueltatxo bat eman.
10:56
and pop into the discotheque
on the final night.
on the final night.
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2243
10:58
(Laughter)
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(Barreak) Hor ikusiko duzu -- hazitako gizon eta emakumeak
11:01
And there, you will see it.
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11:02
Grown men and women
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
234
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kontrol gabe bihurrikatzen, erritmo barik,
11:07
(Laughter)
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musika noiz bukatuko irrikitan, etxera joan eta horri buruz artikuluren bat idazteko.
11:09
Waiting until it ends so they can
go home and write a paper about it.
go home and write a paper about it.
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Gaur egun, gure hezkuntza sistema gaitasun akademikoetan oinarritzen da.
11:13
(Laughter)
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1904
11:15
Our education system is predicated
on the idea of academic ability.
on the idea of academic ability.
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Eta arrazoi bat dago.
11:19
And there's a reason.
239
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1241
Sistema osoa eraiki zen -- mundu osoan ez zegoen
11:20
Around the world, there were
no public systems of education,
no public systems of education,
240
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3556
hezkuntza publikorik 19. mendea heldu arte.
11:23
really, before the 19th century.
241
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Denak sortuak izan ziren
11:26
They all came into being
to meet the needs of industrialism.
to meet the needs of industrialism.
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industrializazioaren beharrak asetzeko.
Honela, hierarkia bi ideia nagusitan errotua dago.
11:29
So the hierarchy is rooted on two ideas.
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Lehena, lanerako baliogarrienak diren ikasgaiak
11:31
Number one, that the most useful
subjects for work are at the top.
subjects for work are at the top.
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garrantzitsuenak dira. Seguruenik, eskolan gustokoen
11:36
So you were
probably steered benignly away
probably steered benignly away
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zenituen gauzetatik aldendua izan zinen
11:38
from things at school when you
were a kid, things you liked,
were a kid, things you liked,
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674132
2934
horiekin lan bat lortzea
ezinezkoa izango zelakoan etorkizunean.
11:41
on the grounds that you would
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
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3386
Musikarik ez, ezara izango musikaria eta.
11:44
Don't do music, you're not
going to be a musician;
going to be a musician;
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Arterik ez, ezara izango artista eta.
11:46
don't do art, you won't be an artist.
249
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11:48
Benign advice -- now, profoundly mistaken.
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Aholku ona zena, orain errore bihurtu da. Mundu osoa
11:52
The whole world
is engulfed in a revolution.
is engulfed in a revolution.
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dago iraultza batetan murgilduta.
Eta bigarrena, gaitasun akademikoa da, zeinek inteligentziaren ikuspegia
11:54
And the second is academic ability,
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11:56
which has really come to dominate
our view of intelligence,
our view of intelligence,
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menperatu duen,
unibertsitateak sistema beraien irudira eraiki baitute.
11:59
because the universities designed
the system in their image.
the system in their image.
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Ondo pentsatuta, mundu guztiko
12:02
If you think of it, the whole system
of public education around the world
of public education around the world
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3494
helkuntza sistema publikoak unibertsitaterako sarrera
prestatzen dute soilik.
12:05
is a protracted process
of university entrance.
of university entrance.
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2226
Honen ondorioz, takentuzko jendeak,
12:08
And the consequence
is that many highly-talented,
is that many highly-talented,
257
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2333
oso argi eta sormen handikoak uste dute ez direla horrelako ezer,
12:10
brilliant, creative
people think they're not,
people think they're not,
258
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2435
eskolan menperatzen zituzten arloek
12:12
because the thing
they were good at at school
they were good at at school
259
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ez zutelako baliorik, edo estigmatizaturik zeudelako.
12:15
wasn't valued,
or was actually stigmatized.
or was actually stigmatized.
260
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2108
12:17
And I think we can't afford
to go on that way.
to go on that way.
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Eta uste dut ezin dugula bide honetatik jarraitu.
12:19
In the next 30 years, according to UNESCO,
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Hurrengo 30 urteetan, UNESCO-ren arabera,
jende gehiago graduatuko da mundu osoan zehar,
12:22
more people worldwide will be graduating
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2810
historiaren hasieratik graduatu izan direnak baino.
