ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ali Carr-Chellman - Instructional designer
Ali Carr-Chellman is an instructional designer and author who studies the most effective ways to teach kids and to make changes at school.

Why you should listen

A former third-grade teacher, Ali Carr-Chellman realized that traditional elementary classrooms weren't for her, in part because she was frustrated by the lack of innovation, agility, and readiness to change in traditional schools. She's now an instructional designer, author and educator, working on how to change and innovate within schools to make education work better for more kids. She teaches at Penn State University in the College of Education, working primarily with doctoral-level students to help produce the next generation of faculty with inspired research ideas and methods. Carr-Chellman also teaches online courses focused on helping practicing teachers learn how to improve their own instructional design practices and how to improve their classrooms.

Her recent research projects include "Bring Back the Boys," looking at ways gaming can be used to re-engage boys in their elementary education. Another projects asks prisoners and homeless people to think about how to reform schools, bringing new voices to the policy-making table.






More profile about the speaker
Ali Carr-Chellman | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxPSU

Ali Carr-Chellman: Gaming to re-engage boys in learning

阿里·卡·切尔曼Ali Carr-Chellman:男孩们通过打游戏激起对学习的热情

Filmed:
1,257,589 views

在TEDxPSU,当男孩们从学校辍学,阿里·卡·切尔曼Ali Carr-Chellman指出有三个原因,她还提出大胆的计划让男孩们重新获得学习的激情:将男孩文化带进教室,还有让男孩做他们想做的事的新准则,以及打游戏也可以寓教于乐。
- Instructional designer
Ali Carr-Chellman is an instructional designer and author who studies the most effective ways to teach kids and to make changes at school. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
So I'm here to tell you
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我在这儿是想告诉大家
00:17
that we have a problem问题 with boys男孩,
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我们的对男孩的教育有问题,
00:19
and it's a serious严重 problem问题 with boys男孩.
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男孩子的教育是个严重问题。
00:21
Their culture文化 isn't working加工 in schools学校,
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在学校,男孩文化没有形成。
00:24
and I'm going to share分享 with you
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我要和大家分享
00:26
ways方法 that we can think about overcoming克服 that problem问题.
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我们关于这一问题的解决方法。
00:29
First, I want to start开始 by saying, this is a boy男孩,
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首先,我首先想说,这是个男孩,
00:32
and this is a girl女孩,
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这是个女孩。
00:34
and this is probably大概 stereotypically刻板印象
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这可能是你刻板的
00:36
what you think of as a boy男孩 and a girl女孩.
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关于男孩和女孩的想法。
00:38
If I essentializeessentialize gender性别 for you today今天,
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如果我今天要讲性别的事,
00:40
then you can dismiss解雇 what I have to say.
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然后大家可能不会理睬我要说的。
00:42
So I'm not going to do that. I'm not interested有兴趣 in doing that.
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所以我不打算这样做,我对此也不感兴趣。
00:44
This is a different不同 kind of boy男孩 and a different不同 kind of girl女孩.
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这是一个与众不同的男孩,这是一个与众不同的女孩。
00:48
So the point here is that not all boys男孩
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我要指明的是并不是所有的男孩
00:50
exist存在 within these rigid死板 boundaries边界
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是按我们所想的男孩和女孩那样的严格界限
00:52
of what we think of as boys男孩 and girls女孩,
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来划分的。
00:55
and not all girls女孩 exist存在 within those rigid死板 boundaries边界
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也不是所有女孩可以用
00:57
of what we think of as girls女孩.
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我们想象中的女孩的界限来严格定义。
00:59
But, in fact事实, most boys男孩 tend趋向 to be a certain某些 way,
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但事实上,多数男孩朝着他们自己的方向发展,
01:02
and most girls女孩 tend趋向 to be a certain某些 way.
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大多数女孩也朝着另一方向发展。
01:04
And the point is that, for boys男孩,
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关键是,对男孩来说,
01:07
the way that they exist存在 and the culture文化 that they embrace拥抱
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对他们的认可和他们的这种男孩文化的认识
01:10
isn't working加工 well in schools学校 now.
