TED2015
Clint Smith: How to raise a black son in America
Klints Smits: Kā uzaudzināt melnādainu dēlu Amerikā
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Bērnībā mēs visi saņemam ieteikumus un pamācības, kas liekas dīvaini, pat mulsinoši. Jaunajam Klintam Smitam tas kļuva skaidrs kādā naktī, kad viņš tumšā autostāvvietā spēlējās ar ūdenspistolēm ar saviem baltādainajiem draugiem. Šajā izjustajā runā dzejnieks iezīmē sava tēva niknās un biedējošās reakcijas ainu.
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Growing up, I didn't always understand
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Uzaugot, es ne vienmēr sapratu,
00:15
why my parents made me
follow the rules that they did.
follow the rules that they did.
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kāpēc man jāievēro vecāku noteikumi.
00:17
Like, why did I really
have to mow the lawn?
have to mow the lawn?
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Piemēram, kāpēc man īstenībā
bija jāpļauj zāliens?
bija jāpļauj zāliens?
00:20
Why was homework really that important?
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Kāpēc mājas darbi bija tik svarīgi?
00:23
Why couldn't I put jelly beans
in my oatmeal?
in my oatmeal?
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Kāpēc auzu putrai
nevarēju piebērt konfektes?
nevarēju piebērt konfektes?
Mana bērnība bija pilna
ar šādiem jautājumiem,
ar šādiem jautājumiem,
00:27
My childhood was abound
with questions like this.
with questions like this.
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normālām bērnu lietām
un apjausmu, ka dažreiz
un apjausmu, ka dažreiz
00:30
Normal things about being a kid
and realizing that sometimes,
and realizing that sometimes,
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labāk paklausīt vecākiem,
pat īsti nesapratot kāpēc.
pat īsti nesapratot kāpēc.
00:34
it was best to listen to my parents
even when I didn't exactly understand why.
even when I didn't exactly understand why.
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00:38
And it's not that they didn't want
me to think critically.
me to think critically.
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Nav tā, ka man būtu bijis
liegts domāt kritiski.
liegts domāt kritiski.
00:41
Their parenting always sought
to reconcile the tension
to reconcile the tension
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Viņu audzināšana
allaž tiecās rast līdzsvaru
allaž tiecās rast līdzsvaru
starp to, lai viņu bērni saprastu,
kāda ir reālā pasaule,
kāda ir reālā pasaule,
00:44
between having my siblings and I
understand the realities of the world,
understand the realities of the world,
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00:47
while ensuring that we never accepted
the status quo as inevitable.
the status quo as inevitable.
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tajā pašā laikā gādājot, lai mēs nekad
nepieņemtu status quo kā neizbēgamu.
nepieņemtu status quo kā neizbēgamu.
00:51
I came to realize that this,
in and of itself,
in and of itself,
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Laika gaitā es sapratu,
ka tā pati par sevi
ka tā pati par sevi
bija ļoti mērķtiecīgs izglītošanas veids.
00:54
was a very purposeful form of education.
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Viens no maniem mīļākajiem izglītotājiem,
00:58
One of my favorite educators,
Brazilian author and scholar Paulo Freire,
Brazilian author and scholar Paulo Freire,
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brazīliešu rakstnieks un zinātnieks
Paulo Freire,
Paulo Freire,
01:02
speaks quite explicitly
about the need for education
about the need for education
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visai skaidri un gaiši runā
par to, ka izglītību jālieto kā rīku,
01:05
to be used as a tool for critical
awakening and shared humanity.
awakening and shared humanity.
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lai modinātu mūsos kritisko domāšanu
un kopēja cilvēcīguma apziņu.
un kopēja cilvēcīguma apziņu.
Savā slavenākajā grāmatā
„Apspiesto pedagoģija”
„Apspiesto pedagoģija”
01:09
In his most famous book,
"Pedagogy of the Oppressed,"
"Pedagogy of the Oppressed,"
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01:12
he states, "No one can be
authentically human
authentically human
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viņš raksta: „Neviens
nevar būt īsts cilvēks,
nevar būt īsts cilvēks,
kamēr viņš neļauj tādiem būt citiem.”
01:17
while he prevents others from being so."
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Pēdējā laikā daudz par to esmu domājis,
01:20
I've been thinking a lot about this
lately, this idea of humanity,
lately, this idea of humanity,
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par šo cilvēcīguma ideju,
01:23
and specifically, who in this world
is afforded the privilege
is afforded the privilege
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un sevišķi par to,
kuram šajā pasaulē ir privilēģija
kuram šajā pasaulē ir privilēģija
saukties par pilnvērtīgu cilvēku.