12:25
through education
than since the beginning of history.
than since the beginning of history.
264
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2546
Jende gehiago, eta hau da
12:27
More people, and it's the combination
of all the things we've talked about --
of all the things we've talked about --
265
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hitz egin dugun guztiaren konbinazioa --
teknologia eta honen transformazioak duen eragina lanean,
12:31
technology and its transformation
effect on work, and demography
effect on work, and demography
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eta demografiaren hazkunde itzela.
12:34
and the huge explosion in population.
267
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1804
Bapatean, tituluek ez dute baliorik. Ez da horrela?
12:36
Suddenly, degrees aren't worth anything.
268
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Ni ikaslea nintzenean, titulu bat bazenuen, lana zeneukan.
12:39
Isn't that true?
269
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1380
12:40
When I was a student,
if you had a degree, you had a job.
if you had a degree, you had a job.
270
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2753
Lanik ez bazenuen, nahi ez zenuelako izango zen.
12:43
If you didn't have a job,
it's because you didn't want one.
it's because you didn't want one.
271
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Eta nik ez nuen lanik nahi, egia esan. (Barreak)
12:46
And I didn't want one, frankly. (Laughter)
272
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2676
12:49
But now kids with degrees
273
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4074
Baina orain, tituludun gazteak sarritan
12:53
are often heading home
to carry on playing video games,
to carry on playing video games,
274
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3045
beraien etxeetara itzultzen dira, bideo jokoetan jolasten jarraitzeko,
orain masterra behar delako, lehen batxillergoa behar zen lekuan,
12:56
because you need an MA where
the previous job required a BA,
the previous job required a BA,
275
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3198
eta orain doktoregoa behar delako bestearen lekuan.
12:59
and now you need a PhD for the other.
276
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1787
Inflazio akademiko honek
13:01
It's a process of academic inflation.
277
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13:03
And it indicates the whole
structure of education
structure of education
278
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2376
gure azpian hezkuntza egitura guztia kolokan
jartzen du. Era erradikal batean birplanteatu behar dugu
13:05
is shifting beneath our feet.
279
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1433
13:06
We need to radically rethink
our view of intelligence.
our view of intelligence.
280
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2620
inteligentziaz dugun ikuspegia.
Hiru gauza dakizkigu inteligentziari buruz.
13:09
We know three things about intelligence.
281
765501
1995
Lehena, anitza dela. Munduari buruz gogoeta egiteko erak
13:11
One, it's diverse.
282
767520
1227
13:12
We think about the world in all the ways
that we experience it.
that we experience it.
283
768771
3005
bizipenak beste daude. Ikusmenaz egiten dugu gogoeta,
soinuekin, kinestesikoki.
13:15
We think visually, we think in sound,
we think kinesthetically.
we think kinesthetically.
284
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2976
Gauza abstraktuetan pentsatzen dugu, mugimenduetan baita.
13:18
We think in abstract terms,
we think in movement.
we think in movement.
285
774800
2301
Bigarrenez, inteligentzia dinamikoa da.
13:21
Secondly, intelligence is dynamic.
286
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1754
Burmuineko interakzioei begiratuz gero, atzoko
13:23
If you look at the interactions
of a human brain,
of a human brain,
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2389
13:26
as we heard yesterday
from a number of presentations,
from a number of presentations,
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aurkezpenetan ikusi genuen bezala,
13:29
intelligence is wonderfully interactive.
289
785000
1976
inteligentziaren interaktibitate txundigarria da.
13:31
The brain isn't divided into compartments.
290
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2238
Burmuina ez dago konpartimentutan banatuta.
13:33
In fact, creativity --
which I define as the process
which I define as the process
291
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3103
Izatez, sormena -- balioa duten idea originalak
13:37
of having original ideas
that have value --
that have value --
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2325
edukitzearen prozezua --
gauzak ikusteko era ezberdinen interakzioaren emaitza
13:39
more often than not comes about
through the interaction
through the interaction
293
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2652
izaten da gehienetan.
13:42
of different disciplinary
ways of seeing things.
ways of seeing things.
