TED2009
Joachim de Posada: Don't eat the marshmallow!
Joachim de Posada kaže, Nemojte još pojesti sljezov kolačić
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U ovom kratkom govoru za TED U, Joachim de Posada priča o značajnom eksperimentu o odgođenom zadovoljstvu – i kako to može predvidjeti uspjeh u budućnosti. S dragocjenim snimkama djece koja pokušavaju njima ono najteže – ne pojesti sljezov kolačić.
Joachim de Posada - Speaker and author
Joachim de Posada was a speaker and motivational coach. He was the author of "How to Survive Among the Piranhas" and "Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet." Full bio
Joachim de Posada was a speaker and motivational coach. He was the author of "How to Survive Among the Piranhas" and "Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
I'm here because I have a very important message:
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Ovdje sam jer imam iznimno važnu poruku.
00:21
I think we have found
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Mislim da smo pronašli
00:23
the most important factor for success.
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najvažniji čimbenik za uspjeh.
00:26
And it was found close to here, Stanford.
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Pronađen je nedaleko odavde – Stanford.
00:31
Psychology professor took kids that were four years old
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Profesor psihologije odabrao je djecu staru četiri godine
00:35
and put them in a room all by themselves.
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i stavio ih u prostoriju, svakog zasebno.
00:39
And he would tell the child, a four-year-old kid,
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I rekao bi djetetu, četverogodišnjem djetetu,
00:42
"Johnny, I am going to leave you here with a marshmallow
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„Johnny, ja ću te sada ostaviti sa sljezovim kolačićem
00:45
for 15 minutes.
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na 15 minuta.
00:47
If, after I come back, this marshmallow is here,
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Ako, nakon što se vratim, sljezov kolačić i dalje bude ovdje,
00:51
you will get another one. So you will have two."
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dobit ćeš još jedan. I tako ćeš imati dva.“
00:55
To tell a four-year-old kid to wait 15 minutes
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Reći četverogodišnjem djetetu da čeka 15 minuta
00:58
for something that they like,
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na nešto što voli
01:00
is equivalent to telling us, "We'll bring you coffee in two hours."
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jednako je kao i reći nama, „Donijet ćemo Vam kavu za dva sata.“
01:04
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:05
Exact equivalent.
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Upravo jednako.
01:07
So what happened when the professor left the room?
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I, što se dogodilo kada je profesor napustio prostoriju?
01:12
As soon as the door closed...
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Čim su se vrata zatvorila...
01:16
two out of three ate the marshmallow.
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dvoje od troje djece pojelo je sljezov kolačić.
01:18
Five seconds, 10 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds,
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pet sekundi, 10 sekundi, 40 sekundi, 50 sekundi,
01:21
two minutes, four minutes, eight minutes.
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dvije minute, četiri minute, osam minuta.
01:23
Some lasted 14-and-a-half minutes.
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Neki su izdržali 14 i pol minuta.
01:26
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:27
Couldn't do it. Could not wait.
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Nisu mogli. Nisu mogli čekati.
01:31
What's interesting is that one out of three
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Zanimljivo je da bi jedno od troje djece
01:34
would look at the marshmallow and go like this ...
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gledalo sljezov kolačić i radilo ovo...
01:39
Would look at it.
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Gledalo bi ga.
01:41
Put it back.
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Vratilo ga natrag.
01:43
They would walk around. They would play with their skirts and pants.
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Hodalo uokolo. Igrali bi se sa svojim suknjama i hlačama.
01:48
That child already, at four, understood
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To dijete već je s četiri godine shvaćalo
01:51
the most important principle for success,
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najvažniji princip za uspjeh.
01:54
which is the ability to delay gratification.
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A to je sposobnost odgađanja zadovoljstva.
01:58
Self-discipline:
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Samodisciplina,
02:00
the most important factor for success.
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najvažniji čimbenik uspjeha.
02:03
15 years later, 14 or 15 years later,
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15 godina kasnije, 14 ili 15 godina kasnije,
02:06
follow-up study.
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naknadna studija.
02:08
What did they find?
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Što su otkrili?
02:10
They went to look for these kids who were now 18 and 19.
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Otišli su potražiti tu djecu koja su sada imala 18 i 19 godina.
02:13
And they found that 100 percent
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I saznali su da je 100 posto
02:16
of the children that had not eaten the marshmallow were successful.
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one djece koja nisu pojela sljezov kolačić bilo uspješno.
02:20
They had good grades. They were doing wonderful.
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Imali su dobre ocjene. Odlično su napredovali.
02:22
They were happy. They had their plans.
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Bili su sretni. Imali su planove.
02:24
They had good relationships with the teachers, students.
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Imali su dobre odnose s učiteljima, studentima.
02:27
They were doing fine.
