TEDGlobal 2009
Shereen El Feki: Pop culture in the Arab world
Šerīna El Feki: Popkultūra arābu pasaulē
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TEDGlobal Universitātē Šerīna El Feki parāda, kā arābu kultūras aizgūst rietumu popkultūras elementus — mūzikas video, komiksus, pat Bārbiju, pievienojot kultūrai atbilstošās iezīmes. Hibridizēti mediji parāda, kā divas civilizācijas var līdzāspastāvēt saskaņā, tā vietā, lai būtu nošķirtas.
Shereen El Feki - Arab sexuality expert
Shereen El Feki works and writes on sexuality and social change in the Arab world. Full bio
Shereen El Feki works and writes on sexuality and social change in the Arab world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:17
Hello, everyone. Because this is my first time at TED,
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Sveiki visiem. Tā kā šī ir mana pirmā uzstāšanās TED,
00:21
I've decided to bring along an old friend
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esmu nolēmusi atvest sev līdzi veco draugu,
00:23
to help break the ice a bit.
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lai palīdzētu aizsākt sarunu.
00:27
Yes. That's right. This is Barbie.
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Jā. Tieši tā. Šī ir Bārbija.
00:30
She's 50 years old. And she's looking as young as ever.
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Viņai ir 50 gadi, un viņa joprojām izskatās tikpat jauna, kā vienmēr.
00:33
(Laughter)
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(Smiekli)
00:34
But I'd also like to introduce you to
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Taču es gribu jūs arī iepazīstināt
00:36
what may be an unfamiliar face.
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ar iespējams nepazīstamu seju.
00:40
This is Fulla. Fulla is the Arab world's answer to Barbie.
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Šī ir Fulla. Fulla ir arābu pasaules atbilde Bārbijai.
00:45
Now, according to proponents of the clash of civilizations,
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Saskaņā ar Civilizāciju sadursmes teorijas atbalstītājiem,
00:48
Barbie and Fulla occupy these completely separate spheres.
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Bārbija un Fulla dzīvo divās pilnīgi savrupās pasaulēs.
00:52
They have different interests. They have divergent values.
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Viņām ir dažādas intereses. Viņām ir pretrunīgas vērtības.
00:55
And should they ever come in contact ...
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Un ja viņas kādreiz satiktos...
00:58
well, I've got to tell you, it's just not going to be pretty.
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jāsaka, ka tas nebūtu patīkami.
01:01
My experience, however, in the Islamic world is very different.
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Kaut gan mana pieredze islāma pasaulē ir pavisam citāda.
01:05
Where I work, in the Arab region,
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Arābu reģionā, kurā strādāju es,
01:07
people are busy taking up Western innovations
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cilvēki aktīvi pārņem rietumu jaunievedumus
01:09
and changing them into things
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un pārveido tos par tādiem,
01:11
which are neither conventionally Western,
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kas nav nedz nosacīti rietumu,
01:13
nor are they traditionally Islamic.
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nedz arī tradicionāli islāma.
01:15
I want to show you two examples.
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Es gribu parādīt jums divus piemērus.
01:17
The first is 4Shbab.
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Pirmais ir 4Shbab.
01:19
It means "for youth" and it's a new Arab TV channel.
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Tas nozīmē „jaunatnei” un tas ir jaunais arābu TV kanāls.
01:23
(Video): Video clips from across the globe.
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(Video): Video klipi no visas pasaules.
01:26
The USA.
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ASV.
01:28
♫ I am not afraid to stand alone ♫
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♫ Es nebaidos palikt viens ♫
01:32
♫ I am not afraid to stand alone, if Allah is by my side ♫
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♫ Es nebaidos palikt viens, ja Allāhs ir ar mani ♫
01:36
♫ I am not afraid to stand alone ♫
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♫ Es nebaidos palikt viens ♫
01:39
♫ Everything will be all right ♫
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♫ Viss būs kārtībā ♫
01:41
♫ I am not afraid to stand alone ♫
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♫ Es nebaidos palikt viens ♫
01:43
The Arab world.
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Arābu pasaule.
01:46
(Music)
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(Mūzika)
02:00
♫ She was preserved by modesty of the religion ♫
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♫ Viņu pasargāja reliģijas tikumība ♫
02:04
♫ She was adorned by the light of the Quran ♫
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♫ Viņu izdaiļoja Korāna gaisma ♫
02:13
Shereen El Feki: 4Shbab has been dubbed Islamic MTV.
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Šerina El Feki: 4Shbab nodēvēja par islāma MTV.
02:17
Its creator, who is an Egyptian TV producer
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Tā veidotājs, ēģiptiešu TV producents
02:19
called Ahmed Abu Haïba,
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Ahmeds Abu Haiba,
02:21
wants young people to be inspired
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vēlas, lai jauni cilvēki iedvesmotos
02:23
by Islam to lead better lives.
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no islāma ceļā uz labāku dzīvi.
02:26
He reckons the best way to get that message across
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Viņš uzskata, ka labākais veids, kā izplatīt šo ideju,
02:28
is to use the enormously popular medium of music videos.
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ir izmantot mūzikas video jomas milzīgo popularitāti.
02:32
4Shbab was set up as an alternative
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4Shbab veidoja kā alternatīvu
02:35
to existing Arab music channels.
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esošajiem arābu mūzikas kanāliem.
02:37
And they look something like this.
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Tie izskatās apmēram šādi.
02:39
(Music)
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(Mūzika)
02:47
That, by the way is Haifa Wehbe. She's a Lebanese pop star
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Tā, starp citu, ir Haifa Vahbi. Viņa ir libāniešu popzvaigzne
02:50
and pan-Arab pin-up girl.