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目前在学校都没有过多了解。
01:12
How do we know that?
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我们怎么知道这个事实呢?
01:14
The Hundred Girls女孩 Project项目
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100个女孩计划
01:16
tells告诉 us some really nice不错 statistics统计.
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告诉了我们一些真正有用的数据。
01:19
For example, for every一切 100 girls女孩 that are suspended暂停 from school学校,
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例如,当有100个女孩从学校停课,
01:22
there are 250 boys男孩 that are suspended暂停 from school学校.
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那就有250个男孩从学校停课。
01:25
For every一切 100 girls女孩 who are expelled开除 from school学校,
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每当有100个女孩被学校开除,
01:28
there are 335 boys男孩 who are expelled开除 from school学校.
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对应的男孩数是335个.
01:31
For every一切 100 girls女孩 in special特别 education教育,
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每当有100个女孩接受特殊教育,
01:33
there are 217 boys男孩.
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男孩数是217个。
01:35
For every一切 100 girls女孩 with a learning学习 disability失能,
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每100个女孩有学习障碍,
01:37
there are 276 boys男孩.
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男孩的对应数是276个。
01:40
For every一切 100 girls女孩
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每100女孩
01:42
with an emotional情绪化 disturbance骚乱 diagnosed确诊,
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有情绪紊乱症状,
01:44
we have 324 boys男孩.
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对应男孩数是324个。
01:46
And by the way, all of these numbers数字 are significantly显著 higher更高
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顺便提一下,
01:49
if you happen发生 to be black黑色,
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如果发生在黑人小孩,
01:51
if you happen发生 to be poor较差的,
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贫穷的小孩身上,
01:53
if you happen发生 to exist存在 in an overcrowded school学校.
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假如发生在拥挤不堪的学校上学的小孩身上,这所有数据还得更高。
01:57
And if you are a boy男孩,
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如果你是个男孩,
01:59
you're four times as likely容易
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你比女孩更有四倍的可能性
02:01
to be diagnosed确诊 with ADHD多动症 --
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被诊断出ADHD症状-
02:03
Attention注意 Deficit赤字 Hyperactivity肺热 Disorder紊乱.
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注意力缺乏(或多动)症状。
02:06
Now there is another另一个 side to this.
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现在讲到这还要提另一方面。
02:09
And it is important重要 that we recognize认识
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我们还要重视地认识到
02:12
that women妇女 still need help in school学校,
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在学校女性还需要帮助,
02:14
that salaries工资 are still significantly显著 lower降低,
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女性的工资还是相对地低,
02:16
even when controlled受控 for job工作 types类型,
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甚至在工作种类上女性选择面也小,
02:19
and that girls女孩 have continued继续 to struggle斗争
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女孩还一直
02:21
in math数学 and science科学 for years年份.
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在数学和科学领域中挣扎奋斗多年。
02:23
That's all true真正.
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这都是事实。
02:25
Nothing about that prevents防止 us
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但这不能阻止我们
02:27
from paying付款 attention注意 to the literacy读写能力 needs需求
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来关注
02:29
of our boys男孩 between之间 ages年龄 three and 13.
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年龄从3岁到13岁的男孩的扫盲问题。
02:31
And so we should.
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我们应该关注这些男孩的问题。
02:33
In fact事实, what we ought应该 to do is take a page from their playbook剧本,
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事实上,我们要做的是站在男孩的立场来思考解决问题,
02:36
because the initiatives倡议 and programs程式
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因为在学校已设置的初级教学和
02:38
that have been set in place地点
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课程计划
02:40
for women妇女 in science科学 and engineering工程 and mathematics数学
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适合女孩在科学,工程学和数学方面
02:42
are fantastic奇妙.
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有杰出表现。
02:44
They've他们已经 doneDONE a lot of good
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他们在这些情形下为女孩子
02:46
for girls女孩 in these situations情况,
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作了很多好事。
02:48
and we ought应该 to be thinking思维 about
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我们该考虑一下
02:50
how we can make that happen发生 for boys男孩 too
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我们该怎样让男孩在他们年少时也
02:52
in their younger更年轻 years年份.
