TED2009
Kamal Meattle: How to grow fresh air
Kamal Meattle govori o tome kako uzgojiti vlastiti svježi zrak
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Istraživač Kamal Meattle pokazuje kako razmještanje tri obične kućne biljke, koje se postavljaju na određena mjesta u kući ili uredu, može rezultirati vidno čistijem zrakom u zatvorenom prostoru.
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activist
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
With its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Some 17 years ago, I became allergic to Delhi's air.
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Prije kojih 17 godina, Postao sam alergičan na zrak Delhija.
00:17
My doctors told me that my lung capacity
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Moji doktori su rekli kako se kapacitet mojih pluća
00:20
had gone down to 70 percent,
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smanjio na 70%,
00:22
and it was killing me.
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i kako me to ubija.
00:23
With the help of IIT,
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Uz pomoć IIT-a (Indian Institute of Technology),
00:26
TERI, and learnings from NASA,
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TERI (The Energy and Resources Institute), i učeći od NASA-e,
00:28
we discovered that there are three
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otkrili smo kako postoje tri
00:31
basic green plants,
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osnovne lisnate biljke,
00:33
common green plants, with which
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obične zelene biljke, s kojima
00:35
we can grow all the fresh air
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možete uzgojiti sviježi zrak
00:36
we need indoors to keep us healthy.
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koji nam je potreban u unutrašnjosti kako bi ostali zdravi.
00:39
We've also found that you can
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Također smo otkrili da možete
00:41
reduce the fresh air requirements
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smanjiti potrebe za sviježim zrakom
00:43
into the building, while maintaining
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u zgradama, a ipak zadržati
00:45
industry indoor air-quality standards.
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industrijski standard kvalitete zraka u prostorijama.
00:48
The three plants are Areca palm,
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Tri biljke su:palma Areca ,
00:50
Mother-in-Law's Tongue and money plant.
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Sabljica (ili Svekrvin jezik) i Đavolji bršljan.
00:54
The botanical names are in front of you.
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Botanička imena su ispred vas.
00:58
Areca palm is a plant which
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Palma Areca je biljka koja
01:00
removes CO2 and converts it into oxygen.
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uklanja CO2 i pretvara ga u kisik.
01:04
We need four shoulder-high plants per person,
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Potrebne su nam četiri biljke do visine ramena po jednoj osobi,
01:08
and in terms of plant care,
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a što se tiče brige o biljkama,
01:10
we need to wipe the leaves
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moramo brisati lišće
01:11
every day in Delhi, and perhaps
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svaki dan u Delhiju, a možda samo
01:13
once a week in cleaner-air cities.
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jednom tjedno u gradovima sa čišćim zrakom.
01:15
We had to grow them in vermi manure,
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Morali smo ih održavati organskim gnojivom,
01:18
which is sterile, or hydroponics,
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koje je sterilno, ili hidroponima,
01:21
and take them outdoors every three to four months.
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i iznositi van svaka tri do četiri mjeseca.
01:25
The second plant is Mother-in-law's Tongue,
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Druga biljka je Sabljica ili Svekrvin jezik,
01:28
which is again a very common plant,
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koja je također prilično uobičajena biljka,
01:30
and we call it a bedroom plant,
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i mi je nazivamo biljka za spavaću sobu,
01:32
because it converts CO2 into oxygen at night.
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jer pretvara CO2 u kisik preko noći.
01:35
And we need six to eight waist-high plants per person.
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I treba sam 6-8 do struka visokih biljaka po osobi.
01:40
The third plant is money plant,
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Treća biljka je Đavolji bršljen,
01:42
and this is again a very common plant;
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i to je prilično uobičajena biljka;
01:45
preferably grows in hydroponics.
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po mogućnosti uzgajana u hidroponima.
01:48
And this particular plant removes formaldehydes
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A ova posebna biljka uklanja formaldehide
01:51
and other volatile chemicals.
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i ostale štetne kemikalije.
01:52
With these three plants,
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S te tri biljke,
01:54
you can grow all the fresh air you need.
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možete uzgojiti sav svježi zrak koji vam je potreban.
01:56
In fact, you could be in a bottle
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U stvari, mogli biste biti u boci
01:58
with a cap on top, and you would not die at all,
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sa čepom na vrhu, i ne biste umrli,
02:02
and you would not need any fresh air.
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i ne bi vam bio potreban svježi zrak.
02:05
We have tried these plants at our
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Mi smo iskušali te biljke u našoj
02:07
own building in Delhi, which is a
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vlastitoj zgradi u Delhiju, koja ima površinu
02:10
50,000-square-feet, 20-year-old building.
