TED2009
Joachim de Posada: Don't eat the marshmallow!
Joachim de Posada mengatakan, Jangan makan marshmallow itu.
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Dalam ceramah pendek dari TED U, Joachim de Posada menceritakan sebuah percobaan terkenal tentang menunda keinginan memuaskan diri -- dan bagaimana hal itu dapat memperkirakan kesuksesan di masa depan. Dilengkapi video menarik yang memperlihatkan anak-anak berusaha sekeras mungkin untuk tidak memakan marshmallow.
Joachim de Posada - Speaker and author
Joachim de Posada was a speaker and motivational coach. He was the author of "How to Survive Among the Piranhas" and "Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet." Full bio
Joachim de Posada was a speaker and motivational coach. He was the author of "How to Survive Among the Piranhas" and "Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet." Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
I'm here because I have a very important message:
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Saya berdiri di sini dengan sebuah pesan yang sangat penting.
00:21
I think we have found
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Saya pikir kita telah menemukan
00:23
the most important factor for success.
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faktor paling penting untuk sukses.
00:26
And it was found close to here, Stanford.
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Ditemukan tidak jauh dari sini, di Stanford.
00:31
Psychology professor took kids that were four years old
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Profesor Psikologi mengambil anak-anak usia empat tahun
00:35
and put them in a room all by themselves.
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dan menempatkan tiap anak sendirian dalam suatu ruangan.
00:39
And he would tell the child, a four-year-old kid,
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Lalu dia berkata pada anak berusia empat tahun itu,
00:42
"Johnny, I am going to leave you here with a marshmallow
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"Johnny, aku akan meninggalkanmu di sini dengan sebuah marshmallow,
00:45
for 15 minutes.
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selama 15 menit.
00:47
If, after I come back, this marshmallow is here,
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Jika saat aku kembali marshmallow ini masih ada,
00:51
you will get another one. So you will have two."
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kamu akan mendapatkan satu lagi. Jadi nanti kau punya dua."
00:55
To tell a four-year-old kid to wait 15 minutes
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Meminta seorang anak empat tahun untuk menunggu 15 menit
00:58
for something that they like,
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demi sesuatu yang mereka sukai,
01:00
is equivalent to telling us, "We'll bring you coffee in two hours."
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sama saja dengan memberitahu kita, "Kami akan membawa kopi Anda dua jam lagi."
01:04
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
01:05
Exact equivalent.
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Persis sama.
01:07
So what happened when the professor left the room?
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Lalu apa yang terjadi saat profesor meninggalkan ruangan?
01:12
As soon as the door closed...
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Begitu pintu ditutup ...
01:16
two out of three ate the marshmallow.
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dua dari tiga anak memakan marshmallow itu.
01:18
Five seconds, 10 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds,
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Lima detik, 10 detik, 40 detik, 50 detik,
01:21
two minutes, four minutes, eight minutes.
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dua menit, empat menit, delapan menit.
01:23
Some lasted 14-and-a-half minutes.
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Beberapa bertahan hingga 14 setengah menit.
01:26
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
01:27
Couldn't do it. Could not wait.
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Tak sanggup bertahan. Tak bisa menunggu.
01:31
What's interesting is that one out of three
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Yang menarik adalah satu dari tiga anak
01:34
would look at the marshmallow and go like this ...
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akan melihat pada marshmallow dan bersikap seperti ini...
01:39
Would look at it.
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Melihatnya.
01:41
Put it back.
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Menaruh kembali.
01:43
They would walk around. They would play with their skirts and pants.
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Berjalan keliling ruangan. Memainkan rok atau celana mereka.
01:48
That child already, at four, understood
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Anak itu, di usia empat, telah paham
01:51
the most important principle for success,
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prinsip paling penting untuk sukses.
01:54
which is the ability to delay gratification.
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Yakni kemampuan menunda kesenangan diri.
01:58
Self-discipline:
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Disiplin diri,
02:00
the most important factor for success.
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faktor paling penting untuk sukses.
02:03
15 years later, 14 or 15 years later,
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15 tahun kemudian, 14 atau 15 tahun kemudian,
02:06
follow-up study.
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dilakukan studi lanjutan.
02:08
What did they find?
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Apa yang mereka temukan?
02:10
They went to look for these kids who were now 18 and 19.
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Mereka mencari anak-anak tersebut yang kini berusia antara 18 dan 19.
02:13
And they found that 100 percent
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Dan mereka menemukan bahwa 100 persen
02:16
of the children that had not eaten the marshmallow were successful.
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anak yang tak makan marshmallow sukses.
02:20
They had good grades. They were doing wonderful.
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Nilai sekolah bagus. Punya banyak keberhasilan.
02:22
They were happy. They had their plans.
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Mereka bahagia. Punya cita-cita jelas.
02:24
They had good relationships with the teachers, students.
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Memiliki hubungan yang baik dengan guru dan siswa lain.