294
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3000
Burmuina apropos da -- hain zuzen,
13:46
By the way, there's a shaft of nerves
that joins the two halves of the brain
that joins the two halves of the brain
295
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3666
burmuinaren bi aldeak batzen dituen nerbio talde bat dago
13:50
called the corpus callosum.
296
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1491
corpus callosum izenekoa. Emakumeetan zabalagoa da.
13:51
It's thicker in women.
297
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1266
Helenek atzo esandakoari jarraikiz, uste dut
13:53
Following off from Helen yesterday,
298
809088
1741
honexegaitik direla hobeak emakumeak gauza bat baino gehiago
13:54
this is probably why women
are better at multi-tasking.
are better at multi-tasking.
299
810853
3123
13:58
Because you are, aren't you?
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1817
egiten aldi berean, ez da egia?
13:59
There's a raft of research,
but I know it from my personal life.
but I know it from my personal life.
301
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3207
Asko aztertu da honen gainean, baina nik nire bizitza pertsonaletik ezagutzen dut.
Nire emaztea sukaldean badabil zerbait prestatzen --
14:03
If my wife is cooking a meal at home --
which is not often, thankfully.
which is not often, thankfully.
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5238
zorionez ez da sarritan gertzatzen. (Barreak)
14:09
(Laughter)
303
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2854
Baina sukaldean badabil -- ez, gauza batzutan ona da --
14:11
No, she's good at some things,
but if she's cooking,
but if she's cooking,
304
827878
2498
baina zerbait prestatzen badabil,
eta norbaitekin telefonotik hizketan,
14:14
she's dealing with people on the phone,
305
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1876
umeekin hizketan, sabaia pintatzen,
14:16
she's talking to the kids,
she's painting the ceiling,
she's painting the ceiling,
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2556
14:18
she's doing open-heart surgery over here.
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3096
bihotzeko kirurgiaren bat burutzen baita ere.
14:22
If I'm cooking, the door
is shut, the kids are out,
is shut, the kids are out,
308
838000
2976
Ni sukaldean banago, atea itxita dago, umeak kanpoan,
14:25
the phone's on the hook,
if she comes in I get annoyed.
if she comes in I get annoyed.
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841000
2976
telefonoa eskegita eta emaztea sartu ezkero haserretu egiten naiz.
14:28
I say, "Terry, please,
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
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Diot, "Terry mesedez, arrautza bat frijitzen ari naiz. Utzi nazazu bakean." (Barreak)
14:31
(Laughter)
311
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6730
14:38
"Give me a break."
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1200
14:39
(Laughter)
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1720
Benetan, badakizue filosofi galdera zahar hori,
14:41
Actually, do you know
that old philosophical thing,
that old philosophical thing,
314
857222
2499
basoan zuhaitz bat erori ezkero, eta inork entzun ez badu,
14:43
if a tree falls in a forest
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
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3253
benetan gertatu ahal da? Duela gutxi kamiseta
14:47
Remember that old chestnut?
316
863252
1329
14:48
I saw a great t-shirt
recently, which said,
recently, which said,
317
864605
2409
zoragarri bat ikusi nuen, zioen "Gizon batek baso batetan hitz eginez gero
14:51
"If a man speaks his mind
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
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3938
eta ez badago emakumerik entzuteko,
14:55
is he still wrong?"
319
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1396
erratuta al dago oraindik gizona? (Barreak)
14:56
(Laughter)
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5606
15:03
And the third thing about intelligence is,
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2000
Inteligentziari buruzko hirugarren gauza
15:06
it's distinct.
322
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1369
apartekoa dela da. Liburu berri bat ari naiz idazten
15:07
I'm doing a new book at the moment
called "Epiphany,"
called "Epiphany,"
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883754
2573
"Epifania" izenekoa. Elkarrizketa batzuetan oinarrituta,
15:10
which is based on a series
of interviews with people
of interviews with people
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2474
jendeak euren talentua nola aurkitu zuen azaltzen da.
15:12
about how they discovered their talent.
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888849
1920
Liluratuta nago jendeak horra heltzeko bideekin.
15:14
I'm fascinated
by how people got to be there.
by how people got to be there.
