TED2006
Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity?
Ken Robinson sier at skoler dreper kreativiteten
Filmed:
Readability: 3.3
64,284,825 views
Sir Ken Robinson slår med en underholdende og dypt rørende historie et slag for dannelsen av et utdanningssystem som gir kreativiteten næring, i stedet for å kvele den.
Ken Robinson - Author/educator
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Creativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:24
Good morning. How are you?
0
0
4678
Morn, hvordan er det med dere? Det har vært topp, ikke sant?
00:28
(Laughter)
1
4702
1210
00:29
It's been great, hasn't it?
2
5936
2313
Jeg har blitt revet med av hele greia.
00:32
I've been blown away by the whole thing.
3
8273
2456
00:34
In fact, I'm leaving.
4
10753
1492
Jeg er i farta nå. (Latter).
00:36
(Laughter)
5
12269
5567
Det er tre tema som har gått igjen
00:42
There have been three themes
running through the conference
running through the conference
6
18015
3207
gjennom hele konferansen, som handler
00:45
which are relevant
to what I want to talk about.
to what I want to talk about.
7
21246
2507
om det jeg vil ta opp her.
00:47
One is the extraordinary
evidence of human creativity
evidence of human creativity
8
23777
4690
Det ene er de usedvanlige eksemplene på menneskelig kreativitet
00:52
in all of the presentations that we've had
9
28491
2413
i alle presentasjoner som vi har hatt
00:54
and in all of the people here.
10
30928
1801
og i alle menneskene her. Bare mangfoldet
00:56
Just the variety of it
and the range of it.
and the range of it.
11
32753
2651
og omfanget av det. Den andre er at
01:00
The second is
that it's put us in a place
that it's put us in a place
12
36158
2143
det har satt oss i en tilstand der vi aner ikke hva som
01:02
where we have no idea
what's going to happen,
what's going to happen,
13
38325
2497
01:04
in terms of the future.
14
40846
1391
kommer til å skje i fremtiden. Ingen anelse
01:06
No idea how this may play out.
15
42261
2715
om hvordan dette kan gå.
01:09
I have an interest in education.
16
45000
1892
Jeg har interesse av utdanning, og det
01:10
Actually, what I find is everybody
has an interest in education.
has an interest in education.
17
46916
4132
tror jeg alle egentlig har.
Har ikke dere? Jeg finner dette svært interessant.
01:15
Don't you?
18
51072
1138
01:16
I find this very interesting.
19
52234
1481
Hvis du er på et middagsselskap, og du forteller
01:17
If you're at a dinner party,
20
53739
1757
01:19
and you say you work in education --
21
55596
2262
at du jobber innen utdanning - vel for å være ærlig, da er du ikke
01:21
Actually, you're not often
at dinner parties, frankly.
at dinner parties, frankly.
22
57882
2964
ofte på middagsselskap, hvis du arbeider i utdanningssystemet..
01:24
(Laughter)
23
60870
3796
01:28
If you work in education,
you're not asked.
you're not asked.
24
64690
2428
(Latter). Du blir ikke bedt
01:31
(Laughter)
25
67142
3091
Og du blir aldri bedt på nytt - pussig. Jeg syns det er rart.
01:34
And you're never asked back, curiously.
That's strange to me.
That's strange to me.
26
70257
3719
01:38
But if you are, and you say to somebody,
27
74000
2475
Men hvis du altså er.., og du sier til noen,
du vet, de sier, "Hva gjør du?"
01:40
you know, they say, "What do you do?"
28
76499
1777
og du sier du jobber i utdanning,
01:42
and you say you work in education,
29
78300
1676
01:44
you can see the blood run from their face.
30
80000
2076
så kan du se at de blir hvite i ansiktet.
01:46
They're like, "Oh my God,"
you know, "Why me?"
you know, "Why me?"
31
82100
2280
"Å Herre Gud, hvorfor meg? Ukas frikveld er spolert!" (Latter)
01:48
(Laughter)
32
84404
1637
01:50
"My one night out all week."
33
86065
1623
01:51
(Laughter)
34
87712
2610
Men hvis du spør hvilken utdanning de har,
01:54
But if you ask about their education,
they pin you to the wall.
they pin you to the wall.
35
90346
3241
stiller de deg til veggs. Fordi det er noe av det
01:57
Because it's one of those things
that goes deep with people, am I right?
that goes deep with people, am I right?
36
93611
3467
som stikker dypt i folk, ikke sant?
I likhet med religion, penger og andre ting.
02:01
Like religion, and money and other things.
37
97194
3341
Jeg har stor interesse for utdanning, og det tror jeg alle har.
02:04
So I have a big interest in education,
and I think we all do.
and I think we all do.
38
100559
4352
Vi har en grunnleggende interesse for det,
02:08
We have a huge vested interest in it,
39
104935
1892
dels fordi det er utdanning som liksom skal
02:10
partly because it's education
that's meant to take us into this future
that's meant to take us into this future
40
106851
3320
hjelpe oss inn i den skumle fremtida.
02:14
that we can't grasp.
41
110195
1519
02:15
If you think of it,
children starting school this year
children starting school this year
42
111873
3499
Tenk på at barn som begynner på skolen i år
skal pensjonere seg i 2065. Ingen har peiling -
02:19
will be retiring in 2065.
43
115396
3524
02:24
Nobody has a clue,
44
120209
1634
på tross av all den kompetanse som er vist her de siste fire dagene -
02:25
despite all the expertise that's been
on parade for the past four days,
on parade for the past four days,
45
121867
3444
hvordan verden vil se ut
02:29
what the world will look like
in five years' time.
in five years' time.
46
125450
2526
om fem år. Og likevel forventes de at vi
02:32
And yet we're meant
to be educating them for it.
to be educating them for it.
47
128000
2294
skal utdanne dem for det. Så uforutsigbarheten, tror jeg,
02:34
So the unpredictability,
I think, is extraordinary.
I think, is extraordinary.
48
130318
2550
er helt spesiell.
02:36
And the third part of this
49
132892
1367
Og den tredje biten av dette er at
02:38
is that we've all agreed, nonetheless,
50
134283
2037
vi alle uansett er enige om
02:40
on the really extraordinary
capacities that children have --
capacities that children have --
51
136344
5305
hvilke spesielle anlegg barn har -
02:45
their capacities for innovation.
52
141673
2334
deres evne til innovasjon. Ta Sirena, som vi så i går kveld.
02:48
I mean, Sirena last night
was a marvel, wasn't she?
was a marvel, wasn't she?
53
144031
2511
Hun var et vidunder, ikke sant? Bare det å se hva hun kunne gjøre.
02:50
Just seeing what she could do.
54
146566
1610
Og hun er eksepsjonell, men jeg tror ikke hun er
02:52
And she's exceptional, but I think
she's not, so to speak,
she's not, so to speak,
55
148200
4776
02:57
exceptional in the whole of childhood.