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un visā arābu pasaulē slavenā vāka meitene.
02:53
In the world of 4Shbab, it's not about bump and grind.
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4Shbab pasaulē runa nav tikai par gurnu grozīšanu un kratīšanu.
02:56
But it's not about fire and brimstone either.
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Taču runa nav arī par uguni un sēru.
02:59
Its videos are intended to show
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Tā video ir domāti, lai parādītu
03:01
a kinder, gentler face of Islam,
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islāma labsirdīgāko un cēlsirdīgāko seju
03:04
for young people to deal with life's challenges.
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jauniešiem, kuri saskaras ar dzīves izaicinājumiem.
03:07
Now, my second example is for a slightly younger crowd.
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Mans otrais piemērs ir nedaudz jaunākai auditorijai.
03:10
And it's called "The 99."
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To sauc „99”.
03:13
Now, these are the world's first Islamic superheroes.
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Šobrīd tie ir pasaules pirmie islāma supervaroņi.
03:16
They were created by a Kuwaiti psychologist
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Viņus radīja Kuveitas psihologs
03:18
called Naif Al Mutawa.
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Naifs Al Mutava.
03:20
And his desire is to rescue Islam
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Viņa vēlme ir izglābt islāmu
03:22
from images of intolerance,
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no neiecietības tēliem
03:24
all in a child-friendly format.
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bērniem draudzīgā formātā.
03:28
"The 99." The characters are meant to embody
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„99” varoņi iemieso
03:30
the 99 attributes of Allah:
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99 Allāha īpašības, piemēram:
03:33
justice, wisdom, mercy, among others.
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godīgumu, viedumu, žēlsirdību, kā arī citas.
03:36
So, for example, there is the character of Noora.
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Tāds, piemēram, ir Noras tēls.
03:40
She is meant to have the power
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Viņai piemīt spēja
03:42
to look inside people
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redzēt cauri cilvēkiem
03:44
and see the good and bad in everyone.
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un redzēt labo un slikto ikvienā.
03:47
Another character called Jami
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Citam varonim vārdā Džami
03:49
has the ability to create fantastic inventions.
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ir spēja radīt fantastiskus izgudrojumus.
03:53
Now, "The 99" is not just a comic book.
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„99" nav vienkārši komiksi,
03:55
It's now a theme park.
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uz to pamata ir izveidots arī atrakciju parks.
03:57
There is an animated series in the works.
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Ir iesākts arī veidot multfilmu.
03:59
And by this time next year,
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Un ap šo laiku nākamgad
04:01
the likes of Superman and Wonder Woman
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Supermenam un Brīnumsievietei līdzīgie varoņi
04:03
will have joined forces with "The 99"
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apvienos savus spēkus ar „99”,
04:05
to beat injustice wherever they find it.
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lai it visur uzveiktu netaisnību.
04:11
"The 99" and 4Shbab are just two of many examples
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„99” un 4Shbab ir tikai divi no daudzajiem piemēriem
04:14
of this sort of Islamic cross-cultural hybridization.
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no šāda veida islāma starpkultūru hibridizācijas.
04:18
We're not talking here about a clash of civilizations.
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Šeit nav runa par civilizāciju sadursmi.
04:21
Nor is it some sort of indistinguishable mash.
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Tas nav arī kaut kāds bezsakarīgs juceklis.
04:24
I like to think of it as a mesh of civilizations,
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Man patīk doma par to, kā civilizāciju tīklu,
04:27
in which the strands of different cultures are intertwined.
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kurā dažādu kultūru iezīmes savijas kopā.
04:31
Now, while 4Shbab and "The 99" may look new and shiny,
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Kaut arī 4Shbab un „99” izskatās kā kaut kas pavisam jauns,
04:34
there is actually a very long tradition of this.
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šāda veida tradīcija pastāv jau ļoti sen.
04:37
Throughout its history, Islam has borrowed and adapted from other civilizations
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Vēstures gaitā, islāms ir aizguvis un pielāgojis lietas no citām civilizācijām,
04:42
both ancient and modern.
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kā no senajām, tā arī no mūsdienu.
04:44
After all, it's the Quran which encourages us to do this:
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Galu galā, Korāns mūs mudina tā darīt:
04:49
"We made you into nations and tribes
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„Mēs padarījām jūs par tautām un ciltīm,
04:51
so that you could learn from one another."
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lai jūs varētu mācīties viens no otra.”
04:53
And to my mind, those are pretty wise words,
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Manuprāt, tie ir diezgan viedi vārdi,
04:56
no matter what your creed. Thank you.
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neatkarīgī no jūsu ticības. Paldies.
04:59
(Applause)
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(Aplausi)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Shereen El Feki - Arab sexuality expertShereen El Feki works and writes on sexuality and social change in the Arab world.
Why you should listen
Dividing her time between London and Cairo, TED Fellow Shereen El Feki works on issues related to health and social welfare in the Arab region -- including intimate attitudes toward sexual (and political) freedoms, as explored in her new book, Sex and the Citadel.
Half-Egyptian and half-Welsh, El Feki was brought up in Canada. She started her professional life in medical science, with a PhD in molecular immunology from the University of Cambridge, and later worked as healthcare correspondent at The Economist. She also is a former vice chair of the United Nations' Global Commission on HIV and Law. While she has worked in regional media as a presenter with the Al Jazeera Network, and continues to write on social issues in the Arab world, her passion lies in projects that aim to better understand, and surmount, the social challenges facing Arabs, particularly young people.
Read a Q&A with Sheeren El Feki on the TED Fellows site.
Shereen El Feki | Speaker | TED.com