02:27
They were doing fine.
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Mereka baik-baik saja.
02:28
A great percentage of the kids that ate the marshmallow,
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Sebagian besar anak yang makan marshmallow,
02:31
they were in trouble.
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berada dalam masalah.
02:32
They did not make it to university.
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Mereka tidak melanjutkan sekolah sampai perguruan tinggi.
02:34
They had bad grades. Some of them dropped out.
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Nilai sekolah buruk. Beberapa putus sekolah.
02:36
A few were still there with bad grades.
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Ada yang masih sekolah dengan nilai buruk.
02:38
A few had good grades.
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Sedikit yang punya nilai bagus.
02:40
I had a question in my mind: Would Hispanic kids
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Ada pertanyaan dalam pikiran saya: Apakah anak Hispanik
02:42
react the same way as the American kids?
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bereaksi sama seperti anak Amerika?
02:45
So I went to Colombia. And I reproduced the experiment.
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Jadi aku pergi ke Kolombia. Dan aku melakukan percobaan itu.
02:48
And it was very funny. I used four, five and six years old kids.
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Dan sangat lucu. Saya menggunakan anak usia empat, lima dan enam tahun.
02:51
And let me show you what happened.
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Inilah yang terjadi.
03:09
(Spanish) (Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
04:50
So what happened in Colombia?
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Jadi apa yang terjadi di Kolombia?
04:52
Hispanic kids, two out of three ate the marshmallow;
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Anak Hispanik, dua dari tiga memakan marshmallow nya.
04:55
one out of three did not.
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Satu dari tiga tidak.
04:57
This little girl was interesting;
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Gadis kecil itu menarik.
04:59
she ate the inside of the marshmallow.
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Dia makan bagian dalam marshmallow.
05:01
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
05:02
In other words, she wanted us to think that she had not eaten it, so she would get two.
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Dengan kata lain, ia ingin kita berpikir ia tidak makan, sehingga mendapat dua.
05:06
But she ate it.
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Tapi dia makan.
05:08
So we know she'll be successful. But we have to watch her.
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Jadi kita tahu dia akan sukses. Tapi kita harus mengawasinya.
05:11
(Laughter)
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(Tertawa)
05:12
She should not go into banking, for example,
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Jangan sampai dia kerja di bank, misalnya,
05:15
or work at a cash register.
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atau jadi kasir.
05:17
But she will be successful.
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Tapi dia akan sukses.
05:19
And this applies for everything. Even in sales.
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Dan ini berlaku untuk segala hal. Termasuk dalam berjualan.
05:21
The sales person that --
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Penjual yang --
05:25
the customer says, "I want that." And the person says, "Okay, here you are."
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Pelanggan berkata, "Aku ingin itu." Dan orang itu berkata, "Baik, silakan ambil."
05:27
That person ate the marshmallow.
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Itu jenis orang yang makan marshmallow.
05:29
If the sales person says, "Wait a second.
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Jika penjual berkata, "Tunggu sebentar.
05:31
Let me ask you a few questions to see if this is a good choice."
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Izinkan saya mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan untuk melihat apakah ini merupakan pilihan yang baik."
05:34
Then you sell a lot more.
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Sehingga dapat menjual lebih banyak.
05:35
So this has applications in all walks of life.
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Jadi ini bisa diterapkan dalam semua bidang kehidupan.
05:40
I end with -- the Koreans did this.
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Saya akhiri dengan -- orang Korea melakukan ini.
05:43
You know what? This is so good
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Tahukah Anda? Sangat baik
05:45
that we want a marshmallow book for children.
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bahwa kita menginginkan buku tentang marshmallow itu untuk anak-anak.
05:47
We did one for children. And now it is all over Korea.
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Kami menyusun satu untuk anak-anak. Dan kini telah tersebar di seluruh Korea.
05:50
They are teaching these kids exactly this principle.
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Mereka mengajarkan prinsip yang sama pada anak-anak.
05:52
And we need to learn that principle here in the States,
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Dan kita perlu belajar prinsip ini di Amerika.
05:54
because we have a big debt.
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Karena Amerika memiliki utang yang besar.
05:56
We are eating more marshmallows than we are producing.
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Kita memakan marshmallow lebih banyak daripada yang kita produksi.
05:58
Thank you so much.
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Terima kasih banyak.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Joachim de Posada - Speaker and authorJoachim de Posada was a speaker and motivational coach. He was the author of "How to Survive Among the Piranhas" and "Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet."
Why you should listen
Joachim de Posada's infectious energy and humor turned him into a popular motivational coach. Working in Spanish and English, he helped companies and teams find deep and lasting reasons to succeed. His books included How to Survive Among the Piranhas and his latest, No te comas el marshmallow ... todavia, or Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Yet. (He had recently updated the book for the recession, calling it Don't Eat the Marshmallow ... Ever.)
Joachim de Posada | Speaker | TED.com