56
153000
3956
enestående, så og si, i hele barnegruppen.
Sirena er en person med et usedvanlig engasjement
03:00
What you have there is a person
of extraordinary dedication
of extraordinary dedication
57
156980
2796
som fant et talent. Og min påstand er:
03:03
who found a talent.
58
159800
1267
alle barn har enorme evner.
03:05
And my contention is,
all kids have tremendous talents.
all kids have tremendous talents.
59
161091
2609
Og vi sløser dem bort, temmelig hensynsløst.
03:07
And we squander them, pretty ruthlessly.
60
163800
1976
Så jeg vil snakke om utdanning og
03:09
So I want to talk about education
61
165800
2176
03:12
and I want to talk about creativity.
62
168000
1872
jeg vil snakke om kreativitet.
03:13
My contention is that creativity now
is as important in education as literacy,
is as important in education as literacy,
63
169896
6019
kreativitet nå er like viktig i utdanningen som leseferdighet,
og vi bør derfor behandle den med samme status.
03:19
and we should treat it
with the same status.
with the same status.
64
175939
2864
(Applaus). Takk. Det var alt.
03:22
(Applause) Thank you.
65
178827
1971
03:24
(Applause)
66
180822
4345
03:29
That was it, by the way.
67
185485
1259
Mange takk. (Latter). Okay, det er 15 minutter igjen..
03:30
Thank you very much.
68
186768
1003
03:31
(Laughter)
69
187795
2115
03:33
So, 15 minutes left.
70
189934
1677
Vel, jeg ble født - nei. (Latter).
03:35
(Laughter)
71
191635
2936
03:38
Well, I was born... no.
72
194595
1892
03:40
(Laughter)
73
196511
3032
Jeg hørte en fin historie nylig - Jeg elsker å fortelle den --
03:43
I heard a great story recently
-- I love telling it --
-- I love telling it --
74
199567
2745
om en liten jente som var på en tegnetime. Hun var seks år
03:46
of a little girl
who was in a drawing lesson.
who was in a drawing lesson.
75
202336
2715
og hun satt langt bak og tegnet.
03:49
She was six, and she was
at the back, drawing,
at the back, drawing,
76
205075
2135
Læreren sa at denne lille jenta nesten aldri
03:51
and the teacher said this girl
hardly ever paid attention,
hardly ever paid attention,
77
207234
2800
hørte etter, men i tegnetimen gjorde hun det.
03:54
and in this drawing lesson, she did.
78
210058
1786
03:55
The teacher was fascinated.
79
211868
1340
Læreren var fascinert og hun gikk bort til henne
03:57
She went over to her,
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
and she said, "What are you drawing?"
80
213232
2762
og sa: "Hva er det du tegner?"
04:00
And the girl said, "I'm
drawing a picture of God."
drawing a picture of God."
81
216018
2491
Og jenta sa: "Jeg tegner et bilde av Gud."
04:03
And the teacher said, "But nobody
knows what God looks like."
knows what God looks like."
82
219642
3318
Og læreren sa, "Men ingen vet hvordan Gud ser ut."
04:06
And the girl said,
"They will, in a minute."
"They will, in a minute."
83
222984
2088
Og jenta sa: "Det vil de vil om et øyeblikk."
04:09
(Laughter)
84
225096
6782
(Latter).
Da sønnen min var fire i England --
04:20
When my son was four in England --
85
236662
2267
faktisk var han fire overalt, for å være ærlig. (Latter).
04:23
Actually, he was four
everywhere, to be honest.
everywhere, to be honest.
86
239413
2191
Skal vi være nøye, var han vel fire uansett hvor han dro det året.
04:25
(Laughter)
87
241628
1667
04:27
If we're being strict about it,
wherever he went, he was four that year.
wherever he went, he was four that year.
88
243404
3387
Han var med i et julespill.
04:30
He was in the Nativity play.
Do you remember the story?
Do you remember the story?
89
246815
2638
Kjenner dere historien? Nei, det var svært.
04:33
(Laughter)
90
249477
1219
04:34
No, it was big, it was a big story.
91
250720
1827
Det var en stor story. Mel Gibson gjorde oppfølgeren.
04:36
Mel Gibson did the sequel,
you may have seen it.
you may have seen it.
92
252571
2305
Du har kanskje sett den: "Julespill II." Men James skulle spille Josef,
04:38
(Laughter)
93
254900
1261
04:40
"Nativity II."
94
256185
1310
04:41
But James got the part of Joseph,
which we were thrilled about.
which we were thrilled about.
95
257519
4135
og det var vi begeistret for.
04:45
We considered this to be
one of the lead parts.
one of the lead parts.
96
261678
2537
Vi betraktet dette som en av hovedrollene.
Vi hadde hadde huset fullt av agenter i T-skjorter:
04:48
We had the place crammed
full of agents in T-shirts:
full of agents in T-shirts:
97
264239
2477
"James Robinson ER Josef!" (Latter).
04:50
"James Robinson IS Joseph!" (Laughter)
98
266740
2236
04:53
He didn't have to speak,
99
269000
1607
Han trengte ikke å si noe, men dere kjenner scenen
04:54
but you know the bit
where the three kings come in?
where the three kings come in?
100
270631
2438
der de tre konger kommer. De kommer bærende med gaver
04:57
They come in bearing gifts,
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
gold, frankincense and myrrh.
101
273093
2731
og de gir gull, røkelse og myrra.
04:59
This really happened.
102
275848
1114
Dette skjedde virkelig. Vi satt der
05:00
We were sitting there and I think
they just went out of sequence,
they just went out of sequence,
103
276986
3090
og jeg tror de bare kom ut av rekkefølgen,
fordi vi snakket med den lille gutten etterpå, og sa,
05:04
because we talked to the little boy
afterward and we said,
afterward and we said,
104
280100
2776
"Var du fornøyd med det?" Og han sa: "Ja, hvorfor, var det noe galt?"
05:06
"You OK with that?" And he said,
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
"Yeah, why? Was that wrong?"
105
282900
2876
De bare byttet, det var det.
05:09
They just switched.
106
285800
1076
Uansett, de tre guttene kom inn,
05:10
The three boys came in,
107
286900
1176
fire-åringer med kjøkkenhåndklær på hodet,
05:12
four-year-olds with tea towels
on their heads,
on their heads,
108
288100
2187
og de legger disse pakkene på golvet,
05:14
and they put these boxes down,
109
290311
1491
05:15
and the first boy said,
"I bring you gold."
"I bring you gold."
110
291826
2049
og den første gutten sa, "jeg gi deg gull."
05:17
And the second boy said,
"I bring you myrrh."
"I bring you myrrh."
111
293899
2138
Og den andre gutten sa: "Jeg gir deg myrra."
05:20
And the third boy said, "Frank sent this."
