TEDWomen 2015
Pardis Sabeti: How we'll fight the next deadly virus
Pardis Sabeti: Bagaimana kita memerangi virus mematikan selanjutnya
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Ketika Ebola mewabah pada Maret 2014, Pardis Sabeti dan timnya bekerja untuk mengurutkan genom virus, serta mempelajari mutasi dan penyebarannya. Sabeti langsung mempublikasikan risetnya secara online, sehingga pelacak virus dan ilmuwan di seluruh dunia dapat bergabung dalam memeranginya. Di ceramah ini, ia menunjukkan betapa kerja sama terbuka adalah kunci untuk menghentikan virus... dan melawan virus selanjutnya yang akan datang. "Kita mesti terbuka, berbagi dan bekerja sama," ujarnya, "Jangan kita biarkan dunia dibatasi oleh kehancuran yang disebabkan oleh satu virus, namun diterangi oleh milyaran jiwa dan pikiran yang bekerja bersama."
Pardis Sabeti - Computational geneticist
Pardis Sabeti investigates the genomes of microbes, including the Ebola virus, to help understand how to slow them. Full bio
Pardis Sabeti investigates the genomes of microbes, including the Ebola virus, to help understand how to slow them. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
You may never have heard
of Kenema, Sierra Leone
of Kenema, Sierra Leone
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Mungkin Anda belum pernah
mendengar Kenema, Sierra Leone
mendengar Kenema, Sierra Leone
00:15
or Arua, Nigeria.
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atau Arua, Nigeria.
00:17
But I know them as two of the most
extraordinary places on earth.
extraordinary places on earth.
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Namun saya tahu keduanya adalah tempat
yang luar biasa di dunia.
yang luar biasa di dunia.
00:21
In hospitals there, there's a community
of nurses, physicians and scientists
of nurses, physicians and scientists
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Rumah sakit di sana memiliki
komunitas perawat, dokter, dan ilmuwan
komunitas perawat, dokter, dan ilmuwan
00:27
that have been quietly battling
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yang diam-diam berjuang melawan
00:28
one of the deadliest threats
to humanity for years:
to humanity for years:
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ancaman paling mematikan bagi
manusia selama bertahun-tahun:
manusia selama bertahun-tahun:
00:31
Lassa virus.
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Virus Lassa
00:33
Lassa virus is a lot like Ebola.
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Virus Lassa sangat mirip dengan Ebola.
00:35
It can cause a severe fever
and can often be fatal.
and can often be fatal.
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Ia bisa menyebabkan demam tinggi
dan sering berakibat fatal.
dan sering berakibat fatal.
00:39
But these individuals,
they risk their lives every day
they risk their lives every day
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Namun orang-orang ini mempertaruhkan
hidup mereka setiap hari
hidup mereka setiap hari
00:43
to protect the individuals
in their communities,
in their communities,
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demi melindungi orang-orang
di masyarakat mereka
di masyarakat mereka
00:45
and by doing so, protect us all.
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dan sekaligus, melindungi kita semua.
00:49
But one of the most extraordinary things
I learned about them
I learned about them
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Satu hal luar biasa yang
saya pelajari tentang mereka
saya pelajari tentang mereka
pada kunjungan pertama saya
beberapa tahun lalu adalah
beberapa tahun lalu adalah
00:52
on one of my first visits
out there many years ago
out there many years ago
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00:54
was that they start each morning --
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mereka mengawali hari --
00:56
these challenging, extraordinary days
on the front lines -- by singing.
on the front lines -- by singing.
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hari-hari luar biasa yang penuh tantangan
di garis depan --
di garis depan --
dengan menyanyi.
Mereka berkumpul
dan menunjukkan kegembiraan mereka.
dan menunjukkan kegembiraan mereka.
01:01
They gather together,
and they show their joy.
and they show their joy.
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Mereka menunjukkan semangat mereka.
01:05
They show their spirit.
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01:06
And over the years,
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Pada tahun-tahun itu,
ketika kami saling mengunjungi,
01:07
from year after year as I've visited them
and they've visited me,
and they've visited me,
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01:10
I get to gather with them and I sing
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kami berkumpul dan bernyanyi bersama
01:12
and we write and we love it,
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dan kami suka berkirim surat,
01:15
because it reminds us that we're not
just there to pursue science together;
just there to pursue science together;
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sebab itu mengingatkan bahwa kami tak
hanya mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan;
hanya mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan;
01:18
we're bonded through a shared humanity.