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受到同样的待遇。
02:54
Even in their older旧的 years年份,
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甚至在他们长大的岁月中,
02:56
what we find is that there's still a problem问题.
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我们发现还是有问题的。
02:58
When we look at the universities高校,
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当我们环顾大学,
03:00
60 percent百分 of baccalaureate学士学位 degrees are going to women妇女 now,
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目前女性占60%的本科学历的人数,
03:03
which哪一个 is a significant重大 shift转移.
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这是个巨大的转变。
03:05
And in fact事实, university大学 administrators管理员
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实际上,大学的主管们
03:07
are a little uncomfortable不舒服 about the idea理念
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对此感到有点不安,
03:09
that we may可能 be getting得到 close to 70 percent百分
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要是在大学,
03:11
female population人口 in universities高校.
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女性占总人数的70%。
03:13
This makes品牌 university大学 administrators管理员 very nervous紧张,
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这数据让大学主管们非常紧张,
03:16
because girls女孩 don't want to go to schools学校 that don't have boys男孩.
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因为女孩也不想去没有男孩的学校上学。
03:21
And so we're starting开始 to see the establishment编制
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所以我们开始看到
03:24
of men男人 centers中心 and men男人 studies学习
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男性中心和男性研究的建立
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to think about how do we engage从事 men男人
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来思考怎样让男性
03:28
in their experiences经验 in the university大学.
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在大学中活跃起来。
03:30
If you talk to faculty学院, they may可能 say,
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如果你跟教员谈话,他们会说,
03:32
"Ugh. Yeah, well, they're playing播放 video视频 games游戏,
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“啊,是的,男孩爱打视频游戏,
03:35
and they're gambling赌博 online线上 all night long,
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他们通宵网上赌博,
03:38
and they're playing播放 World世界 of Warcraft魔兽,
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还爱玩魔兽世界。
03:40
and that's affecting影响
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这些都影响了
03:42
their academic学术的 achievement成就."
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他们学术成绩。”
03:45
Guess猜测 what?
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猜怎么了?
03:47
Video视频 games游戏 are not the cause原因.
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视频游戏不是主要原因。
03:49
Video视频 games游戏 are a symptom症状.
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视频游戏是一个征兆。
03:51
They were turned转身 off a long time
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在男孩打游戏前,他们已经很长时间
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before they got here.
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对学习都不感兴趣了。
03:56
So let's talk about why they got turned转身 off
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让我们谈谈,当他们在3岁到13岁间,
03:58
when they were between之间 the ages年龄 of three and 13.
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他们为什么对学习不感兴趣呢?
04:01
There are three reasons原因 that I believe
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我认为有三个原因
04:03
that boys男孩 are out of sync同步
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让男孩们与今天的学校教育
04:05
with the culture文化 of schools学校 today今天.
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脱节。
04:07
The first is zero tolerance公差.
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第一个是零容忍。
04:10
A kindergarten幼儿园 teacher老师 I know,
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我认识的一名幼儿园教师,
04:12
her son儿子 donated捐赠 all of his toys玩具 to her,
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她儿子得上缴他所有的玩具,
04:15
and when he did, she had to go through通过
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然后,她得一一检查
04:18
and pull out all the little plastic塑料 guns枪炮.
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把所有的小塑料枪都拿走。
04:22
You can't have plastic塑料 knives and swords and axes
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在幼儿园教室,
04:24
and all that kind of thing
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不能有塑料刀,剑和斧子
04:26
in a kindergarten幼儿园 classroom课堂.
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以及类似的东西。
04:28
What is it that we're afraid害怕 that this young年轻 man is going to do with this gun?
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年轻人要是有枪,我们要担心的是什么?
04:31
I mean, really.
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我是说,真的。
04:33
But here he stands站立 as testament遗嘱
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但这儿男孩得面对的事实是
04:36
to the fact事实 that you can't roughhouse打闹 on the playground操场 today今天.
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今天他们不能在操场玩耍打闹。
04:39
Now I'm not advocating主张 for bullies恶霸.
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我这不是鼓动要持强凌弱。
04:41
I'm not suggesting提示
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我也不是推荐
04:43
that we need to be allowing允许 guns枪炮 and knives into school学校.