112
296061
2004
Og den tredje gutten sa, "Frank sendt dette." (Latter).
05:22
(Laughter)
113
298089
2900
05:34
What these things have in common
is that kids will take a chance.
is that kids will take a chance.
114
310711
3090
Det disse sakene har til felles er at barna bare tar en sjanse.
Hvis de ikke vet, tar de bare en sjanse.
05:37
If they don't know, they'll have a go.
115
313825
2608
Har jeg ikke rett? De er ikke redde for å ta feil.
05:40
Am I right? They're not
frightened of being wrong.
frightened of being wrong.
116
316457
3537
Nå vil jeg ikke si at det å ta feil er det samme som å være kreativ.
05:44
I don't mean to say that being wrong
is the same thing as being creative.
is the same thing as being creative.
117
320893
3507
Men det vi vet er
05:48
What we do know is,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
if you're not prepared to be wrong,
118
324886
3090
at hvis du ikke er forberedt på å ta feil,
05:52
you'll never come up
with anything original --
with anything original --
119
328000
2367
vil du aldri komme opp med noe originalt.
05:54
if you're not prepared to be wrong.
120
330391
2085
Hvis du ikke er forberedt på å ta feil. Og når de vel har blitt voksne,
05:56
And by the time they get to be adults,
most kids have lost that capacity.
most kids have lost that capacity.
121
332877
4133
har de fleste barn har mistet den evnen.
De har blitt redde for å ta feil.
06:01
They have become
frightened of being wrong.
frightened of being wrong.
122
337406
2520
Vi driver bedrifter på denne måten, forresten.
06:03
And we run our companies like this.
123
339950
1690
Vi stigmatisere de som tar feil. Og vi nå driver vi
06:05
We stigmatize mistakes.
124
341664
1652
06:07
And we're now running
national education systems
national education systems
125
343340
2302
nasjonale utdanningssystemer der
06:09
where mistakes are the worst
thing you can make.
thing you can make.
126
345666
2346
det å ta feil er det verste du kan gjøre.
06:12
And the result is that
we are educating people
we are educating people
127
348700
3208
Og resultatet er at vi utdanner folk ut av
06:15
out of their creative capacities.
128
351932
2291
deres kreative kapasitet. Picasso sa en gang dette:
06:18
Picasso once said this, he said
that all children are born artists.
that all children are born artists.
129
354247
4478
Alle barn er født som kunstnere.
06:22
The problem is to remain an artist
as we grow up.
as we grow up.
130
358749
3222
Problemet er å forbli kunstnere når vi vokser opp. Jeg er helt sikker:
06:25
I believe this passionately,
that we don't grow into creativity,
that we don't grow into creativity,
131
361995
3081
vi vokser ikke til til kreativitet,
vi vokser ut av kreativitet. Eller rettere sagt, vi dannes ut av det.
06:29
we grow out of it.
132
365100
1856
06:30
Or rather, we get educated out if it.
133
366980
1883
Så hvorfor er det slik?
06:33
So why is this?
134
369247
1473
Jeg bodde i Stratford-on-Avon til for fem år siden.
06:34
I lived in Stratford-on-Avon
until about five years ago.
until about five years ago.
135
370826
4081
Vi flyttet fra Stratford til Los Angeles.
06:38
In fact, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
from Stratford to Los Angeles.
136
374931
2253
Så du kan forestille deg hvilken sømløs overgang det var.
06:41
So you can imagine
what a seamless transition that was.
what a seamless transition that was.
137
377872
2664
(Latter). Faktisk,
06:44
(Laughter)
138
380560
1416
06:46
Actually, we lived in a place
called Snitterfield,
called Snitterfield,
139
382000
2376
bodde vi på et sted kalt Snitterfield,
like utenfor Stratford, som er der
06:48
just outside Stratford,
140
384400
1251
06:49
which is where
Shakespeare's father was born.
Shakespeare's father was born.
141
385675
2161
Shakespeare's far var født. Ble dere truffet av en ny tanke? Det ble jeg.
06:52
Are you struck by a new thought? I was.
142
388082
2375
06:54
You don't think of Shakespeare
having a father, do you?
having a father, do you?
143
390481
2595
Man tenker ikke på at Shakespeare har en far, gjør man?
Gjør dere? Fordi dere tenker ikke på
06:57
Do you? Because you don't think
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
of Shakespeare being a child, do you?
144
393100
3876
Shakespeare som et barn, gjør dere?
07:01
Shakespeare being seven?
145
397000
1567
Shakespeare som syv? Jeg har aldri tenkt på det. Han var jo
07:02
I never thought of it.
146
398591
1249
07:03
I mean, he was seven at some point.
147
399864
1684
syv på et visst tidspunkt. Han var i
07:05
He was in somebody's
English class, wasn't he?
English class, wasn't he?
148
401572
2310
noens engelskklasse, ikke sant? Hvor irriterende ville ikke det vært?
07:07
(Laughter)
149
403906
6787
07:14
How annoying would that be?
150
410717
1329
(Latter). "Må jobbe hardere." Sendes til sengs av sin far, ikke sant,
07:16
(Laughter)
151
412070
3000
07:23
"Must try harder."
152
419729
1035
07:24
(Laughter)
153
420788
3900
07:28
Being sent to bed by his dad, you know,
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
to Shakespeare, "Go to bed, now!
154
424712
3464
Mr. Shakespeare, "Gå til sengs, nå",
til William Shakespeare, "og legg ned blyanten.
07:32
And put the pencil down."
155
428200
2428
Og slutt å snakke sånn. Det forvirrer alle sammen."
07:34
(Laughter)
156
430652
1074
07:35
"And stop speaking like that."
157
431750
1555
07:37
(Laughter)
158
433329
3891
07:41
"It's confusing everybody."
159
437244
1324
(Latter).
07:42
(Laughter)
160
438592
5123
Uansett, vi flyttet fra Stratford til Los Angeles,
07:47
Anyway, we moved
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
from Stratford to Los Angeles,
161
443739
5338
og jeg vil bare si to ord om overgangen,
07:53
and I just want to say a word
about the transition.
about the transition.
162
449101
2441
Min sønn ville ikke bli med.
07:55
My son didn't want to come.
163
451566
1410
07:57
I've got two kids;
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
he's 21 now, my daughter's 16.
164
453000
2976
Jeg har to barn. Han er 21 nå, min datter er 16.
08:00
He didn't want to come to Los Angeles.
165
456000
2044
Han ønsket ikke å bli med til Los Angeles. Han elsket byen,
men han hadde en kjæreste i England. Det var hans livs kjærlighet, Sarah.
08:02
He loved it, but he had
a girlfriend in England.
a girlfriend in England.
166
458068
2956
08:05
This was the love of his life, Sarah.
167
461048
3603
Han hadde kjent henne i en måned.
08:08
He'd known her for a month.