01:27
of being perceived as fully human.
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Pēdējo dažu mēnešu laikā
01:30
Over the course of
the past several months,
the past several months,
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pasaule ir skatījusies, kā neapbruņoti
melnādainie vīrieši un sievietes
melnādainie vīrieši un sievietes
01:32
the world has watched
as unarmed black men, and women,
as unarmed black men, and women,
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iet bojā no policistu
un civilo kārtības sargu rokām.
un civilo kārtības sargu rokām.
01:35
have had their lives taken
at the hands of police and vigilante.
at the hands of police and vigilante.
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Šie noteikumi un viss,
kas noticis pēc tam,
kas noticis pēc tam,
01:39
These events and all that
has transpired after them
has transpired after them
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atgrieza mani atpakaļ paša bērnībā
01:42
have brought me back to my own childhood
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01:44
and the decisions that my parents made
about raising a black boy in America
about raising a black boy in America
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pie lēmumiem, ko pieņēma mani vecāki
par melnādaina bērna audzināšanu Amerikā,
par melnādaina bērna audzināšanu Amerikā,
01:49
that growing up, I didn't always
understand in the way that I do now.
understand in the way that I do now.
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lēmumiem, kurus es tolaik ne vienmēr
sapratu tā, kā tos saprotu tagad.
sapratu tā, kā tos saprotu tagad.
Es domāju, cik gan smagi viņiem bija,
01:53
I think of how hard it must have been,
how profoundly unfair it must have felt
how profoundly unfair it must have felt
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cik ļoti netaisnīgi
viņiem lika justies tas,
viņiem lika justies tas,
01:58
for them to feel like they had
to strip away parts of my childhood
to strip away parts of my childhood
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ka viņiem jāatņem daļu no manas bērnības,
02:02
just so that I could come home at night.
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tikai lai vakarā es atgrieztos mājās.
Piemēram, es atceros, kā kādu nakti,
02:05
For example, I think of how one night,
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02:07
when I was around 12 years old, on an
overnight field trip to another city,
overnight field trip to another city,
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kad man bija aptuveni 12 gadi,
divu dienu ekskursijā uz citu pilsētu
mēs ar draugiem nopirkām ūdenspistoles
mēs ar draugiem nopirkām ūdenspistoles
02:11
my friends and I bought Super Soakers
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02:13
and turned the hotel parking lot
into our own water-filled battle zone.
into our own water-filled battle zone.
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un pārvērtām viesnīcas autostāvvietu
mūsu personīgajā ūdens kauju laukā.
mūsu personīgajā ūdens kauju laukā.
Mēs slēpāmies aiz mašīnām,
02:18
We hid behind cars,
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skrējām tumsā starp ielas laternām,
02:19
running through the darkness that
lay between the streetlights,
lay between the streetlights,
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piepildot laukumu
ar nerimstošiem smiekliem.
ar nerimstošiem smiekliem.
02:22
boundless laughter ubiquitous
across the pavement.
across the pavement.
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Bet jau pēc 10 minūtēm
02:26
But within 10 minutes,
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ārā iznāca mans tēvs,
sagrāba mani aiz rokas
sagrāba mani aiz rokas
02:28
my father came outside,
grabbed me by my forearm
grabbed me by my forearm
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un ar man svešu tvērienu
ievilka mani istabā.
ievilka mani istabā.
02:31
and led me into our room
with an unfamiliar grip.
with an unfamiliar grip.
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Pirms es paspēju ko pateikt,
02:34
Before I could say anything,
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pateikt, cik muļķīgi viņš
man licis izskatīties draugu acīs,
man licis izskatīties draugu acīs,
02:36
tell him how foolish he had
made me look in front of my friends,
made me look in front of my friends,
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viņš dzēlīgi pasmējās par to,
cik gan naivs es esmu.
cik gan naivs es esmu.
02:39
he derided me for being so naive.
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Viņš paskatījās man acīs
bailēm pārņemtu seju
bailēm pārņemtu seju
02:42
Looked me in the eye,
fear consuming his face,
fear consuming his face,
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02:47
and said, "Son, I'm sorry,
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un teica: „Dēls, man ļoti žēl,
02:49
but you can't act the same
as your white friends.
as your white friends.