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tapi juga dipersatukan lewat
rasa kemanusiaan.
rasa kemanusiaan.
01:21
And that of course, as you can imagine,
becomes extremely important,
becomes extremely important,
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Anda tentu bisa bayangkan,
hal itu menjadi sangat penting,
hal itu menjadi sangat penting,
01:25
even essential, as things begin to change.
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bahkan krusial, ketika perubahan terjadi.
01:28
And that changed a great deal
in March of 2014,
in March of 2014,
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Perubahan besar terjadi bulan Maret 2014,
01:33
when the Ebola outbreak
was declared in Guinea.
was declared in Guinea.
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ketika Guinea dinyatakan terjangkit Ebola.
01:36
This is the first outbreak in West Africa,
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Ini wabah bertama di Afrika Barat,
01:38
near the border
of Sierra Leone and Liberia.
of Sierra Leone and Liberia.
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dekat perbatasan Sierra Leone dan Liberia.
01:42
And it was frightening,
frightening for us all.
frightening for us all.
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Sangat menakutkan,
menakutkan bagi kami semua.
menakutkan bagi kami semua.
01:44
We had actually suspected for some time
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Kami sebenarnya sudah menduga bahwa
01:46
that Lassa and Ebola were more
widespread than thought,
widespread than thought,
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penyebaran Lassa dan Ebola
lebih luas dari perkiraan
lebih luas dari perkiraan
01:49
and we thought it could
one day come to Kenema.
one day come to Kenema.
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dan kami perkirakan akan
sampai ke Kenema.
sampai ke Kenema.
01:51
And so members of my team
immediately went out
immediately went out
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Anggota tim saya langsung bertindak
01:54
and joined Dr. Humarr Khan
and his team there,
and his team there,
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dan membantu Dr. Humarr Khan
dan timnya di sana,
dan timnya di sana,
01:56
and we set up diagnostics to be able
to have sensitive molecular tests
to have sensitive molecular tests
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kami mempersiapkan diagnosa
melalui tes molekul sensitif
melalui tes molekul sensitif
02:00
to pick up Ebola if it came
across the border
across the border
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untuk mendeteksi jika Ebola menyebar
02:02
and into Sierra Leone.
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ke Sierra Leone.
02:03
We'd already set up this kind
of capacity for Lassa virus,
of capacity for Lassa virus,
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Kami sudah menggunakan
cara ini untuk virus Lassa,
cara ini untuk virus Lassa,
02:06
we knew how to do it,
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kami tahu caranya,
02:08
the team is outstanding.
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timnya pun sangat hebat.
02:09
We just had to give them
the tools and place to survey for Ebola.
the tools and place to survey for Ebola.
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Kami hanya perlu memberi alat dan tempat
untuk mensurvei Ebola.
untuk mensurvei Ebola.
02:13
And unfortunately, that day came.
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Sayangnya, hari itu datang juga.
02:14
On May 23, 2014, a woman checked
into the maternity ward at the hospital,
into the maternity ward at the hospital,
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23 Mei 2014, seorang wanita dirawat
di bangsal bersalin rumah sakit,
di bangsal bersalin rumah sakit,
02:19
and the team ran
those important molecular tests
those important molecular tests
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tim melakukan tes molekul penting tersebut
02:23
and they identified the first
confirmed case of Ebola in Sierra Leone.
confirmed case of Ebola in Sierra Leone.
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dan mereka menemukan
kasus Ebola pertama di Sierra Leone.
kasus Ebola pertama di Sierra Leone.
02:28
This was an exceptional
work that was done.
work that was done.
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Sungguh kerja yang sangat bagus.
02:30
They were able to diagnose
the case immediately,
the case immediately,
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Mereka dapat mendiagnosa
kasus itu dengan cepat,
kasus itu dengan cepat,
02:32
to safely treat the patient
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menangani pasien dengan aman
02:34
and to begin to do contact tracing
to follow what was going on.
to follow what was going on.
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dan mulai melacak kontak virus
untuk menyelidiki keadaan.
untuk menyelidiki keadaan.
02:37
It could've stopped something.