168
464761
1375
Tenk på det, de hadde hatt sitt fjerde jubileum,
08:10
(Laughter)
169
466160
1350
08:11
Mind you, they'd had
their fourth anniversary,
their fourth anniversary,
170
467534
2256
fordi det er en lang tid når du er 16.
08:13
because it's a long time when you're 16.
171
469814
2939
Uansett, han var skikkelig lei seg på flyet,
08:16
He was really upset on the plane,
172
472777
1661
og han sa: "Jeg vil aldri finne en annen jente som Sarah."
08:18
he said, "I'll never find
another girl like Sarah."
another girl like Sarah."
173
474462
2461
Og det var vi ganske fornøyd med, for å være ærlig,
08:20
And we were rather pleased
about that, frankly --
about that, frankly --
174
476947
2378
fordi hun var den viktigste grunnen til at vi forlot landet.
08:23
(Laughter)
175
479349
2900
08:31
Because she was the main reason
we were leaving the country.
we were leaving the country.
176
487395
2881
(Latter).
08:34
(Laughter)
177
490300
3000
Men noe slår deg når du flytter til Amerika
og når du reiser rundt i verden:
08:40
But something strikes you
when you move to America
when you move to America
178
496059
2342
hvert utdanningssystem på jorda har samme hierarki av fag.
08:42
and travel around the world:
179
498425
1366
08:43
Every education system on Earth
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
has the same hierarchy of subjects.
180
499815
3378
Alle land. Spiller ingen rolle hvor du reiser.
08:47
Every one. Doesn't matter where you go.
181
503537
1955
Man skulle ikke tro det, men slik er det.
08:49
You'd think it would be
otherwise, but it isn't.
otherwise, but it isn't.
182
505516
2270
På toppen er matematikk og språk,
08:51
At the top are mathematics and languages,
183
507810
1966
deretter humaniora, og nederst er kunsten.
08:53
then the humanities,
and at the bottom are the arts.
and at the bottom are the arts.
184
509800
2434
Overalt på jorden.
08:56
Everywhere on Earth.
185
512258
1118
Og innenfor hvert system er det også,
08:57
And in pretty much every system too,
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
there's a hierarchy within the arts.
186
513400
4095
et hierarki innenfor kunstfag.
09:01
Art and music are normally
given a higher status in schools
given a higher status in schools
187
517519
2857
Kunst og musikk blir normalt gitt en høyere status i skolen
enn dans og drama. Det er ikke et utdanningssystem på planeten
09:04
than drama and dance.
188
520400
1167
09:05
There isn't an education
system on the planet
system on the planet
189
521591
2256
som hver dag underviser barn i dans
09:07
that teaches dance everyday to children
190
523871
2058
på samme måte som vi lærer dem matte. Hvorfor?
09:09
the way we teach them mathematics. Why?
191
525953
2047
Hvorfor ikke? Jeg tror dette er ganske viktig.
09:12
Why not? I think this is rather important.
192
528524
2701
Jeg synes matematikk er svært viktig, men det er dans også.
09:15
I think math is very
important, but so is dance.
important, but so is dance.
193
531249
2303
Barn danser hele tiden hvis de får lov, det gjør vi alle.
09:17
Children dance all the time
if they're allowed to, we all do.
if they're allowed to, we all do.
194
533576
2900
Vi har alle en kropp, ikke sant? Er det noe jeg ikke har fått med meg?
09:20
We all have bodies, don't we?
Did I miss a meeting?
Did I miss a meeting?
195
536500
2476
09:23
(Laughter)
196
539000
3338
(Latter). Altså, det som skjer,
09:26
Truthfully, what happens is,
as children grow up,
as children grow up,
197
542510
2335
når barn vokser opp, så begynner vi å utdanne dem
09:28
we start to educate them progressively
from the waist up.
from the waist up.
198
544869
2768
gradvis fra livet og opp. Og så vi fokuserer på hodet.
09:31
And then we focus on their heads.
199
547661
1625
Og litt til den ene siden.
09:33
And slightly to one side.
200
549310
1490
Hvis dere kom til jorda fra en annen verden,
09:35
If you were to visit
education, as an alien,
education, as an alien,
201
551319
2657
09:38
and say "What's it for, public education?"
202
554000
2976
og lurte: "Hva er egentlig offentlig skole?"
09:41
I think you'd have to conclude,
if you look at the output,
if you look at the output,
203
557000
2776
Da tror jeg dere måtte konkludere med - hvis dere ser på resultatet,
hvem som virkelig lykkes med dette,
09:43
who really succeeds by this,
204
559800
1376
som gjør alt som de burde,
09:45
who does everything that they should,
205
561200
1776
09:47
who gets all the brownie
points, who are the winners --
points, who are the winners --
206
563000
2731
som får alle gullstjernene, som er vinnerne --
09:49
I think you'd have to conclude
the whole purpose of public education
the whole purpose of public education
207
565755
3339
Jeg tror dere må konkludere med at hele vitsen med offentlig utdanning
throughout the world
09:53
throughout the world
208
569118
1097
er å produsere universitetetsprofessorer. Er det ikke?
09:54
is to produce university professors.
209
570239
1953
09:56
Isn't it?
210
572216
1311
09:57
They're the people who come out the top.
211
573551
1983
Det er de som alltid kommer ut øverst.
09:59
And I used to be one, so there.
212
575558
2179
Og jeg var en slik en, så det så. (Latter).
10:01
(Laughter)
213
577761
2636
Og jeg liker universitetetsprofessorer, men dere vet,
10:04
And I like university
professors, but you know,
professors, but you know,
214
580421
3101
10:07
we shouldn't hold them up
215
583546
1475
vi bør ikke holde dem opp som målestokken for all menneskelig prestasjon.
10:09
as the high-water mark
of all human achievement.
of all human achievement.
216
585045
2931
10:12
They're just a form of life,
217
588000
1976
De er bare en form for liv -
10:14
another form of life.
218
590000
1560
en annen form for liv. Men de er ganske nysgjerrige,
10:15
But they're rather curious, and I say this
out of affection for them.
out of affection for them.
219
591584
3298
og jeg sier dette av kjærlighet for dem.
Det er noe rart med professorer slik jeg kjenner dem --
10:18
There's something curious
about professors in my experience --
about professors in my experience --
220
594906
2970
ikke alle, men vanligvis - de bor i sine hoder.
10:21
not all of them, but typically,
they live in their heads.
they live in their heads.
221
597900
2676
De bor der oppe, og litt til den ene siden.
10:24
They live up there,
and slightly to one side.
and slightly to one side.
222
600600
2143
De er uten kropp, du vet, på en slags bokstavelig måte.
10:27
They're disembodied, you know,
in a kind of literal way.
in a kind of literal way.
223
603495
3374
De ser på kroppen sin
10:30
They look upon their body as a form
of transport for their heads.
of transport for their heads.
224
606893
3093
som en slags hodetransportør, ikke sant?