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bet tu nevari darīt
tāpat kā tavi baltādainie draugi.
tāpat kā tavi baltādainie draugi.
02:52
You can't pretend to shoot guns.
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Tu nevari tēlot, ka šauj.
Tu nevari tumsā skraidīt apkārt.
Tu nevari tumsā skraidīt apkārt.
02:55
You can't run around in the dark.
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Tu nevari nekur slēpties.”
02:57
You can't hide behind anything
other than your own teeth."
other than your own teeth."
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Tagad es saprotu, cik viņš bija nobijies,
03:00
I know now how scared he must have been,
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cik viegli es būtu varējis
pazust nakts tukšumā,
pazust nakts tukšumā,
03:03
how easily I could have fallen
into the empty of the night,
into the empty of the night,
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kādam noturot šo ūdeni
03:07
that some man would mistake this water
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par labu iemeslu izbeigt mūsu spēli.
03:09
for a good reason to wash
all of this away.
all of this away.
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03:13
These are the sorts of messages I've been
inundated with my entire life:
inundated with my entire life:
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Visu dzīvi esmu klausījies
tādās pamācībās kā:
tādās pamācībās kā:
03:16
Always keep your hands where they
can see them, don't move too quickly,
can see them, don't move too quickly,
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vienmēr turi rokas tā,
lai tās būtu redzamas,
lai tās būtu redzamas,
nekusties pārāk ātri,
03:20
take off your hood when the sun goes down.
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novelc kapuci, kad saule noriet.
Mani vecāki savus bērnus
audzināja padomu bruņās,
audzināja padomu bruņās,
03:22
My parents raised me and my siblings
in an armor of advice,
in an armor of advice,
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03:25
an ocean of alarm bells so someone
wouldn't steal the breath from our lungs,
wouldn't steal the breath from our lungs,
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trauksmes zvanu jūrā tā, lai neviens
neatņemtu gaisu no mūsu plaušām,
neatņemtu gaisu no mūsu plaušām,
tā, lai no mums nepaliktu tikai atmiņas,
03:28
so that they wouldn't make
a memory of this skin.
a memory of this skin.
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03:31
So that we could be kids,
not casket or concrete.
not casket or concrete.
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tā, lai mēs būtu bērni,
nevis zārki vai urnas.
nevis zārki vai urnas.
03:33
And it's not because they thought it
would make us better than anyone else
would make us better than anyone else
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Un ne jau tāpēc, ka, viņuprāt,
tā mēs kļūtu labāki par citiem
tā mēs kļūtu labāki par citiem
viņi vienkārši gribēja,
lai mēs paliktu dzīvi.
lai mēs paliktu dzīvi.
03:37
it's simply because they wanted
to keep us alive.
to keep us alive.
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Visus manus melnādainos draugus
audzināja ar šo domu,
audzināja ar šo domu,
03:39
All of my black friends were raised
with the same message,
with the same message,
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ar morāli, ko mums nolasīja,
kad bijām gana pieauguši,
kad bijām gana pieauguši,
03:42
the talk, given to us
when we became old enough
when we became old enough
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lai mūs kļūdaini noturētu par naglām,
kas jāiedzen zemē,
kas jāiedzen zemē,
03:44
to be mistaken for a nail ready
to be hammered to the ground,
to be hammered to the ground,
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kad cilvēki lika vienādības zīmi
starp mūsu melatonīnu un bailēm.
starp mūsu melatonīnu un bailēm.
03:47
when people made our melanin
synonymous with something to be feared.
synonymous with something to be feared.
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Bet ko gan tas nodara bērnam —
03:52
But what does it do to a child
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uzaugšana zinot,
ka viņš nevar būt vienkārši bērns?
ka viņš nevar būt vienkārši bērns?
03:54
to grow up knowing that you
cannot simply be a child?
cannot simply be a child?
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Ka jaunības kaprīzes ir pārāk
bīstamas tavai dzīvībai,
bīstamas tavai dzīvībai,
03:58
That the whims of adolescence
are too dangerous for your breath,
are too dangerous for your breath,
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04:01
that you cannot simply be curious,
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ka nevari būt vienkārši ziņkārīgs,
04:02
that you are not afforded the luxury
of making a mistake,
of making a mistake,
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ka tev nav ļauts izdarīt kļūdu,
ka kāda aklie aizspriedumi
04:05
that someone's implicit bias
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var kļūt par cēloni tam,
ka no rīta vairs nepamosties.
ka no rīta vairs nepamosties.