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Wabah ini seharusnya bisa dihentikan.
02:39
But by the time that day came,
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Namun pada saat itu,
02:42
the outbreak had already
been breeding for months.
been breeding for months.
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wabah telah berlangsung berbulan-bulan.
02:45
With hundreds of cases, it had already
eclipsed all previous outbreaks.
eclipsed all previous outbreaks.
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Dengan ratusan kasus, Ebola telah
melampaui wabah lain sebelumnya.
melampaui wabah lain sebelumnya.
02:48
And it came into Sierra Leone
not as that singular case,
not as that singular case,
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Wabah menyebar ke Sierra Leone
bukan hanya sekali,
bukan hanya sekali,
02:52
but as a tidal wave.
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namun bergelombang.
Kami harus bekerja dengan
masyarakat internasional,
masyarakat internasional,
02:54
We had to work
with the international community,
with the international community,
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02:56
with the Ministry of Health, with Kenema,
to begin to deal with the cases,
to begin to deal with the cases,
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dengan Departemen Kesehatan dan Kenema
untuk mulai menangani kasus,
untuk mulai menangani kasus,
03:00
as the next week brought 31,
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ketika minggu selanjutnya
menjadi 31 kasus,
menjadi 31 kasus,
03:02
then 92, then 147 cases --
all coming to Kenema,
all coming to Kenema,
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lalu 92, dan lalu 147 kasus --
semua korban datang ke Kenema,
semua korban datang ke Kenema,
03:05
one of the only places in Sierra Leone
that could deal with this.
that could deal with this.
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salah satu tempat di Sierra Leone
yang bisa menanganinya.
yang bisa menanganinya.
03:09
And we worked around the clock
trying to do everything we could,
trying to do everything we could,
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Kami bekerja tanpa henti
mencoba semua yang kami bisa,
mencoba semua yang kami bisa,
03:13
trying to help the individuals,
trying to get attention,
trying to get attention,
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mencoba menolong pasien,
mencoba menarik perhatian,
mencoba menarik perhatian,
03:16
but we also did one other simple thing.
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dan juga melakukan hal sederhana lainnya.
03:18
From that specimen that we take
from a patient's blood to detect Ebola,
from a patient's blood to detect Ebola,
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Sampel darah pasien yang kami ambil
untuk mendeteksi Ebola,
untuk mendeteksi Ebola,
03:22
we can discard it, obviously.
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tentu saja kami bisa membuangnya.
03:24
The other thing we can do is, actually,
put in a chemical and deactivate it,
put in a chemical and deactivate it,
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Kami juga bisa memberinya bahan kimia
dan menonaktifkannya,
dan menonaktifkannya,
03:28
so just place it into a box
and ship it across the ocean,
and ship it across the ocean,
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dimasukkan di dalam kotak
dan dikirim ke tempat lain,
dan dikirim ke tempat lain,
03:30
and that's what we did.
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itu yang kami lakukan.
03:32
We sent it to Boston, where my team works.
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Kami mengirimnya ke Boston, ke tim saya.
03:34
And we also worked around the clock
doing shift work, day after day,
doing shift work, day after day,
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Kami juga terus bekerja shift,
hari demi hari,
hari demi hari,
03:38
and we quickly generated 99 genomes
of the Ebola virus.
of the Ebola virus.
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dan kami dengan cepat menemukan
99 genom virus Ebola.
99 genom virus Ebola.
03:42
This is the blueprint -- the genome
of a virus is the blueprint.
of a virus is the blueprint.
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Inilah cetak birunya --
genom virus adalah cetak birunya.
genom virus adalah cetak birunya.
Kita semua memiliki genom.
03:45
We all have one.
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03:46
It says everything that makes up us,
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Genom berisi data susunan diri kita,
03:48
and it tells us so much information.
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dan banyak sekali informasi di dalamnya.
03:50
The results of this kind of work
are simple and they're powerful.
are simple and they're powerful.
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Hasil kerja seperti ini sederhana
dan sangat penting.
dan sangat penting.