10:34
(Laughter)
225
610010
6166
10:40
Don't they?
226
616200
1016
(Latter). Det er en måte å få hodene sine til møter.
10:41
It's a way of getting
their head to meetings.
their head to meetings.
227
617240
2222
10:43
(Laughter)
228
619486
5512
Forresten, hvis dere vil ha et ekte bevis på ut-av-kroppen opplevelser,
10:49
If you want real evidence
of out-of-body experiences,
of out-of-body experiences,
229
625022
3830
dra på en fleredagers konferanse
10:52
get yourself along to a residential
conference of senior academics,
conference of senior academics,
230
628876
3486
med senior akademikere,
og stikk innom diskoteket den siste kvelden.
10:56
and pop into the discotheque
on the final night.
on the final night.
231
632386
2243
10:58
(Laughter)
232
634653
2801
(Latter). Og der vil du se dem, voksne menn og kvinner
11:01
And there, you will see it.
233
637478
1356
11:02
Grown men and women
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
writhing uncontrollably, off the beat.
234
638858
4118
vrikkende ukontrollert, i utakt,
11:07
(Laughter)
235
643000
2867
mens de venter på at det slutter, slik at de kan gå hjem og skrive en artikkel om det.
11:09
Waiting until it ends so they can
go home and write a paper about it.
go home and write a paper about it.
236
645891
3325
Nå er utdanningssystemet vårt tuftet på ideen om akademisk evne.
11:13
(Laughter)
237
649240
1904
11:15
Our education system is predicated
on the idea of academic ability.
on the idea of academic ability.
238
651168
3843
Og det er en grunn.
11:19
And there's a reason.
239
655035
1241
Hele systemet ble oppfunnet. Rundt om i verden var det
11:20
Around the world, there were
no public systems of education,
no public systems of education,
240
656300
3556
ingen offentlige systemer for utdanning, egentlig, før det 19. århundre.
11:23
really, before the 19th century.
241
659880
2106
Alle ble laget for
11:26
They all came into being
to meet the needs of industrialism.
to meet the needs of industrialism.
242
662010
2957
å møte behovene til industrialismen.
Så hierarkiet i skolen er forankret på to ideer.
11:29
So the hierarchy is rooted on two ideas.
243
665269
2163
Nummer én: de nyttigste fagene for arbeidslivet er
11:31
Number one, that the most useful
subjects for work are at the top.
subjects for work are at the top.
244
667456
4597
på toppen. Så dere ble trolig behendig styrt unna
11:36
So you were
probably steered benignly away
probably steered benignly away
245
672077
2031
ting på skolen da dere var barn, fag som dere likte.
11:38
from things at school when you
were a kid, things you liked,
were a kid, things you liked,
246
674132
2934
Bare fordi dere aldri ville
få en jobb gjennom å gjøre det. Ikke sant?
11:41
on the grounds that you would
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
never get a job doing that. Is that right?
247
677090
3386
Ikke ta musikk, dere ikke kommer til å bli en musikere;
11:44
Don't do music, you're not
going to be a musician;
going to be a musician;
248
680500
2381
ikke bry dere om kunst, dere blir ikke artister.
11:46
don't do art, you won't be an artist.
249
682905
1801
11:48
Benign advice -- now, profoundly mistaken.
250
684730
3420
Vennlige råd - men nå: svært feilaktig. Hele verden
11:52
The whole world
is engulfed in a revolution.
is engulfed in a revolution.
251
688174
2145
er midt oppe i en revolusjon.
Og den andre er akademisk evne, som virkelig har fått dominere
11:54
And the second is academic ability,
252
690343
2097
11:56
which has really come to dominate
our view of intelligence,
our view of intelligence,
253
692464
2885
vår oppfatning av intelligens,
fordi universitetene utviklet systemet i sitt bilde.
11:59
because the universities designed
the system in their image.
the system in their image.
254
695373
2903
Hvis dere tenker på det, er hele det offentlige utdanningssystemet
12:02
If you think of it, the whole system
of public education around the world
of public education around the world
255
698300
3494
rundt om i verden en langdryg affære
av universitetsopptak.
12:05
is a protracted process
of university entrance.
of university entrance.
256
701818
2226
Og konsekvensen er at mange svært talentfulle,
12:08
And the consequence
is that many highly-talented,
is that many highly-talented,
257
704068
2333
geniale, kreative mennesker tror at det er nettopp det de ikke er,
12:10
brilliant, creative
people think they're not,
people think they're not,
258
706425
2435
fordi ting de var gode i på skolen
12:12
because the thing
they were good at at school
they were good at at school
259
708884
2138
ikke ble verdsatt, eller faktisk ble stigmatisert.
12:15
wasn't valued,
or was actually stigmatized.
or was actually stigmatized.
260
711046
2108
12:17
And I think we can't afford
to go on that way.
to go on that way.
261
713383
2296
Og jeg tror vi har ikke råd til å fortsette på den måten.
12:19
In the next 30 years, according to UNESCO,
262
715703
2464
I de neste 30 årene, ifølge UNESCO,
vil flere mennesker verden over få
12:22
more people worldwide will be graduating
263
718191
2810
sin utdannelse enn siden begynnelsen av historien.
12:25
through education
than since the beginning of history.
than since the beginning of history.
264
721025
2546
Flere folk, og det er kombinasjonen
12:27
More people, and it's the combination
of all the things we've talked about --
of all the things we've talked about --
265
723595
3681
av alle de tingene vi har snakket om --
teknologi og hvordan den endrer jobbene, og demografi
12:31
technology and its transformation
effect on work, and demography
effect on work, and demography
266
727300
3048
og den enorme befolkningseksplosjonen.
12:34
and the huge explosion in population.
267
730372
1804
Plutselig, er ikke eksamener verdt noe. Er ikke det sant da?
12:36
Suddenly, degrees aren't worth anything.
268
732200
2865
Da jeg var student, hadde man jobb hvis man hadde eksamen.
12:39
Isn't that true?
269
735089
1380
12:40
When I was a student,
if you had a degree, you had a job.
if you had a degree, you had a job.
270
736723
2753
Hvis man ikke hadde jobb var det fordi man ikke vil ha en.
12:43
If you didn't have a job,
it's because you didn't want one.
it's because you didn't want one.
271
739500
2776
Og jeg ville ikke vil ha en, for å være ærlig. (Latter).
12:46
And I didn't want one, frankly. (Laughter)
272
742300
2676
12:49
But now kids with degrees
273
745000
4074
Men nå fortsetter ungdom med gode eksamener å bo hjemme
12:53
are often heading home
to carry on playing video games,
to carry on playing video games,
274
749098
3045
og fortsetter å spille videospill,
fordi nå trenger de en mastergrad der den forrige jobben krevde en bachelorgrad,
12:56
because you need an MA where
the previous job required a BA,
the previous job required a BA,
275
752167
3198
og nå må de ha en doktorgrad for å få andre jobber.