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2169
Honek emakume zoragarri batekin izandako
15:16
It's really prompted by a conversation
I had with a wonderful woman
I had with a wonderful woman
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892986
3190
elkarrizketa bat gogorarazten dit, seguruenik
ezezaguna askorentzat, Gillian Lynne izenekoa,
15:20
who maybe most people
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
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2676
ezagutzen duzue? Batzuek bai. Koreografoa da
15:22
Have you heard of her? Some have.
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898900
1630
eta mundu guztiak ezagutzen du bere lana.
15:24
She's a choreographer,
and everybody knows her work.
and everybody knows her work.
330
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2522
"Cats" eta "Operako mamua" egin zituen.
15:27
She did "Cats" and "Phantom of the Opera."
331
903100
2001
Zoragarria da. Ingalaterran, Royal Ballet-eko kontseiluan egoten nintzen
15:29
She's wonderful.
332
905125
978
15:30
I used to be on the board
of The Royal Ballet,
of The Royal Ballet,
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906127
2146
ikusi dezakezuen bezala.
15:32
as you can see.
334
908297
1201
15:33
Anyway, Gillian and I had
lunch one day and I said,
lunch one day and I said,
335
909522
2400
Dena den, Egun baten Gillianekin bazkaldu nuen eta esan nion,
"Gillian, nola heldu zinen dantzari izatera?"
15:36
"How did you get to be a dancer?"
336
912047
1800
15:37
It was interesting.
337
913976
1000
Interesgarria izan zen, eskolan zegoenean,
15:39
When she was at school,
she was really hopeless.
she was really hopeless.
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2350
ez zuen inolako esperantzarik. Eta 30. hamarkadan, eskolak
15:41
And the school, in the '30s,
wrote to her parents and said,
wrote to her parents and said,
339
917374
3602
bere gurasoei idatzi zien esanez, "Uste dugu
15:45
"We think Gillian
has a learning disorder."
has a learning disorder."
340
921000
2000
Gillianek ikasketa desordena duela." Ezin zen zentratu,
asko mugitzen zen. Orain agian hiperaktibitate
15:47
She couldn't concentrate;
she was fidgeting.
she was fidgeting.
341
923024
2142
trastornua zuela esango zuten. Baina 1930 urtea zen,
15:49
I think now they'd say she had ADHD.
Wouldn't you?
Wouldn't you?
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925190
3290
15:52
But this was the 1930s, and ADHD
hadn't been invented at this point.
hadn't been invented at this point.
343
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4059
eta hiperaktibitate trastornua ez zen oraindik asmatu.
Ez zegoen oraindik aukeragai katalogoan (Barreak)
15:56
It wasn't an available condition.
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2389
15:59
(Laughter)
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2737
Ez zekiten hori izan zitekeela.
16:01
People weren't aware they could have that.
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2060
Dena den, espezialista bat ikustera joan zen. Haritzezko hormez inguratua,
16:03
(Laughter)
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2134
16:06
Anyway, she went to see this specialist.
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942003
4278
bere amarekin zegoen bertan,
eskina batetan eserarazi zuten neska,
16:10
So, this oak-paneled room,
and she was there with her mother,
and she was there with her mother,
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946305
3722
20 minutuz, amak espezialistarekin
16:14
and she was led and sat
on this chair at the end,
on this chair at the end,
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2477
hitz egiten zuen bitartean eskolan Gillianek
16:16
and she sat on her hands for 20 minutes
while this man talked to her mother
while this man talked to her mother
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952552
3639
zituen problema guztiei buruz. Beste guztiak gogaitzen zituen,
16:20
about the problems
Gillian was having at school.
Gillian was having at school.
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956215
2328
etxeko lanak beti berandu
16:22
Because she was disturbing people;
her homework was always late; and so on,
her homework was always late; and so on,
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958567
3677
entregatzen zituen, eta horrela, 8 urteko umeak.
Azkenean, medikua Gilliani hurbildu eta
16:26
little kid of eight.
