TEDGlobal 2014
Andy Yen: Think your email's private? Think again
嚴育銓: 你的電子郵件夠隱密？仔細再想想
Filmed:
Readability: 4.1
1,778,432 views
科學家嚴育銓 (Andy Yen) 在這場發人深省的演說中表示，傳送電子郵件訊息就像寄送明信片，每個人都能閱讀信件內容。雖然用來保護電子郵件通訊隱私的科技──「加密」──確實存在，但至今加密還是難以安裝，使用上也非常麻煩。他分享了與同事在歐洲核子研究組織設計的電子郵件程式樣本，說明加密也能輕易成為預設值，為大眾提供真正的電子郵件隱私。
Andy Yen - Secure email developer
Andy Yen is building an encrypted email program that lets everyone benefit from private communication. Full bio
Andy Yen is building an encrypted email program that lets everyone benefit from private communication. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
Twenty-five years ago, scientists at CERN
created the World Wide Web.
created the World Wide Web.
0
1066
5108
25 年前，歐洲核子研究組織的科學家
創造了全球資訊網。
創造了全球資訊網。
00:18
Since then, the Internet has transformed
the way we communicate,
the way we communicate,
1
6174
3909
自此之後，網路改變了我們溝通、
00:22
the way we do business,
and even the way we live.
and even the way we live.
2
10083
3462
做生意，甚至是生活的方式。
00:25
In many ways,
3
13545
2172
從很多方面來說，
這個概念也催生了谷歌、
臉書、推特和無數網站，
臉書、推特和無數網站，
00:27
the ideas that gave birth to Google,
Facebook, Twitter, and so many others,
Facebook, Twitter, and so many others,
4
15717
4825
00:32
have now really transformed our lives,
5
20542
2604
同時也改變了我們的生活，
00:35
and this has brought us many real benefits
such as a more connected society.
such as a more connected society.
6
23146
4287
並帶給我們許多實質上的助益，
例如關係更緊密的社會。
例如關係更緊密的社會。
00:39
However, there are also
some downsides to this.
some downsides to this.
7
27433
2801
然而，網路也有些壞處。
00:43
Today, the average person
has an astounding amount
has an astounding amount
8
31134
2833
現在一般人放在
網路上的個資多得嚇人，
網路上的個資多得嚇人，
00:45
of personal information online,
9
33967
2113
00:48
and we add to this online information
every single time we post on Facebook,
every single time we post on Facebook,
10
36080
3657
只要我們每次在臉書貼文、
00:51
each time we search on Google,
11
39737
2202
在谷歌上搜尋，
00:53
and each time we send an email.
12
41939
1782
或是寄封信
都會在網路上添加一筆個資。
都會在網路上添加一筆個資。
00:56
Now, many of us probably think,
13
44341
2002
大多數人可能會想，
00:58
well, one email,
there's nothing in there, right?
there's nothing in there, right?
14
46343
3110
一封電子郵件而已，
裡面沒什麼資料吧？
裡面沒什麼資料吧？
01:01
But if you consider
a year's worth of emails,
a year's worth of emails,
15
49453
3206
但是如果你評估一整年的電郵，
或甚至是一輩子的電郵，
01:04
or maybe even a lifetime of email,
16
52659
2902
加總起來透露的訊息非常多。
01:07
collectively, this tells a lot.
17
55561
2346
01:09
It tells where we have been,
who we have met,
who we have met,
18
57907
3563
可以透露我們去了哪裡、
和誰見了面，
和誰見了面，
甚至能從許多方面了解
我們在想什麼。
我們在想什麼。
01:13
and in many ways,
even what we're thinking about.
even what we're thinking about.
19
61470
3239
01:16
And the more scary part about this is
our data now lasts forever,
our data now lasts forever,
20
64709
4377
更恐怖的是現在
我們的資料會永存於世，
我們的資料會永存於世，
01:21
so your data can and will outlive you.
21
69086
3007
所以你的資料能夠也將會
比你活得還要久。
比你活得還要久。
01:24
What has happened is that we've largely
lost control over our data
lost control over our data
22
72093
3529
現況是我們幾乎無法控制
自己的資料和隱私。
01:27
and also our privacy.
23
75622
2322
01:29
So this year, as the web turns 25,
24
77944
3530
因此網路誕生滿 25 年的今年，
01:33
it's very important for us
to take a moment
to take a moment
25
81474
2298
很重要的是我們應該要花點時間
01:35
and think about the implications of this.
26
83772
2532
思考這代表了什麼意義。
01:38
We have to really think.
27
86304
1702
我們必須認真思考。
01:40
We've lost privacy, yes,
28
88006
1790
我們失去了隱私，沒錯，
但其實我們也失去了
「隱私」這個概念。
「隱私」這個概念。
01:41
but actually what we've also lost
is the idea of privacy itself.
is the idea of privacy itself.