12:59
and now you need a PhD for the other.
276
755389
1787
Det er en prosess med akademisk inflasjon.
13:01
It's a process of academic inflation.
277
757200
1776
13:03
And it indicates the whole
structure of education
structure of education
278
759000
2376
Og det viser at hele utdanningsstrukturen
endrer seg under våre føtter. Vi må revurdere
13:05
is shifting beneath our feet.
279
761400
1433
13:06
We need to radically rethink
our view of intelligence.
our view of intelligence.
280
762857
2620
vår oppfatning av intelligens radikalt.
Vi vet tre ting om intelligens.
13:09
We know three things about intelligence.
281
765501
1995
En, den er mangfoldig. Vi tenker om verden på alle måter
13:11
One, it's diverse.
282
767520
1227
13:12
We think about the world in all the ways
that we experience it.
that we experience it.
283
768771
3005
vi opplever den. Vi tenker visuelt,
vi tenker i lyd, vi tenker med kroppen.
13:15
We think visually, we think in sound,
we think kinesthetically.
we think kinesthetically.
284
771800
2976
Vi tenker i abstrakte begreper, vi tenker i bevegelse.
13:18
We think in abstract terms,
we think in movement.
we think in movement.
285
774800
2301
Dernest, intelligens er dynamisk.
13:21
Secondly, intelligence is dynamic.
286
777246
1754
Hvis dere ser på det som skjer i en menneskelig hjerne, som vi hørte
13:23
If you look at the interactions
of a human brain,
of a human brain,
287
779587
2389
13:26
as we heard yesterday
from a number of presentations,
from a number of presentations,
288
782000
2976
i går i en rekke presentasjoner,
13:29
intelligence is wonderfully interactive.
289
785000
1976
er intelligens fantastisk interaktiv.
13:31
The brain isn't divided into compartments.
290
787000
2238
Hjernen er ikke inndelt i avdelinger.
13:33
In fact, creativity --
which I define as the process
which I define as the process
291
789873
3103
Faktisk er kreativitet -- som jeg definerer som den prosessen
13:37
of having original ideas
that have value --
that have value --
292
793000
2325
å ha originale ideer som har verdi --
slik at den oftest viser seg gjennom samhandling
13:39
more often than not comes about
through the interaction
through the interaction
293
795349
2652
av ulike fagdisiplinære måter å se ting på.
13:42
of different disciplinary
ways of seeing things.
ways of seeing things.
294
798025
3000
Hjernen er med hensikt -- Forresten
13:46
By the way, there's a shaft of nerves
that joins the two halves of the brain
that joins the two halves of the brain
295
802310
3666
det er en nervebunt som deltar sammen med de to halvdelene av
13:50
called the corpus callosum.
296
806000
1491
hjernen som kalles Corpus callosum. Den er tykkere hos kvinner.
13:51
It's thicker in women.
297
807515
1266
For å ta opp tråden fra Helene i går, tror jeg
13:53
Following off from Helen yesterday,
298
809088
1741
dette sannsynligvis er grunnen til at kvinner er flinkere til multi-tasking.
13:54
this is probably why women
are better at multi-tasking.
are better at multi-tasking.
299
810853
3123
13:58
Because you are, aren't you?
300
814000
1817
Fordi dere er det, ikke sant?
13:59
There's a raft of research,
but I know it from my personal life.
but I know it from my personal life.
301
815841
3207
Det finnes en mengde forskning, men jeg vet det fra mitt eget liv.
Hvis min kone laget et måltid hjemme --
14:03
If my wife is cooking a meal at home --
which is not often, thankfully.
which is not often, thankfully.
302
819738
5238
som er ikke ofte, heldigvis. (Latter).
14:09
(Laughter)
303
825000
2854
Men dere vet, hun - nei, hun er god på noen ting -
14:11
No, she's good at some things,
but if she's cooking,
but if she's cooking,
304
827878
2498
men hvis hun lager mat,
snakker hun samtidig i telefonen,
14:14
she's dealing with people on the phone,
305
830400
1876
hun snakker med barna, hun maler taket,
14:16
she's talking to the kids,
she's painting the ceiling,
she's painting the ceiling,
306
832300
2556
14:18
she's doing open-heart surgery over here.
307
834880
3096
hun utfører åpen hjertekirurgi borti der.
14:22
If I'm cooking, the door
is shut, the kids are out,
is shut, the kids are out,
308
838000
2976
Når jeg lager mat, er luken stengt, barna er ute,
14:25
the phone's on the hook,
if she comes in I get annoyed.
if she comes in I get annoyed.
309
841000
2976
telefonen er ikke i bruk, og hvis hun kommer inn blir jeg irritert.
14:28
I say, "Terry, please,
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
I'm trying to fry an egg in here."
310
844000
3071
Jeg sier "Terry, vær så snill, jeg prøver å steke et egg her. Gi meg fred." (Latter).
14:31
(Laughter)
311
847095
6730
14:38
"Give me a break."
312
854254
1200
14:39
(Laughter)
313
855478
1720
Dere kjenner sikkert det gamle filosofiske uttrykket:
14:41
Actually, do you know
that old philosophical thing,
that old philosophical thing,
314
857222
2499
hvis et tre faller i skogen og ingen hører det,
14:43
if a tree falls in a forest
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
and nobody hears it, did it happen?
315
859745
3253
skjedde det da? Husker dere den gamle kastanjen?
14:47
Remember that old chestnut?
316
863252
1329
14:48
I saw a great t-shirt
recently, which said,
recently, which said,
317
864605
2409
Jeg så en t-skjorte nylig som sa, "Hvis en mann sier det han mener
14:51
"If a man speaks his mind
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
in a forest, and no woman hears him,
318
867038
3938
i en skog, og ingen kvinne hører ham,
14:55
is he still wrong?"
319
871000
1396
tar han fortsatt feil? "(Latter).
14:56
(Laughter)
320
872420
5606
15:03
And the third thing about intelligence is,
321
879976
2000
Og det tredje jeg vil si om intelligens,
15:06
it's distinct.
322
882000
1369
er at den er tydelig. Jeg skriver på en ny bok for tiden
15:07
I'm doing a new book at the moment
called "Epiphany,"
called "Epiphany,"
323
883754
2573
kalt "Åpenbaring", som er basert på en rekke
15:10
which is based on a series
of interviews with people
of interviews with people
324
886351
2474
intervjuer med folk om hvordan de oppdaget
15:12
about how they discovered their talent.
325
888849
1920
sitt spesielle talent. Jeg er fascinert av hvordan folk kom dit.
15:14
I'm fascinated
by how people got to be there.
by how people got to be there.
326
890793
2169
Boka startet egentlig med en samtale jeg hadde
15:16
It's really prompted by a conversation
I had with a wonderful woman
I had with a wonderful woman
327
892986
3190
med en fantastisk kvinne som kanskje folk flest
aldri har hørt om, hun heter Gillian Lynne.