04:07
might be the reason you don't
wake up in the morning.
wake up in the morning.
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04:10
But this cannot be what defines us.
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Bet tas nevar būt noteicošais.
04:11
Because we have parents
who raised us to understand
who raised us to understand
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Jo mums ir vecāki,
kuri audzināja mūs saprast,
kuri audzināja mūs saprast,
04:14
that our bodies weren't meant
for the backside of a bullet,
for the backside of a bullet,
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ka mūsu ķermenis nav domāts lodei,
04:17
but for flying kites and jumping rope,
and laughing until our stomachs burst.
and laughing until our stomachs burst.
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bet gan pūķiem un lecamauklām,
un smiekliem, līdz sāk sāpēt vēders.
un smiekliem, līdz sāk sāpēt vēders.
04:20
We had teachers who taught us
how to raise our hands in class,
how to raise our hands in class,
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Mums bija skolotāji,
kas mācīja mūs klasē celt rokas,
kas mācīja mūs klasē celt rokas,
04:23
and not just to signal surrender,
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— un ne tikai lai rādītu padošanos —
04:25
and that the only thing we should give up
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ka vienīgais, no kā mums ir jāatsakās,
04:27
is the idea that we
aren't worthy of this world.
aren't worthy of this world.
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ir doma, ka neesam šīs pasaules cienīgi.
Kad sakām, ka melno dzīvībām ir vērtība,
tas nav tāpēc, ka citu dzīvēm tās nav,
tas nav tāpēc, ka citu dzīvēm tās nav,
04:29
So when we say that black lives matter,
it's not because others don't,
it's not because others don't,
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04:33
it's simply because we must affirm that we
are worthy of existing without fear,
are worthy of existing without fear,
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bet gan tāpēc, ka mums jāpasaka,
ka esam cienīgi dzīvot bez bailēm,
ka esam cienīgi dzīvot bez bailēm,
04:36
when so many things tell us we are not.
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kad tik daudz kas mums saka, ka neesam.
04:38
I want to live in a world where my son
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Es gribu dzīvot pasaulē,
kur manu dēlu
kur manu dēlu
04:40
will not be presumed guilty
the moment he is born,
the moment he is born,
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neuzskatīs par vainīgu
kopš dzimšanas brīža,
kopš dzimšanas brīža,
kur rotaļlietu viņa rokās neuzskatīs
ne par ko citu kā vien par rotaļlietu.
ne par ko citu kā vien par rotaļlietu.
04:43
where a toy in his hand isn't mistaken
for anything other than a toy.
for anything other than a toy.
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Un es atsakos pieņemt,
ka nevaram pārvērst šo pasauli
ka nevaram pārvērst šo pasauli
04:47
And I refuse to accept that we can't
build this world into something new,
build this world into something new,
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04:50
some place where a child's name
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par vietu, kur bērna vārds
nav jāraksta uz t-krekla
vai kapakmens,
vai kapakmens,
04:52
doesn't have to be written
on a t-shirt, or a tombstone,
on a t-shirt, or a tombstone,
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kur cilvēka dzīves vērtību
04:54
where the value of someone's life
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04:56
isn't determined by anything other
than the fact that they had lungs,
than the fact that they had lungs,
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nenosaka nekas cits
kā vien tas, ka viņam ir plaušas,
kā vien tas, ka viņam ir plaušas,
05:00
a place where every single
one of us can breathe.
one of us can breathe.
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par vietu, kur ikkatrs no mums var elpot.
05:04
Thank you.
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Paldies.
(Aplausi)
05:05
(Applause)
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Clint Smith - Poet, educatorClint Smith's work blends art and activism.
Why you should listen
Clint Smith is a writer, teacher and doctoral candidate at Harvard University studying education, incarceration and inequality. Previously, he taught high school English in Prince George’s County, Maryland where, in 2013, he was named the Christine D. Sarbanes Teacher of the Year by the Maryland Humanities Council.
Clint is a 2014 National Poetry Slam champion, an Individual World Poetry Slam Finalist, and author of the poetry collection Counting Descent. He has received fellowships from the National Science Foundation, Cave Canem and the Callaloo Creative Writing Workshop. His writing has appeared in The New Yorker, The Guardian, Boston Review, American Poetry Review, Harvard Educational Review and elsewhere. He was born and raised in New Orleans, LA.
Clint Smith | Speaker | TED.com