29
89796
3329
01:45
If you think about it,
30
93995
1754
如果你仔細一想，
在座大多數人應該都記得
還沒有網路的生活是什麼樣子，
還沒有網路的生活是什麼樣子，
01:47
most of us here today probably remember
what life was like before the Internet,
what life was like before the Internet,
31
95749
4014
01:51
but today, there's a new generation
32
99763
2542
但現在有一群新世代
從很小的時候就學會上網分享大小事，
01:54
that is being taught from a very young age
to share everything online,
to share everything online,
33
102305
3420
01:57
and this is a generation that is not
going to remember when data was private.
going to remember when data was private.
34
105725
4479
這個世代不會記得
有隱私資料的年代是什麼樣子。
有隱私資料的年代是什麼樣子。
02:02
So we keep going down this road,
20 years from now,
20 years from now,
35
110204
3388
再這樣下去二十年後，
02:05
the word 'privacy' is going to have
a completely different meaning
a completely different meaning
36
113592
3096
「隱私」兩字就會有全然不同的意義，
02:08
from what it means to you and I.
37
116688
2285
與你我所知的大不相同。
因此現在我們該花點時間思考，
02:10
So, it's time for us
to take a moment and think,
to take a moment and think,
38
118973
2440
02:13
is there anything we can do about this?
39
121413
2807
有辦法能改變現況嗎？
我相信有辦法。
02:16
And I believe there is.
40
124220
2485
02:18
Let's take a look at one of the most
widely used forms of communication
widely used forms of communication
41
126705
3561
我們來看看現在世界上
最普遍的溝通方式：
最普遍的溝通方式：
02:22
in the world today: email.
42
130266
2267
電子郵件。
02:24
Before the invention of email,
we largely communicated using letters,
we largely communicated using letters,
43
132533
3761
在電子郵件發明前，
我們大多靠信件連繫，
我們大多靠信件連繫，
02:28
and the process was quite simple.
44
136294
2322
過程很簡單。
你會先在一張紙上寫些訊息，
02:30
You would first start by writing
your message on a piece of paper,
your message on a piece of paper,
45
138616
3112
02:33
then you would place it
into a sealed envelope,
into a sealed envelope,
46
141728
2404
然後放進信封中密封，
02:36
and from there,
you would go ahead and send it
you would go ahead and send it
47
144132
2255
在寄出前
你只要貼郵票、寫地址就可以了。
02:38
after you put a stamp and address on it.
48
146387
1958
02:40
Unfortunately, today,
49
148345
1480
不幸的是，現在
02:41
when we actually send an email,
we're not sending a letter.
we're not sending a letter.
50
149825
2817
我們寄的其實是電郵，而非信函。
02:44
What you are sending, in many ways,
is actually a postcard,
is actually a postcard,
51
152642
2775
從多方面來看，
你寄的其實是明信片，
你寄的其實是明信片，
02:47
and it's a postcard in the sense
that everybody that sees it
that everybody that sees it
52
155417
3647
這張明信片每個人都看得到，
02:51
from the time it leaves your computer
to when it gets to the recipient
to when it gets to the recipient
53
159064
3635
從你的電腦寄出
到收信人收到的這段時間，
到收信人收到的這段時間，
02:54
can actually read the entire contents.
54
162699
2620
每個人都看得到全文。
02:57
So, the solution to this
has been known for some time,
has been known for some time,
55
165319
3459
解決方式已廣為人知一段時間了，
03:00
and there's many attempts to do it.
56
168778
1843
還有許多嘗試處理的方法。
03:02
The most basic solution
is to use encryption,
is to use encryption,
57
170621
3149
最基本的解決方式是加密，
03:05
and the idea is quite simple.
58
173770
1927
道理很簡單。
首先，將你的電腦
和電郵伺服器間的連結加密，
和電郵伺服器間的連結加密，
03:07
First, you encrypt the connection
59
175697
1769
03:09
between your computer
and the email server.
and the email server.
60
177466
2608
然後資料擱在伺服器的時候
也要加密資料。
也要加密資料。
03:12
Then, you also encrypt the data
as it sits on the server itself.
as it sits on the server itself.
61
180074
3626
03:15
But there's a problem with this,
62
183700
1946
但會出現一個問題是
03:17
and that is, the email servers
also hold the encryption keys,
also hold the encryption keys,
63
185646
2949
電郵伺服器也有加密金鑰，
03:20
so now you have a really big lock
with a key placed right next to it.
with a key placed right next to it.