15:20
who maybe most people
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
have never heard of, Gillian Lynne.
328
896200
2676
Har dere hørt om henne? Noen har. Hun er koreograf
15:22
Have you heard of her? Some have.
329
898900
1630
og alle kjenner til ting hun har gjort.
15:24
She's a choreographer,
and everybody knows her work.
and everybody knows her work.
330
900554
2522
Hun gjorde "Cats" og "Operafantomet".
15:27
She did "Cats" and "Phantom of the Opera."
331
903100
2001
Hun er fantastisk. Jeg var med i styret i Royal Ballet, i England,
15:29
She's wonderful.
332
905125
978
15:30
I used to be on the board
of The Royal Ballet,
of The Royal Ballet,
333
906127
2146
som dere kan se.
15:32
as you can see.
334
908297
1201
15:33
Anyway, Gillian and I had
lunch one day and I said,
lunch one day and I said,
335
909522
2400
Uansett, Gillian og jeg spiste lunsj en dag, og jeg sa,
"Gillian, hvordan har det seg at du ble en danser?"
15:36
"How did you get to be a dancer?"
336
912047
1800
15:37
It was interesting.
337
913976
1000
Og hun sa at det var interessant. Da hun var på skolen
15:39
When she was at school,
she was really hopeless.
she was really hopeless.
338
915000
2350
var hun virkelig håpløs. Og skolen, på trettitallet,
15:41
And the school, in the '30s,
wrote to her parents and said,
wrote to her parents and said,
339
917374
3602
skrev til foreldrene hennes og sa: "Vi tror
15:45
"We think Gillian
has a learning disorder."
has a learning disorder."
340
921000
2000
Gillian har en læringsforstyrrelse." Hun klarte ikke å konsentrere seg,
hun var urolig. I dag vil man si at
15:47
She couldn't concentrate;
she was fidgeting.
she was fidgeting.
341
923024
2142
hun hadde ADHD. Ville ikke dere? Men dette var i 1930-årene,
15:49
I think now they'd say she had ADHD.
Wouldn't you?
Wouldn't you?
342
925190
3290
15:52
But this was the 1930s, and ADHD
hadn't been invented at this point.
hadn't been invented at this point.
343
928504
4059
og ADHD hadde ikke blitt oppfunnet ennå.
Det var ikke en tilgjengelig tilstand. (Latter).
15:56
It wasn't an available condition.
344
932587
2389
15:59
(Laughter)
345
935000
2737
Folk var ikke klar over de kunne ha det.
16:01
People weren't aware they could have that.
346
937761
2060
Uansett, hun dro for å besøke denne eksperten, i et eike-panelt rom.
16:03
(Laughter)
347
939845
2134
16:06
Anyway, she went to see this specialist.
348
942003
4278
Hun var der sammen med sin mor,
og hun ble leid og satt på en stol på slutten,
16:10
So, this oak-paneled room,
and she was there with her mother,
and she was there with her mother,
349
946305
3722
og hun satt på hendene sine i 20 minutter mens
16:14
and she was led and sat
on this chair at the end,
on this chair at the end,
350
950051
2477
denne mannen snakket med moren hennes om alle
16:16
and she sat on her hands for 20 minutes
while this man talked to her mother
while this man talked to her mother
351
952552
3639
problemene Gillian hadde på skolen. Og på slutten --
16:20
about the problems
Gillian was having at school.
Gillian was having at school.
352
956215
2328
fordi hun forstyrret andre,
16:22
Because she was disturbing people;
her homework was always late; and so on,
her homework was always late; and so on,
353
958567
3677
leverte alltid lekser for sent, og så videre,
et lite barn på åtte -- til slutt satte legen seg
16:26
little kid of eight.
354
962268
1096
16:27
In the end, the doctor
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
went and sat next to Gillian, and said,
355
963388
3055
ved siden av Gillian og sa: "Gillian,
Jeg har lyttet til alle disse tingene som din mor
16:30
"I've listened to all these
things your mother's told me,
things your mother's told me,
356
966467
2705
har fortalt meg, og jeg trenger å snakke med henne alene."
16:33
I need to speak to her privately.
357
969196
1619
Han sa, "Vent her, vi kommer snart igjen, det tar ikke lang tid."
16:34
Wait here. We'll be back;
we won't be very long,"
we won't be very long,"
358
970839
2376
Og så gikk de ut og etterlot henne.
16:37
and they went and left her.
359
973239
2325
Men idet de gikk ut av rommet, slo han på radioen
16:39
But as they went out of the room,
360
975588
1636
på skrivebordet. Og når de
16:41
he turned on the radio
that was sitting on his desk.
that was sitting on his desk.
361
977248
2500
kom ut av rommet, sa han til sin moren hennes,
16:44
And when they got out, he said to her
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
mother, "Just stand and watch her."
362
980342
3430
"Bare stå og se på henne." Og i det øyeblikk de forlot rommet,
16:48
And the minute they left the room,
363
984000
2991
fortalte hun, var hun føttene og beveget seg til musikken.
16:51
she was on her feet, moving to the music.
364
987015
2484
Og de så på henne i noen minutter
16:53
And they watched for a few minutes
and he turned to her mother and said,
and he turned to her mother and said,
365
989523
3453
før han snudde seg til moren og sa:
16:57
"Mrs. Lynne, Gillian
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
isn't sick; she's a dancer.
366
993000
3976
"Fru Lynne, Gillian er ikke syk, hun er en danser.
17:01
Take her to a dance school."
367
997000
1976
"Ta henne til en danseskole."
17:03
I said, "What happened?"
368
999000
1976
Jeg sa: "Hva skjedde?"
17:05
She said, "She did. I can't tell you
how wonderful it was.
how wonderful it was.
369
1001000
2976
Hun sa: "Hun gjorde det. Jeg kan ikke fortelle deg hvor herlig det var.
17:08
We walked in this room
and it was full of people like me.
and it was full of people like me.
370
1004000
2753
Vi gikk i et rom og det var fullt av
sånne som meg. Mennesker som ikke kunne sitte stille.
17:10
People who couldn't sit still.
371
1006777
2199
17:13
People who had to move to think."
Who had to move to think.
Who had to move to think.
372
1009000
4587
Folk som måtte bevege seg for å tenke." Som måtte bevege seg for å tenke.
De danset ballett, de danset tap, de danset jazz,
17:17
They did ballet, they did tap, jazz;
they did modern; they did contemporary.
they did modern; they did contemporary.
373
1013746
3630
de danset moderne, de danset de populære dansene.
Hun prøvedanset til slutt for Royal Ballet School
17:21
She was eventually auditioned
for the Royal Ballet School;
for the Royal Ballet School;
374
1017400
2820
og ble solist. Hun hadde en strålende karriere
17:24
she became a soloist; she had
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
a wonderful career at the Royal Ballet.