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Išlo im je dobro.
02:28
A great percentage of the kids that ate the marshmallow,
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Velik postotak one djece koja su pojela sljezov kolačić
02:31
they were in trouble.
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bio je u nevolji.
02:32
They did not make it to university.
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Nisu upisali fakultet.
02:34
They had bad grades. Some of them dropped out.
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Imali su loše ocjene. Neki od njih odustali su od školovanja.
02:36
A few were still there with bad grades.
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Nekolicina je još bila ondje s lošim ocjenama.
02:38
A few had good grades.
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A svega nekoliko njih imalo je dobre ocjene.
02:40
I had a question in my mind: Would Hispanic kids
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Palo mi je na pamet pitanje: Bi li i djeca latinoameričkog podrijetla
02:42
react the same way as the American kids?
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reagirala jednako kao i američka djeca?
02:45
So I went to Colombia. And I reproduced the experiment.
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I onda sam otišao u Kolumbiju. I ponovio eksperiment.
02:48
And it was very funny. I used four, five and six years old kids.
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I bilo je vrlo smiješno. Koristio sam četverogodišnju, petogodišnju i šestogodišnju djecu.
02:51
And let me show you what happened.
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I dopustite mi da vam pokažem što se dogodilo.
03:09
(Spanish) (Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:50
So what happened in Colombia?
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Dakle, što se dogodilo u Kolumbiji?
04:52
Hispanic kids, two out of three ate the marshmallow;
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Latinoamerička djeca, dvoje od troje pojelo je sljezov kolačić.
04:55
one out of three did not.
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Jedno od troje nije.
04:57
This little girl was interesting;
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Ova mala djevojčica bila je zanimljiva.
04:59
she ate the inside of the marshmallow.
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Pojela je unutrašnjost sljezovog kolačića.
05:01
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:02
In other words, she wanted us to think that she had not eaten it, so she would get two.
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Drugim riječima, željela je da mislimo kako ga nije pojela zato da bi dobila dva kolačića.
05:06
But she ate it.
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Ali, jela ga je.
05:08
So we know she'll be successful. But we have to watch her.
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Mi znamo da će ona biti uspješna. Ali moramo pripaziti na nju.
05:11
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:12
She should not go into banking, for example,
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Ne bi se trebala baviti bankarstvom, na primjer,
05:15
or work at a cash register.
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ili raditi na blagajni.
05:17
But she will be successful.
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Ali ona će biti uspješna.
05:19
And this applies for everything. Even in sales.
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I ovo se može primijeniti svugdje. Čak i u prodaji.
05:21
The sales person that --
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Trgovac koji –
05:25
the customer says, "I want that." And the person says, "Okay, here you are."
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Kupac kaže, „Želim to“. Osoba odgovara, „U redu, izvolite.“
05:27
That person ate the marshmallow.
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Ta je osoba pojela sljezov kolačić.
05:29
If the sales person says, "Wait a second.
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Ako trgovac kaže, „Pričekajte trenutak.
05:31
Let me ask you a few questions to see if this is a good choice."
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Dopustite da Vas pitam nekoliko pitanja da vidimo je li ovo dobar izbor.“
05:34
Then you sell a lot more.
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Tada ćete prodati mnogo više.
05:35
So this has applications in all walks of life.
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Prema tome, ovo ima primjene u svim aspektima života.
05:40
I end with -- the Koreans did this.
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Završit ću sa – Koreanci su učinili ovo.
05:43
You know what? This is so good
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Znate li što? Ovo je toliko dobro
05:45
that we want a marshmallow book for children.
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da želimo knjigu o sljezovim kolačićima za djecu.
05:47
We did one for children. And now it is all over Korea.
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Napravili smo jednu za djecu. I sada je rasprostranjena širom Koreje.
05:50
They are teaching these kids exactly this principle.
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Oni uče djecu upravo ovom principu.
05:52
And we need to learn that principle here in the States,
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I mi trebamo naučiti taj princip ovdje u SAD-u.
05:54
because we have a big debt.
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Jer, imamo velik dug.
05:56
We are eating more marshmallows than we are producing.
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Jedemo više kolačića nego što ih proizvodimo.
05:58
Thank you so much.
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Hvala Vam puno.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joachim de Posada - Speaker and authorJoachim de Posada was a speaker and motivational coach. He was the author of "How to Survive Among the Piranhas" and "Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet."
Why you should listen
Joachim de Posada's infectious energy and humor turned him into a popular motivational coach. Working in Spanish and English, he helped companies and teams find deep and lasting reasons to succeed. His books included How to Survive Among the Piranhas and his latest, No te comas el marshmallow ... todavia, or Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet. (He had recently updated the book for the recession, calling it Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Ever.)
Joachim de Posada | Speaker | TED.com