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4,645 m2 i 20 godina stara.
02:13
And it has close to 1,200 such plants for 300 occupants.
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U njoj je blizu 1,200 ovakvih biljaka za 300 stanara.
02:17
Our studies have found that there is
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Naša istraživanja su otkrila kako postoji
02:19
a 42 percent probability of one's blood oxygen
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42% vjerojatnosti da se razina kisika u krvi
02:23
going up by one percent if one stays indoors
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poveća za 1% ako ostanete unutar
02:25
in this building for 10 hours.
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te zgrade 10 sati.
02:28
The government of India has discovered
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Vlada Indije je otkrila
02:31
or published a study to show
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i publicirala istraživanje kako bi pokazala
02:33
that this is the healthiest building in New Delhi.
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kako je to najzdravija zgrada u New Delhiju.
02:36
And the study showed that,
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I istraživanje je pokazalo kako je,
02:39
compared to other buildings,
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u usporedbi s drugim zgradama,
02:40
there is a reduced incidence of
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smanjena pojava
02:42
eye irritation by 52 percent,
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iritacije očiju za 52%,
02:44
respiratory systems by 34 percent,
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problema s dišnim organima za 34%,
02:48
headaches by 24 percent,
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glavobolja za 24%,
02:49
lung impairment by 12 percent and asthma by nine percent.
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problema s plućima za 12% i astme za 9%.
02:53
And this study has been published on September 8, 2008,
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To je istraživanje objavljeno 8. rujna 2008.,
02:57
and it's available on the government of India website.
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i dostupno je na web stranicama indijske vlade.
03:00
Our experience points to an
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Naše iskustvo upućuje na
03:02
amazing increase in human productivity
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nevjerojatano povećanje ljudske produktivnosti
03:06
by over 20 percent by using these plants.
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i to preko 20% kada se koriste te biljke.
03:09
And also a reduction in energy requirements in buildings
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Također se smanjuje upotreba energije u zgradi
03:13
by an outstanding 15 percent, because you need less fresh air.
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za izvanrednih 15%, jer trebate manje svježeg zraka.
03:19
We are now replicating this in a
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Sada pokušavamo primjeniti istu stvar
03:20
1.75-million-square-feet building,
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na zgradu od 162,580 m2,
03:23
which will have 60,000 indoor plants.
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koja će imati 60,000 ovih biljaka.
03:25
Why is this important?
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Zašto je to toliko važno?
03:27
It is also important for the environment,
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Važno je i zbog okoliša,
03:29
because the world's energy
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jer se očekuje da potrebe za
03:30
requirements are expected to grow
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energijom u svijetu rastu
03:32
by 30 percent in the next decade.
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za 30% u slijedećem desetljeću.
03:34
40 percent of the world's energy is taken
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40% svjetske energije se trenutno koristi
03:35
up by buildings currently,
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za građevine,
03:37
and 60 percent of the world's population
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a 60% svjetske populacije
03:39
will be living in buildings in cities
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živjeti će u zgradama u gradovima
03:42
with a population of over one million in the next 15 years.
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s više od milijun stanovnika u sljedećih 15 godina.
03:46
And there is a growing preference for living
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Raste i želja za življenjem
03:48
and working in air-conditioned places.
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i radom u klimatiziranim prostorima.
03:52
"Be the change you want to see in the world,"
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"Budite promjena koju želite vidjeti u svijetu.",
03:54
said Mahatma Gandhi.
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rekao je Mahatma Gandhi.
03:55
And thank you for listening.
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Hvala vam što ste me saslušali.
03:56
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Kamal Meattle - Business owner and activistWith its air-filtering plants and sustainable architecture, Kamal Meattle's office park in New Delhi is a model of green business. Meattle himself is a longtime activist for cleaning up India's air.
Why you should listen
Kamal Meattle has a vision to reshape commercial building in India using principles of green architecture and sustainable upkeep (including an air-cleaning system that involves massive banks of plants instead of massive banks of HVAC equipment). He started the Paharpur Business Centre and Software Technology Incubator Park (PBC-STIP), in New Delhi, in 1990 to provide "instant office" space to technology companies. PBC-STIP's website publishes its air quality index every day, and tracks its compliance to the 10 principles of the UN Global Compact, a corporate-citizenship initiative.
Meattle has long been a environmental activist in India. In the 1980s he helped India's apple industry develop less-wasteful packaging to help save acres of trees. He then began a campaign to help India's millions of scooter drivers use less oil. His next plan is to develop a larger version of PBC-STIP, making a green office accessible to more businesses in New Delhi and serving as an example of low-cost, low-energy office life.
Kamal Meattle | Speaker | TED.com