375
1020244
3299
ved Royal Ballet. Hun til slutt ble uteksaminert
fra Royal Ballet School og
17:27
She eventually graduated
from the Royal Ballet School,
from the Royal Ballet School,
376
1023567
2608
grunnla sitt eget selskap, Gillian Lynne Dansekompani og
17:30
founded the Gillian Lynne Dance Company,
377
1026200
1975
møtte Andrew Lloyd Weber. Hun har vært ansvarlig for
17:32
met Andrew Lloyd Webber.
378
1028200
1243
17:33
She's been responsible for
379
1029568
1409
noen av de mest vellykkede musicalproduksjoner
17:35
some of the most successful
musical theater productions in history,
musical theater productions in history,
380
1031001
3146
i historien og har gitt glede til millioner,
17:38
she's given pleasure to millions,
and she's a multi-millionaire.
and she's a multi-millionaire.
381
1034172
3072
17:41
Somebody else might have put her
on medication and told her to calm down.
on medication and told her to calm down.
382
1037269
4070
og hun er en multi-millionær. Noen andre
ville kanskje ha satt henne på medisinering og fortalt henne
17:45
(Applause)
383
1041364
6782
at hun måtte roe seg ned.
Nå tror jeg - (applaus). Hvis jeg skal konkludere:
17:52
What I think it comes to is this:
384
1048575
1601
Al Gore snakket i forgårs
17:54
Al Gore spoke the other night
385
1050200
1776
17:56
about ecology and the revolution
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
that was triggered by Rachel Carson.
386
1052000
4269
om økologi, og revolusjonen som ble utløst av Rachel Carson.
Jeg tror vårt eneste håp for fremtiden
18:01
I believe our only hope for the future
387
1057111
2166
er å vedta en ny oppfatning av menneskets økologi,
18:03
is to adopt a new conception
of human ecology,
of human ecology,
388
1059301
3833
en der vi begynner å endre vår oppfatning
18:07
one in which we start
to reconstitute our conception
to reconstitute our conception
389
1063158
2818
18:10
of the richness of human capacity.
390
1066000
1976
av omfanget av menneskelig kapasitet.
18:12
Our education system has mined our minds
391
1068000
3499
Utdanningssystemet har utnyttet våre sinn på samme måte
18:15
in the way that we strip-mine the earth:
for a particular commodity.
for a particular commodity.
392
1071523
3276
som vi støvsuger jorden: på jakt etter en bestemt råvare.
Og i fremtiden, vil vi ikke være tjent med det.
18:19
And for the future, it won't serve us.
393
1075188
2484
Vi må revurdere de grunnleggende prinsippene
18:21
We have to rethink
the fundamental principles
the fundamental principles
394
1077696
2280
18:24
on which we're educating our children.
395
1080000
1968
for hvordan vi utdanner våre barn. Det var
et flott sitat av Jonas Salk, som sa: "Hvis alle insekter
18:26
There was a wonderful quote
by Jonas Salk, who said,
by Jonas Salk, who said,
396
1082087
2674
18:28
"If all the insects
were to disappear from the Earth,
were to disappear from the Earth,
397
1084785
5039
skulle forsvinne fra jorden,
ville alt liv på jorden ta slutt innen 50 år.
18:33
within 50 years all life
on Earth would end.
on Earth would end.
398
1089848
2841
Hvis alle mennesker forsvant fra jorden,
18:37
If all human beings
disappeared from the Earth,
disappeared from the Earth,
399
1093688
3072
ville alle former for liv ville blomstre innen 50 år."
18:40
within 50 years all forms
of life would flourish."
of life would flourish."
400
1096784
2634
Og han har rett.
18:44
And he's right.
401
1100244
1285
Det TED feirer er gaven: den menneskelige fantasi.
18:46
What TED celebrates is the gift
of the human imagination.
of the human imagination.
402
1102291
3634
Vi må være forsiktige slik at vi bruker denne gaven
18:50
We have to be careful now
403
1106417
2071
klokt, slik at vi kan avverge noen av scenariene
18:52
that we use this gift wisely
404
1108512
2255
18:54
and that we avert some of the scenarios
that we've talked about.
that we've talked about.
405
1110791
3229
som vi har snakket om. Og den eneste måten
18:58
And the only way we'll do it is by seeing
our creative capacities
our creative capacities
406
1114044
3932
vi kan gjøre det er ved å se våre kreative kapasiteter
19:02
for the richness they are
407
1118000
1610
som den rikdom de er, og ser
19:03
and seeing our children
for the hope that they are.
for the hope that they are.
408
1119634
3182
våre barn som de håp de er. Og vår oppgave
19:06
And our task is to educate
their whole being,
their whole being,
409
1122840
2398
er å utdanne hele mennesket, slik at de kan møte denne fremtiden.
19:09
so they can face this future.
410
1125262
1484
Forresten - vi vil kanskje ikke se denne fremtiden,
19:10
By the way -- we may not see this future,
411
1126770
2206
19:13
but they will.
412
1129000
1430
men det vil de. Og vår jobb er å hjelpe
19:14
And our job is to help them
make something of it.
make something of it.
413
1130454
3079
dem med å gjøre noe med den. Mange takk..
19:17
Thank you very much.
414
1133557
1000
19:18
(Applause)
415
1134581
3000
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ken Robinson - Author/educatorCreativity expert Sir Ken Robinson challenges the way we're educating our children. He champions a radical rethink of our school systems, to cultivate creativity and acknowledge multiple types of intelligence.
Why you should listen
Why don't we get the best out of people? Sir Ken Robinson argues that it's because we've been educated to become good workers, rather than creative thinkers. Students with restless minds and bodies -- far from being cultivated for their energy and curiosity -- are ignored or even stigmatized, with terrible consequences. "We are educating people out of their creativity," Robinson says. It's a message with deep resonance. Robinson's TED Talk has been distributed widely around the Web since its release in June 2006. The most popular words framing blog posts on his talk? "Everyone should watch this."
A visionary cultural leader, Sir Ken led the British government's 1998 advisory committee on creative and cultural education, a massive inquiry into the significance of creativity in the educational system and the economy, and was knighted in 2003 for his achievements. His 2009 book, The Element: How Finding Your Passion Changes Everything, is a New York Times bestseller and has been translated into 21 languages. A 10th anniversary edition of his classic work on creativity and innovation, Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative, was published in 2011. His 2013 book, Finding Your Element: How to Discover Your Talents and Passions and Transform Your Life, is a practical guide that answers questions about finding your personal Element. In his latest book, Creative Schools: The Grassroots Revolution That’s Transforming Education, he argues for an end to our outmoded industrial educational system and proposes a highly personalized, organic approach that draws on today’s unprecedented technological and professional resources to engage all students.
Ken Robinson | Speaker | TED.com