354
962268
1096
16:27
In the end, the doctor
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
355
963388
3055
esan zion, "Gillian,
zure amak esandakoa entzun dut eta
16:30
"I've listened to all these
things your mother's told me,
things your mother's told me,
356
966467
2705
berarekin hitz egin nahiko nuke pribatuan"
16:33
I need to speak to her privately.
357
969196
1619
Esan zion, "Itxaron hemen, laster itzuliko gara."
16:34
Wait here. We'll be back;
we won't be very long,"
we won't be very long,"
358
970839
2376
eta neska bakarrik uzti zuten gelan.
16:37
and they went and left her.
359
973239
2325
Baina gelatik irtetean, mahai gaineko
16:39
But as they went out of the room,
360
975588
1636
irratia piztu zuen. Gelatik kanpo
16:41
he turned on the radio
that was sitting on his desk.
that was sitting on his desk.
361
977248
2500
zeudenean, esan zion amari,
16:44
And when they got out, he said to her
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
362
980342
3430
"Gelditu hemen eta begiratu umeari." Eta gelatik irten eta berehala,
16:48
And the minute they left the room,
363
984000
2991
neskatoa zutik zegoen, musikarekin batera mugitzen.
16:51
she was on her feet, moving to the music.
364
987015
2484
Zenbait minutuz begira geratu ziren
16:53
And they watched for a few minutes
and he turned to her mother and said,
and he turned to her mother and said,
365
989523
3453
eta medikuak orduan amari esan zion,
16:57
"Mrs. Lynne, Gillian
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
366
993000
3976
"Lynne andrea, Gillian ez dago gaixorik, dantzaria da.
17:01
Take her to a dance school."
367
997000
1976
Eraman neska dantza eskola batetara."
17:03
I said, "What happened?"
368
999000
1976
Nik esan nion, "Zer gertatu zen orduan?"
17:05
She said, "She did. I can't tell you
how wonderful it was.
how wonderful it was.
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1001000
2976
Erantzun zidan, "Amak egin zuen. Zoragarria izan zen niretzako.
17:08
We walked in this room
and it was full of people like me.
and it was full of people like me.
370
1004000
2753
Eskola hartatik genbiltzala, ikusi genuen
ni bezalako jendez beteta zegoela. Geldi egoten ez zekitenak.
17:10
People who couldn't sit still.
371
1006777
2199
17:13
People who had to move to think."
Who had to move to think.
Who had to move to think.
372
1009000
4587
Pentsatzeko mugitu beharra zutenak."
Balleta, dit tap, jazz,
17:17
They did ballet, they did tap, jazz;
they did modern; they did contemporary.
they did modern; they did contemporary.
373
1013746
3630
modernoa, dantza garaikidea egin zuten.
Beranduago Royal Ballet School-entzako frogak egin zituen,
17:21
She was eventually auditioned
for the Royal Ballet School;
for the Royal Ballet School;
374
1017400
2820
eta solista bihurtu zuen, eta karrera zoragarria izan zuen.
17:24
she became a soloist; she had
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
375
1020244
3299
Ondoren Royal Ballet School-en
graduatu eta bere konpainia
17:27
She eventually graduated
from the Royal Ballet School,
from the Royal Ballet School,
376
1023567
2608
propioa fundatu zuen -- Gillian Lynne Dance Company --
17:30
founded the Gillian Lynne Dance Company,
377
1026200
1975
eta Andrew Lloyd Weber ezagutu. Historiako musikal
17:32
met Andrew Lloyd Webber.
378
1028200
1243
17:33
She's been responsible for
379
1029568
1409
arrakastatsuenetarikoen arduraduna izan da,
17:35
some of the most successful
musical theater productions in history,
musical theater productions in history,
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1031001
3146
milioika ikusleri plazerra emanez,
17:38
she's given pleasure to millions,
and she's a multi-millionaire.
and she's a multi-millionaire.
381
1034172
3072
17:41
Somebody else might have put her
on medication and told her to calm down.
on medication and told her to calm down.
382
1037269
4070
eta oso aberatsa da. Beste norbaitek
medizinak emango zizkiokeen eta
17:45
(Applause)
383
1041364
6782
lasaitzeko esan.