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在学校容许男孩携带枪和小刀。
04:46
But when we say
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但我想说
04:48
that an Eagle Scout侦察 in a high school学校 classroom课堂
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高中班级中的老鹰童子军
04:50
who has a locked锁定 parked car汽车 in the parking停車處 lot
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在停车场停放的车里
04:52
and a penknife小刀 in it
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要是有把刀,
04:54
has to be suspended暂停 from school学校,
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就得被勒令休学,
04:56
I think we may可能 have gone走了 a little too far with zero tolerance公差.
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我认为我们可能在零容忍度方面做得有点过火。
04:59
Another另一个 way that zero tolerance公差 lives生活 itself本身 out is in the writing写作 of boys男孩.
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另一种在生活中的零容忍度是有关男孩的写作。
05:02
In a lot of classrooms教室 today今天
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今天在很多课堂,
05:04
you're not allowed允许 to write about anything that's violent暴力.
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你不能写有关暴力的任何东西。
05:06
You're not allowed允许 to write about anything
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你不能写
05:08
that has to do with video视频 games游戏 -- these topics主题 are banned取缔.
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涉及视频游戏的任何东西,这些话题是被禁止的。
05:11
Boy男孩 comes home from school学校, and he says,
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男孩从学校回来,他说,
05:13
"I hate讨厌 writing写作."
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“我讨厌写作。”
05:15
"Why do you hate讨厌 writing写作, son儿子? What's wrong错误 with writing写作?"
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“儿子,你为什么讨厌写作?到底怎么了?”
05:17
"Now I have to write what she tells告诉 me to write."
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“现在我得写女教师吩咐我写的素材。”
05:20
"Okay, what is she telling告诉 you to write?"
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“哦,她让你写什么?”
05:23
"Poems. I have to write poems.
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“诗歌。我得写诗歌。
05:25
And little moments瞬间 in my life.
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一生中我很少写这话题。
05:27
I don't want to write that stuff东东."
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我不想写诗歌。”
05:29
"All right. Well, what do you want to write? What do you want to write about?"
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“好吧。那你想写什么?有什么好写的?”
05:32
"I want to write about video视频 games游戏. I want to write about leveling-up整平机.
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“我想写有关视频游戏。我想写如何练级。
05:35
I want to write about this really interesting有趣 world世界.
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我想写这真正有意思的游戏世界。
05:37
I want to write about a tornado龙卷风 that comes into our house
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我想写龙卷风来到我家,
05:40
and blows打击 all the windows视窗 out
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把所有的窗户吹跑,,
05:42
and ruins废墟 all the furniture家具 and kills杀死 everybody每个人."
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毁坏所有的家具,然后杀死了所有人。”
05:44
"All right. Okay."
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“好的。”
05:46
You tell a teacher老师 that,
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你要告诉一位老师这个,
05:48
and they'll他们会 ask you, in all seriousness严肃,
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她们会非常严肃地会问你,
05:51
"Should we send发送 this child儿童 to the psychologist心理学家?"
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“我们是不是应该送这小孩到心理学家那?”
05:54
And the answer回答 is no, he's just a boy男孩.
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答案是不应该,他只是个男孩。
05:57
He's just a little boy男孩.
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他只是个小男孩。
06:00
It's not okay to write these kinds of things
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现在在课堂上
06:02
in classrooms教室 today今天.
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还不能写这些东西。
06:04
So that's the first reason原因:
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所以这是第一个原因:
06:06
zero tolerance公差 policies政策 and the way they're lived生活 out.
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零容忍政策和他们所处的环境不容许男孩文化的发生。
06:08
The next下一个 reason原因 that boys'男孩 cultures文化 are out of sync同步 with school学校 cultures文化:
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第二个原因是男孩文化与学校文化相脱节:
06:11
there are fewer male teachers教师.
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有很少的男性教师。
06:13
Anybody任何人 who's谁是 over 15 doesn't know what this means手段,
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任何超过15岁的人对此不了解,
06:16
because in the last 10 years年份,
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因为在过去10年里,
06:18
the number of elementary初级 school学校 classroom课堂 teachers教师
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男性在小学教师课堂里的数量
06:20
has been cut in half.