03:54
We could actually take
these 99 different viruses,
these 99 different viruses,
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Kami sebenarnya bisa mengambil
99 jenis virus ebola,
99 jenis virus ebola,
03:56
look at them and compare them,
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meneliti dan membandingkannya
03:58
and we could see, actually,
compared to three genomes
compared to three genomes
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dan kami bisa tahu, dengan
membandingkannya dengan 3 genom
membandingkannya dengan 3 genom
04:01
that had been previously
published from Guinea,
published from Guinea,
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yang diumumkan di Guinea sebelumnya,
04:04
we could show that the outbreak
emerged in Guinea months before,
emerged in Guinea months before,
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kami bisa menunjukkan bahwa wabah Ebola
di Guinea beberapa bulan sebelumnya,
di Guinea beberapa bulan sebelumnya,
04:07
once into the human population,
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pertama-tama masuk ke populasi manusia
04:09
and from there had been transmitting
from human to human.
from human to human.
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dan menular dari orang ke orang.
Sangat penting
04:12
Now, that's incredibly important
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untuk mencari cara menghentikannya,
04:13
when you're trying to figure out
how to intervene,
how to intervene,
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04:16
but the important thing
is contact tracing.
is contact tracing.
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tapi pelacakan kontak juga penting.
04:18
We also could see that as the virus
was moving between humans,
was moving between humans,
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Kami tahu saat virus ditularkan
antar manusia,
antar manusia,
04:21
it was mutating.
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virus bermutasi.
04:23
And each of those mutations
are so important,
are so important,
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Setiap bentuk mutasi ini sangat penting,
04:25
because the diagnostics, the vaccines,
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karena diagnosa, vaksin,
04:27
the therapies that we're using,
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dan terapi yang kami pakai,
04:29
are all based on that genome
sequence, fundamentally --
sequence, fundamentally --
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pada dasarnya semua berdasarkan
urutan genom tersebut,
urutan genom tersebut,
04:32
that's what drives it.
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itu yang menggerakkannya.
04:33
And so global health experts
would need to respond,
would need to respond,
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Ahli kesehatan dunia perlu merespon,
04:36
would have to develop,
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mengembangkan,
04:37
to recalibrate everything
that they were doing.
that they were doing.
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dan menyesuaikan lagi
semua yang telah mereka kerjakan.
semua yang telah mereka kerjakan.
Berdasarkan cara kerja sains,
dalam posisi saya waktu itu,
dalam posisi saya waktu itu,
04:41
But the way that science works,
the position I was in at that point
the position I was in at that point
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seharusnya: saya memiliki data,
04:44
is, I had the data,
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dan menelitinya sendiri
selama berbulan-bulan,
selama berbulan-bulan,
04:45
and I could have worked
in a silo for many, many months,
in a silo for many, many months,
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menganalisa data dengan hati-hati,
perlahan,
perlahan,
04:48
analyzed the data carefully, slowly,
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04:50
submitted the paper for publication,
gone through a few back-and-forths,
gone through a few back-and-forths,
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mendaftarkan naskah untuk publikasi,
berulang kali,
berulang kali,
04:53
and then finally when the paper came out,
might release that data.
might release that data.
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dan ketika publikasi berhasil,
data bisa diumumkan.
data bisa diumumkan.
04:56
That's the way the status quo works.
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Itu cara status quo.
04:59
Well, that was not going to work
at this point, right?
at this point, right?
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Tapi cara ini tidak mungkin
pada saat itu, kan?
pada saat itu, kan?
05:01
We had friends on the front lines
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Kolega kami berada di garis depan
05:03
and to us it was just obvious
that what we needed is help,
that what we needed is help,
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dan jelas kalau kami butuh bantuan,
05:06
lots of help.
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banyak bantuan.
Jadi, hal pertama yang kami lakukan,
05:07
So the first thing we did is,
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05:09
as soon as the sequences
came off the machines,
came off the machines,
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segera setelah mendapatkan urutan genom,
05:12
we published it to the web.
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kami mengumumkannya di internet.
05:13
We just released it to the whole world
and said, "Help us."
and said, "Help us."
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Kami umumkan ke seluruh dunia
dan bilang, "Tolong kami."
dan bilang, "Tolong kami."
05:16
And help came.
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Dan bantuan datang.
05:17
Before we knew it,
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Tidak lama,
05:18
we were being contacted
from people all over,
from people all over,
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kami dihubungi dari segala penjuru,
05:21
surprised to see the data
out there and released.
out there and released.
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terkejut mengetahui datanya
sudah diluncurkan.
sudah diluncurkan.