Orain, uste dut... (Txaloak) Hau da uste dudana:
17:52
What I think it comes to is this:
384
1048575
1601
Bart Al Gorek ekologiari buruz
17:54
Al Gore spoke the other night
385
1050200
1776
17:56
about ecology and the revolution
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
386
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4269
hitz egin zuen, eta Rachel Carsonek hasitako iraultzari buruz.
Uste dut etorkizunerako gure esperantza bakarra
18:01
I believe our only hope for the future
387
1057111
2166
gizakiaren ekologiaren ikuskera berri bat hartzea dela,
18:03
is to adopt a new conception
of human ecology,
of human ecology,
388
1059301
3833
zeinekin giza gaitasunen aberastasuna
18:07
one in which we start
to reconstitute our conception
to reconstitute our conception
389
1063158
2818
18:10
of the richness of human capacity.
390
1066000
1976
beste era batera tratatuko dugun.
18:12
Our education system has mined our minds
391
1068000
3499
Gure hezkuntza sitemak gure burmuinak ustiatu ditu
18:15
in the way that we strip-mine the earth:
for a particular commodity.
for a particular commodity.
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1071523
3276
guk lurra ustiatzen dugun bezala: lehengai partikular baten bila.
Eta etorkizunari begira, honek ez du balioko.
18:19
And for the future, it won't serve us.
393
1075188
2484
Berriz pentsatu behar ditugu funtsezko oinarriak
18:21
We have to rethink
the fundamental principles
the fundamental principles
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2280
18:24
on which we're educating our children.
395
1080000
1968
zeinen gainean gure umeak hezten ditugun.
Jonas Salk-en esaldi bat dago, dioena, "Intsektu guztiak lurretik
18:26
There was a wonderful quote
by Jonas Salk, who said,
by Jonas Salk, who said,
396
1082087
2674
18:28
"If all the insects
were to disappear from the Earth,
were to disappear from the Earth,
397
1084785
5039
desagertuko balira, 50 urtetan
lurreko bizitza guztia bukatu egingo zen.
18:33
within 50 years all life
on Earth would end.
on Earth would end.
398
1089848
2841
Gizaki guztiak lurretik desagertuko balira,
18:37
If all human beings
disappeared from the Earth,
disappeared from the Earth,
399
1093688
3072
50 urtetan bizitza forma guztiak loratu egingo lirateke."
18:40
within 50 years all forms
of life would flourish."
of life would flourish."
400
1096784
2634
Eta arrazoia du.
18:44
And he's right.
401
1100244
1285
TED-ek ospatzen duena gizakiaren imajinazioa da.
18:46
What TED celebrates is the gift
of the human imagination.
of the human imagination.
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3634
Dohain hau jakituriaz erabili behar dugu,
18:50
We have to be careful now
403
1106417
2071
aipatutako eszenario oker batzuk saihestu ahal izateko.
18:52
that we use this gift wisely
404
1108512
2255
18:54
and that we avert some of the scenarios
that we've talked about.
that we've talked about.
405
1110791
3229
Eta hau honela izateko modu bakarra
18:58
And the only way we'll do it is by seeing
our creative capacities
our creative capacities
406
1114044
3932
gure sormen ahalmenak bere aberastasun
19:02
for the richness they are
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1118000
1610
osoan ikustea da eta gure umeak
19:03
and seeing our children
for the hope that they are.
for the hope that they are.
408
1119634
3182
benetan diren esperantza bezala ikustea. Eta gure
19:06
And our task is to educate
their whole being,
their whole being,
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2398
betebeharra umeak osotasuanean heztea da, etorkizunari aurre gin diezaioten.
19:09
so they can face this future.
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1484
Guk, agian, ez dugu etorkizun hori ikusiko,
19:10
By the way -- we may not see this future,
411
1126770
2206
19:13
but they will.
412
1129000
1430
baina beraiek ikusiko dute. Eta gure lana
19:14
And our job is to help them
make something of it.
make something of it.
413
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3079
etorkizun hori zerbaitetan bihurtzen laguntzea da. Eskerrik asko.
19:17
Thank you very much.
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1133557
1000
19:18
(Applause)
415
1134581
3000
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com