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已经被减半。
06:22
We went from 14 percent百分
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男性比重从14%
06:24
to seven percent百分.
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降到7%。
06:26
That means手段 that 93 percent百分 of the teachers教师
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这意味着93%的老师
06:28
that our young年轻 men男人 get in elementary初级 classrooms教室
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在年轻男孩上的小学课堂里
06:30
are women妇女.
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是女老师。
06:32
Now what's the problem问题 with this?
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那么这又有什么问题呢?
06:34
Women妇女 are great. Yep是的, absolutely绝对.
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女老师很棒。是的,的确。
06:36
But male role角色 models楷模 for boys男孩
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但是男性角色模范对于男孩
06:39
that say it's all right to be smart聪明 --
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来说,它可以让男孩变聪明。
06:41
they've他们已经 got dads爸爸, they've他们已经 got pastors牧师,
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男孩有父亲,有牧师,
06:43
they've他们已经 got Cub幼兽 Scout侦察 leaders领导者,
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和童子军导师,
06:45
but ultimately最终, six hours小时 a day, five days a week
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但归根结底,每天6小时,每周五天,
06:48
they're spending开支 in a classroom课堂,
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男孩都在课堂上度过。
06:50
and most of those classrooms教室
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多数那些课程
06:52
are not places地方 where men男人 exist存在.
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不适合男人。
06:54
And so they say, I guess猜测 this really isn't a place地点 for boys男孩.
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如此,我猜这课堂也不太适合男孩去上。
06:57
This is a place地点 for girls女孩.
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这课堂适合女孩上。
06:59
And I'm not very good at this,
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我却不擅长,
07:01
so I guess猜测 I'd better
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我觉得我最好
07:03
go play video视频 games游戏 or get into sports体育, or something like that,
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去玩视频游戏或者玩体育,或者类似的什么事,
07:06
because I obviously明显 don't belong属于 here.
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因为我很明显与学校文化格格不入。
07:08
Men男人 don't belong属于 here, that's pretty漂亮 obvious明显.
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学校文化也不包括男人,这是很明显的。
07:10
So that may可能 be a very direct直接 way
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所以这可能是一种很直接的方式
07:12
that we see it happen发生.
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让我们看到正在发生的事实。
07:14
But less directly,
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但不那么直接地,
07:16
the lack缺乏 of male presence存在 in the culture文化 --
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是在学校文化中缺少男性--
07:19
you've got a teachers'教师' lounge休息室,
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你要是待在教师休息室,
07:21
and they're having a conversation会话
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老师们正谈论
07:23
about Joey乔伊 and Johnny约翰尼 who beat击败 each other up on the playground操场.
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在操场打起架来的乔伊和约翰。
07:26
"What are we going to do with these boys男孩?"
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“我们要拿这些男孩怎么办?”
07:28
The answer回答 to that question changes变化 depending根据 on who's谁是 sitting坐在 around that table.
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问题的答案取决于谁当时在场。
07:31
Are there men男人 around that table?
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有任何男性在场吗?
07:33
Are there moms妈妈 who've谁一直 raised上调 boys男孩 around that table?
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这些孩子的母亲在场吗?
07:36
You'll你会 see, the conversation会话 changes变化
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大家可以看出,这谈论会
07:38
depending根据 upon who's谁是 sitting坐在 around the table.
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随谁当时在场而改变。
07:40
Third第三 reason原因 that boys男孩 are out of sync同步 with school学校 today今天:
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第三个原因是男孩与我们今日的学校相脱节:
07:43
kindergarten幼儿园 is the old second第二 grade年级, folks乡亲.
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幼儿园是一种过时的脱节教育。
07:46
We have a serious严重 compression压缩 of the curriculum课程 happening事件 out there.
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我们教学课程中有严重的压缩问题。
07:50
When you're three, you better be able能够 to write your name名称 legibly易读地,
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当孩子三岁时,他们最好能清楚地写下他们的名字,
07:52
or else其他 we'll consider考虑 it a developmental发展的 delay延迟.