05:23
Some of the greatest
viral trackers in the world
viral trackers in the world
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Beberapa pelacak virus terbaik dunia
05:25
were suddenly part of our community.
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langsung bergabung dengan komunitas kami.
05:28
We were working together
in this virtual way,
in this virtual way,
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Kami bekerja bersama secara virtual,
05:30
sharing, regular calls, communications,
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berbagi, menelepon, berkomunikasi,
05:33
trying to follow the virus
minute by minute,
minute by minute,
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mencoba mengikuti virus
dari menit ke menit,
dari menit ke menit,
05:36
to see ways that we could stop it.
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dan mencari cara untuk menghentikannya
05:39
And there are so many ways
that we can form communities like that.
that we can form communities like that.
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Ada banyak cara untuk membentuk
komunitas seperti itu.
komunitas seperti itu.
05:43
Everybody, particularly when the outbreak
started to expand globally,
started to expand globally,
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Semua orang, terutama ketika
wabah mulai mendunia,
wabah mulai mendunia,
05:47
was reaching out to learn,
to participate, to engage.
to participate, to engage.
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saling menghubungi untuk mencari tahu,
berpartisipasi dan ikut serta.
berpartisipasi dan ikut serta.
05:51
Everybody wants to play a part.
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Semua orang ingin urun andil.
05:53
The amount of human capacity
out there is just amazing,
out there is just amazing,
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Besarnya kemampuan manusia
sungguh menakjubkan,
sungguh menakjubkan,
05:56
and the Internet connects us all.
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dan internet menghubungkan kita.
05:57
And could you imagine that instead
of being frightened of each other,
of being frightened of each other,
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Bisakah Anda bayangkan alih-alih
takut akan satu sama lain,
takut akan satu sama lain,
06:01
that we all just said, "Let's do this.
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kami katakan, "Ayo kita kerjakan.
06:03
Let's work together,
and let's make this happen."
and let's make this happen."
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Ayo bekerja sama dan mewujudkannya."
06:05
But the problem is that the data
that all of us are using,
that all of us are using,
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Namun masalahnya adalah
data yang kami gunakan,
data yang kami gunakan,
06:08
Googling on the web, is just too limited
to do what we need to do.
to do what we need to do.
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hasil pencarian di internet,
terlalu terbatas untuk penelitian kami.
terlalu terbatas untuk penelitian kami.
06:12
And so many opportunities
get missed when that happens.
get missed when that happens.
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Jadinya, begitu banyak kesempatan
yang terlewatkan.
yang terlewatkan.
06:15
So in the early part
of the epidemic from Kenema,
of the epidemic from Kenema,
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Di awal terjadinya wabah di Kenema,
06:17
we'd had 106 clinical records
from patients,
from patients,
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kami memiliki rekaman klinis
dari 106 pasien,
dari 106 pasien,
06:20
and we once again made that
publicly available to the world.
publicly available to the world.
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dan lagi-lagi kami membukanya
untuk publik.
untuk publik.
06:23
And in our own lab, we could show
that you could take those 106 records,
that you could take those 106 records,
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Di lab kami, Anda bisa mengambil
106 rekaman tersebut,
106 rekaman tersebut,
06:26
we could train computers to predict
the prognosis for Ebola patients
the prognosis for Ebola patients
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dan memprogram komputer untuk memprediksi
prognosa pasien Ebola
prognosa pasien Ebola
06:30
to near 100 percent accuracy.
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dengan akurasi hampir 100%.
06:32
And we made an app
that could release that,
that could release that,
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Kami membuat aplikasi
untuk mengumumkannya
untuk mengumumkannya
06:34
to make that available
to health-care workers in the field.
to health-care workers in the field.
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dan membaginya dengan
pekerja medis di lapangan.
pekerja medis di lapangan.
06:37
But 106 is just not enough
to make it powerful,
to make it powerful,
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Namun 106 prognosa tidak cukup kuat,
untuk keabsahannya.
06:40
to validate it.
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Maka kami menunggu lebih banyak data
untuk mempublikasikannya.
untuk mempublikasikannya.
06:41
So we were waiting for more data
to release that.
to release that.
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06:44
and the data has still not come.
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Namun datanya tidak juga datang.
Kami masih menunggu, mengutak-atik,
06:46
We are still waiting, tweaking away,
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06:49
in silos rather than working together.
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sendiri alih-alih bekerja sama.
06:51
And this just -- we can't accept that.
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Semestinya tidak begini.
06:54
Right? You, all of you,
cannot accept that.
cannot accept that.
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Anda semua tidak bisa menerimanya,
bukan?
bukan?
06:58
It's our lives on the line.
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Nyawa kami taruhannya.
06:59
And in fact, actually,
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Dan sebenarnya,
07:01
many lives were lost,
many health-care workers,
many health-care workers,
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banyak pekerja medis yang gugur
07:04
including beloved colleagues of mine,
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termasuk kolega saya,
07:05
five colleagues:
Mbalu Fonnie, Alex Moigboi,
Mbalu Fonnie, Alex Moigboi,
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5 orang: Mbalu Fonnie, Alex Moigbol,
07:09
Dr. Humarr Khan, Alice Kovoma
and Mohamed Fullah.
and Mohamed Fullah.
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Dr. Humarr Khan, Alice Kovoma
dan Mohamed Fullah.
dan Mohamed Fullah.
07:13
These are just five
of many health-care workers
of many health-care workers
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Ini hanya 5 orang
dari banyak pekerja medis
dari banyak pekerja medis
07:16
at Kenema and beyond
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di Kenema dan sekitarnya
07:18
that died while the world waited
and while we all worked,
and while we all worked,
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yang meninggal saat dunia hanya menunggu
ketika kami bekerja,
ketika kami bekerja,
07:21
quietly and separately.
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dalam diam dan kesendirian.
07:23
See, Ebola, like all threats to humanity,
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Ebola, seperti ancaman kemanusiaan lain,
07:25
it's fueled by mistrust
and distraction and division.
and distraction and division.
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dikompori oleh ketidakpercayaan,
pengalihan isu, dan pengkotak-kotakan.
pengalihan isu, dan pengkotak-kotakan.
07:29
When we build barriers amongst ourselves
and we fight amongst ourselves,
and we fight amongst ourselves,
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Ketika kita membangun batas dan
pertengkaran antara kita,
pertengkaran antara kita,
07:32
the virus thrives.
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virus terus tumbuh dengan subur.
Tidak seperti ancaman kemanusian lain,
07:34
But unlike all threats to humanity,
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07:36
Ebola is one where
we're actually all the same.
we're actually all the same.
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dalam kasus Ebola, kita semua sama.
07:39
We're all in this fight together.
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Ini pertempuran kita bersama.
07:41
Ebola on one person's doorstep
could soon be on ours.
could soon be on ours.
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Ebola yang menyerang seseorang
bisa menjangkiti kita.
bisa menjangkiti kita.
07:44
And so in this place
with the same vulnerabilities,
with the same vulnerabilities,
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Di tempat dengan kerawanan yang sama,
07:47
the same strengths,
the same fears, the same hopes,
the same fears, the same hopes,
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kekuatan, ketakutan,
dan harapan yang sama,
dan harapan yang sama,
07:49
I hope that we work together with joy.
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saya berharap kita bisa bekerjasama
dengan suka cita.
dengan suka cita.
07:54
A graduate student of mine
was reading a book about Sierra Leone,
was reading a book about Sierra Leone,
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Mahasiswa pasca sarjana saya
membaca buku tentang Sierra Leone
membaca buku tentang Sierra Leone
07:57
and she discovered that the word "Kenema,"
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dan ia menemukan kata "Kenema,"
07:59
the hospital that we work at and the city
where we work in Sierra Leone,
where we work in Sierra Leone,
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rumah sakit dan kota tempat
saya bekerja di Sierra Leone,
saya bekerja di Sierra Leone,
dinamai dalam bahasa Mende yang artinya,
"jernih seperti sungai,
"jernih seperti sungai,
08:03
is named after the Mende word
for "clear like a river, translucent
for "clear like a river, translucent
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bening dan terbuka untuk umum."
08:07
and open to the public gaze."
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08:09
That was really profound for us,
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Ini bermakna dalam bagi kami,
08:11
because without knowing it,
we'd always felt
we'd always felt
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Karena tanpa sadar, kami selalu merasa
08:13
that in order to honor the individuals
in Kenema where we worked,
in Kenema where we worked,
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bahwa untuk menghargai penduduk Kenema
tempat kami bekerja,
tempat kami bekerja,
08:16
we had to work openly, we had to share
and we had to work together.
and we had to work together.