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要不我们会认为这是发育迟缓。
07:55
By the time you're in first grade年级,
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到孩子小学一年级时,
07:57
you should be able能够 to read paragraphs段落 of text文本
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他们应该能读
08:00
with maybe a picture图片, maybe not,
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带图的,或者不带图的课文里的段落,
08:02
in a book of maybe 25 to 30 pages网页.
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这本书大概有25-30页。
08:04
If you don't, we're probably大概 going to be putting you
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如果孩子做不到,老师很可能把这孩子
08:06
into a Title标题 1 special特别 reading program程序.
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送到编号一的特殊阅读计划班。
08:08
And if you ask Title标题 1 teachers教师, they'll他们会 tell you
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如果问问这班的老师们,她们会告诉你:
08:10
they've他们已经 got about four or five boys男孩 for every一切 girl女孩 that's in their program程序,
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在这个低年级的特殊阅读计划班里,
08:13
in the elementary初级 grades等级.
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每当有1个女孩就对等的有4到5个男孩。
08:15
The reason原因 that this is a problem问题
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这问题是
08:18
is because the message信息 that boys男孩 are getting得到
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因为男孩得到的教育
08:21
is "you need to do
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是“在上学间,你就需要做
08:23
what the teacher老师 asks you to do all the time."
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老师吩咐你做的事。”
08:26
The teacher's教师 salary薪水 depends依靠
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老师的工资取决于
08:29
on "No Child儿童 Left Behind背后" and "Race种族 to the Top最佳"
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让学生考试名列前茅,不让一个孩子掉队,
08:31
and accountability问责 and testing测试
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并负有责任和大大小小测试
08:33
and all of this.
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以及类似这样的事。
08:35
So she has to figure数字 out a way
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所以她得想方设法地
08:37
to get all these boys男孩 through通过 this curriculum课程 --
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让这些男孩和女孩
08:40
and girls女孩.
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通过这课程。
08:42
This compressed压缩 curriculum课程 is bad
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这压缩课程对所有活跃调皮的孩子来说是
08:44
for all active活性 kids孩子.
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糟糕的。
08:47
And what happens发生 is,
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接下来发生的是,
08:49
she says, "Please, sit down,
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她说,“请坐下来,
08:52
be quiet安静, do what you're told, follow跟随 the rules规则,
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安静点,听我说的做,遵守规矩,
08:55
manage管理 your time, focus焦点,
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抓紧时间,注意一下,
08:57
be a girl女孩."
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要乖点像个女孩。”
08:59
That's what she tells告诉 them.
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这就是女老师让男孩做的事。
09:01
Indirectly间接, that's what she tells告诉 them.
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间接地,她指示了男孩该做什么。
09:04
And so this is a very serious严重 problem问题. Where is it coming未来 from?
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所以这是个很严重的问题。这是从哪开始的呢?
09:06
It's coming未来 from us.
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它是源于我们自己。
09:08
(Laughter笑声)
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(笑声)
09:11
We want our babies婴儿 to read when they are six months个月 old.
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我们想让我们的宝贝在他们六个月大时就能读。
09:14
Have you seen看到 the ads广告?
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你看过广告吗?
09:16
We want to live生活 in Lake WobegonWobegon
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我们想住在沃比冈湖,
09:18
where every一切 child儿童 is above以上 average平均,
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那里每一个孩子的智商都高于平均水平。
09:21
but what this does to our children孩子 is really not healthy健康.
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但是这对我们的孩子来说是非常不健康的。
09:24
It's not developmentally发育 appropriate适当,
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这是种不良发育,
09:26
and it's particularly尤其 bad for boys男孩.
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特别对男孩来说有不好的影响。
09:28
So what do we do?
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我们能做什么呢?
09:30
We need to meet遇到 them where they are.
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我们要迎合男孩们的需求。
09:32
We need to put ourselves我们自己 into boy男孩 culture文化.
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我们要置身于男孩文化中。
09:35
We need to change更改 the mindset心态
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我们要改变
09:38
of acceptance验收 in boys男孩 in elementary初级 schools学校.
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小学对男孩子一成不变地思维模式。
09:42
More specifically特别, we can do some very specific具体 things.
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更具体地,我们可以做些非常具体的事。
09:45
We can design设计 better games游戏.
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我们可以设计更好玩的游戏。
09:47
Most of the educational教育性 games游戏 that are out there today今天
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今天的多数教育游戏是过时的,
09:49
are really flashcards卡片.
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它们只是卡片游戏。
09:51
They're glorified荣耀 drill钻头 and practice实践.
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它们都是很耗人的和需要人们的耐心来玩。
09:53
They don't have the depth深度, the rich丰富 narrative叙述
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它们没有真正打电子游戏时的那种耐玩性,
09:56
that really engaging video视频 games游戏 have,
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丰富的游戏互动性,
09:58
that the boys男孩 are really interested有兴趣 in.
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这些才会让男孩们真正感兴趣。
10:00
So we need to design设计 better games游戏.
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所以我们要设计更好玩的游戏。
10:02
We need to talk to teachers教师 and parents父母
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我们要和老师,家长,
10:04
and school学校 board members会员 and politicians政治家.
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学校董事会成员和政治家对话。
10:06
We need to make sure that people see that we need more men男人 in the classroom课堂.
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我们必须确保让人们看到,我们要在课堂上有更多的男性老师。
10:09
We need to look carefully小心 at our zero tolerance公差 policies政策.
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我们要格外关注我们的零容忍政策。
10:11
Do they make sense?
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它们是否合理?
10:13
We need to think about
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我们要思考
10:15
how to uncompress解压 this curriculum课程 if we can,
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我们该怎样解压这课程,
10:18
trying to bring带来 boys男孩 back into a space空间
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我们尽量努力让男孩回到
10:20
that is comfortable自在 for them.
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适合他们待的地方学校来。
10:22
All of those conversations对话 need to be happening事件.
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这所有的对话都要发生。
10:24
There are some great examples例子 out there
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这里也有一些很好的
10:26
of schools学校 --
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学校--
10:28
the New York纽约 Times just talked about a school学校 recently最近.
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最近纽约时报就谈到一个学校。
10:30
A game游戏 designer设计师 from the New School学校
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新学校的游戏设计者
10:33
put together一起 a wonderful精彩 video视频 gaming赌博 school学校.
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组合了一所非常棒的视频游戏学校。
10:36
But it only treats对待 a few少数 kids孩子,
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但它只针对个别的孩子。
10:39
and so this isn't very scalable可扩展性.
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这种学校非常稀缺。
10:41
We have to change更改 the culture文化 and the feelings情怀
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所以我们得改变学校里的男孩文化和改变
10:43
that politicians政治家 and school学校 board members会员 and parents父母 have
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政治家,学校董事会成员和父母对待男孩文化的想法,
10:46
about the way we accept接受 and what we accept接受
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它是有关今天在我们学校,我们已接受的这种男孩文化方式和我们要去接受的
10:48
in our schools学校 today今天.
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男孩文化。
10:51
We need to find more money for game游戏 design设计.
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我们要给游戏设计投资更多的钱。
10:53
Because good games游戏, really good games游戏, cost成本 money,
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因为好游戏,非常好的游戏是要花钱的,
10:55
and World世界 of Warcraft魔兽 has quite相当 a budget预算.
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魔兽世界有相当多的预算。
10:57
Most of the educational教育性 games游戏 do not.
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大多数教育游戏没有那么多预算。
10:59
Where we started开始:
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我们从哪里开始呢:
11:01
my colleagues同事 -- Mike麦克风 PetnerPetner, Shawn肖恩 VashawVashaw, myself --
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我同事--迈克·派特呢Mike Petner,肖恩·瓦绍Shawn Vashaw和我,
11:04
we started开始 by trying to look at the teachers'教师' attitudes态度
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我们开始了解老师对此的态度
11:06
and find out how do they really feel about gaming赌博,
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并找出她们真正对游戏的想法,
11:08
what do they say about it.