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kami harus terbuka, berbagi
dan bekerja sama.
dan bekerja sama.
08:21
And we have to do that.
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Kami mesti melakukannya.
08:22
We all have to demand that
of ourselves and others --
of ourselves and others --
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Kami harus berusaha bahwa
kami dan siapa saja --
kami dan siapa saja --
08:26
to be open to each other
when an outbreak happens,
when an outbreak happens,
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mesti terbuka satu sama lain
ketika wabah terjadi,
ketika wabah terjadi,
08:28
to fight in this fight together.
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untuk memeranginya bersama.
08:30
Because this is not the first
outbreak of Ebola,
outbreak of Ebola,
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Karena ini bukan wabah Ebola pertama,
08:33
it will not be the last,
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dan bukan yang terakhir,
08:35
and there are many other microbes
out there that are lying in wait,
out there that are lying in wait,
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banyak mikroba di luar sana
yang sedang menunggu,
yang sedang menunggu,
08:38
like Lassa virus and others.
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seperti virus Lassa, dll.
08:39
And the next time this happens,
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Apabila ini terjadi lagi,
08:41
it could happen in a city of millions,
it could start there.
it could start there.
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bisa saja mulai terjadi di
kota dengan jutaan penduduk.
kota dengan jutaan penduduk.
08:44
It could be something
that's transmitted through the air.
that's transmitted through the air.
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Bisa jadi ditularkan lewat udara.
Bahkan bisa juga disebarkan
dengan sengaja.
dengan sengaja.
08:47
It could even be
disseminated intentionally.
disseminated intentionally.
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08:49
And I know that that is frightening,
I understand that,
I understand that,
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Saya tahu itu menakutkan, saya paham,
08:52
but I know also,
and this experience shows us,
and this experience shows us,
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tapi saya tahu,
pengalaman ini mengajarkan kita,
pengalaman ini mengajarkan kita,
08:54
that we have the technology
and we have the capacity
and we have the capacity
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bahwa kita punya teknologi dan kemampuan
08:58
to win this thing,
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untuk berhasil melawannya,
08:59
to win this and have
the upper hand over viruses.
the upper hand over viruses.
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dan mampu menangani virus,
09:02
But we can only do it if we do it together
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Namun kita hanya bisa melakukannya bersama
dan dengan suka cita.
09:05
and we do it with joy.
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09:06
So for Dr. Khan
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Maka untuk Dr. Khan
09:08
and for all of those who sacrificed
their lives on the front lines
their lives on the front lines
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dan semua yang telah berkorban
di garis depan
di garis depan
09:12
in this fight with us always,
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dalam perlawanan ini bersama kami,
09:15
let us be in this fight with them always.
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mari kita selalu berjuang.
09:17
And let us not let the world be defined
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Dan jangan kita biarkan dunia dibatasi
09:19
by the destruction wrought by one virus,
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oleh kehancuran yang
disebabkan satu virus,
disebabkan satu virus,
09:21
but illuminated by billions
of hearts and minds
of hearts and minds
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namun diterangi oleh milyaran
jiwa dan pikiran
jiwa dan pikiran
09:24
working in unity.
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yang bekerja bersama.
09:25
Thank you.
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Terima kasih.
(Tepuk tangan)
09:27
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Pardis Sabeti - Computational geneticistPardis Sabeti investigates the genomes of microbes, including the Ebola virus, to help understand how to slow them.
Why you should listen
Pardis Sabeti develops algorithms to detect the genetic signatures of adaption in humans and the microbial organisms that infect humans. Among her lab’s key research areas: examining the genetic factors that drive disease susceptibility to Ebola and Lassa hemorrhagic fever, and investigating the genomes of microbes, including Lassa virus, Ebola virus, Plasmodium falciparum malaria, Vibrio cholera and Mycobacterioum tuberculosis, to help find cures.
She's based at the Center for Systems Biology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology at Harvard and the Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease at the Harvard School of Public Health. Sabeti is a National Geographic Emerging Explorer and was named a Time magazine Person of the Year in 2014 as one of the Ebola fighters.Pardis Sabeti | Speaker | TED.com