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对此她们想说什么。
11:10
And we discovered发现
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我们发现
11:12
that they talk about the kids孩子 in their school学校,
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她们在学校谈到男孩
11:14
who talk about gaming赌博,
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打游戏,
11:16
in pretty漂亮 demeaning贬低 ways方法.
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他们是用一种非常贬损的口吻。
11:18
They say, "Oh, yeah. They're always talking about that stuff东东.
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她们说,“哦,是的。他们常常谈论视频游戏。
11:21
They're talking about their little action行动 figures人物
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他们谈论着他们的小英雄人物
11:23
and their little achievements成就 or merit值得 badges徽章,
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和他们的网上小成绩或者获得的徽章,
11:26
or whatever随你 it is that they get.
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或者任何他们赢得的奖励。
11:28
And they're always talking about this stuff东东."
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他们常常谈论这些东西。”
11:30
And they say these things as if it's okay.
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她们说这些话好像是没关系似的。
11:32
But if it were your culture文化,
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但如果这是你的文化呢,
11:34
think of how that might威力 feel.
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想想你会感觉如何?
11:36
It's very uncomfortable不舒服 to be on the receiving接收 end结束
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老师的那种语言对于男孩这些接收者们来说,
11:38
of that kind of language语言.
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听上去是非常不舒服的。
11:40
They're nervous紧张 about anything
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老师们对任何
11:42
that has anything to do with violence暴力
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涉及暴力的东西都感到焦虑,
11:44
because of the zero tolerance公差 policies政策.
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这是因为零容忍的政策。
11:46
They are sure that parents父母 and administrators管理员 will never accept接受 anything.
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男孩知道他们的父母和校官绝不会接受这一切。
11:49
So we really need to think about looking at teacher老师 attitudes态度
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所以我们的确要思考审视老师的态度
11:52
and finding发现 ways方法 to change更改 the attitudes态度
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找到改变这态度的方法
11:55
so that teachers教师 are much more open打开
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好让老师更加宽容,以开放的态度
11:57
and accepting验收 of boy男孩 cultures文化 in their classrooms教室.
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来接受在课堂上的这种男孩文化。
12:00
Because, ultimately最终, if we don't,
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因为,最终,我们要是不改变,
12:02
then we're going to have boys男孩 who leave离开 elementary初级 school学校 saying,
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就会有离开小学的男孩子说,
12:05
"Well I guess猜测 that was just a place地点 for girls女孩.
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“好吧,我猜学校只是适合女生待;
12:07
It wasn't for me.
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并不适合我。
12:09
So I've got to do gaming赌博, or I've got to do sports体育."
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所以我要去打游戏,或者玩体育。”
12:12
If we change更改 these things, if we pay工资 attention注意 to these things,
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如果我们改变这些事,如果我们关注这些事,
12:15
and we re-engage重新介入 boys男孩 in their learning学习,
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我们重新唤起男孩学习的热情,
12:17
they will leave离开 the elementary初级 schools学校 saying, "I'm smart聪明."
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他们在离开小学时,说,“我变聪明了。”
12:20
Thank you.
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谢谢。
12:22
(Applause掌声)
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(掌声)
Translated by Angelia King
Reviewed by Xu (Jessica) Jiang

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ali Carr-Chellman - Instructional designer
Ali Carr-Chellman is an instructional designer and author who studies the most effective ways to teach kids and to make changes at school.

Why you should listen

A former third-grade teacher, Ali Carr-Chellman realized that traditional elementary classrooms weren't for her, in part because she was frustrated by the lack of innovation, agility, and readiness to change in traditional schools. She's now an instructional designer, author and educator, working on how to change and innovate within schools to make education work better for more kids. She teaches at Penn State University in the College of Education, working primarily with doctoral-level students to help produce the next generation of faculty with inspired research ideas and methods. Carr-Chellman also teaches online courses focused on helping practicing teachers learn how to improve their own instructional design practices and how to improve their classrooms.

Her recent research projects include "Bring Back the Boys," looking at ways gaming can be used to re-engage boys in their elementary education. Another projects asks prisoners and homeless people to think about how to reform schools, bringing new voices to the policy-making table.






More profile about the speaker
Ali Carr-Chellman | Speaker | TED.com