64
188595
4385
因此你有個超級大鎖，
鑰匙就放在旁邊。
鑰匙就放在旁邊。
03:24
But not only that, any government
could lawfully ask for
could lawfully ask for
65
192980
3231
不只是這樣，所有政府都能依法要求
03:28
and get the key to your data,
66
196211
2230
並取得資料的鑰匙，
03:30
and this is all without you
being aware of it.
being aware of it.
67
198441
2623
而且你完全不會察覺。
03:33
So the way we fix this problem
is actually relatively easy, in principle:
is actually relatively easy, in principle:
68
201064
5273
我們解決這個問題的方法
其實很簡單，從理論上講，
其實很簡單，從理論上講，
03:38
You give everybody their own keys,
69
206337
2402
你給每個人專屬鑰匙，
然後確保伺服器沒有鑰匙。
03:40
and then you make sure the server
doesn't actually have the keys.
doesn't actually have the keys.
70
208739
3273
03:44
This seems like common sense, right?
71
212012
2136
這看起來就像常識，對吧？
03:46
So the question that comes up is,
why hasn't this been done yet?
why hasn't this been done yet?
72
214148
3603
問題來了，
為何到現在都還做不到？
為何到現在都還做不到？
03:50
Well, if we really think about it,
73
218261
2535
如果我們仔細想想，
會發現當代的網路商業模式
03:52
we see that the business model
of the Internet today
of the Internet today
74
220796
2925
03:55
really isn't compatible with privacy.
75
223721
2067
其實無法和隱私共存。
03:57
Just take a look at some
of the biggest names on the web,
of the biggest names on the web,
76
225788
2786
只要看網路上最大的幾個網站，
04:00
and you see that advertising
plays a huge role.
plays a huge role.
77
228574
2927
你就會發現廣告扮演極大的角色。
04:03
In fact, this year alone,
advertising is 137 billion dollars,
advertising is 137 billion dollars,
78
231501
4828
事實上，它們光是今年
廣告費就花了 1370 億美元，
廣告費就花了 1370 億美元，
為了讓我們看到的廣告
效果發揮最大功效，
效果發揮最大功效，
04:08
and to optimize the ads
that are shown to us,
that are shown to us,
79
236329
2171
04:10
companies have to know
everything about us.
everything about us.
80
238500
2133
廠商就要對我們無所不知。
他們必須知道我們住在哪、
04:12
They need to know where we live,
81
240633
1919
年紀多大、喜歡什麼、討厭什麼，
04:14
how old we are, what we like,
what we don't like,
what we don't like,
82
242552
3655
還有他們能得手的所有訊息。
04:18
and anything else
they can get their hands on.
they can get their hands on.
83
246207
2162
04:20
And if you think about it,
84
248369
1729
仔細想想，
04:22
the best way to get this information
is really just to invade our privacy.
is really just to invade our privacy.
85
250098
4148
要得到這些訊息的最好方法
其實就是侵犯我們的隱私。
其實就是侵犯我們的隱私。
04:26
So these companies
aren't going to give us our privacy.
aren't going to give us our privacy.
86
254246
3191
所以這些公司才不會給我們隱私。
04:29
If we want to have privacy online,
87
257437
1815
如果你想要在網路上擁有隱私，
04:31
what we have to do is
we've got to go out and get it ourselves.
we've got to go out and get it ourselves.
88
259252
3543
就必須自己挺身而出、去爭取。
04:34
For many years, when it came to email,
89
262795
2268
多年來，談到電子郵件隱私的時候，
04:37
the only solution
was something known as PGP,
was something known as PGP,
90
265063
2915
解決方式就只有
良好隱私密碼法 (PGP)，
良好隱私密碼法 (PGP)，
04:39
which was quite complicated
and only accessible to the tech-savvy.
and only accessible to the tech-savvy.
91
267978
3214
不僅十分複雜，
而且只有科技達人才會懂。
而且只有科技達人才會懂。
04:43
Here's a diagram that basically shows
92
271192
2418
這份圖表基本上顯示出
04:45
the process for encrypting
and decrypting messages.
and decrypting messages.
93
273610
2735
加密與解密訊息的過程。
04:48
So needless to say,
this is not a solution for everybody,
this is not a solution for everybody,
94
276345
2886
不用說，這個方法不是人人適用，
04:51
and this actually is part of the problem,
95
279231
3132
而且其實還是問題的一部分，
04:54
because if you think about communication,
96
282363
2462
因為當你思考「溝通」，
04:56
by definition, it involves
having someone to communicate with.
having someone to communicate with.
97
284825
4355
定義上來說，
就是要和另一個人溝通。
就是要和另一個人溝通。
05:01
So while PGP does a great job
of what it's designed to do,
of what it's designed to do,
98
289180
3214
因此良好隱私密碼法
如期發揮強大功效的同時，
如期發揮強大功效的同時，
05:04
for the people out there
who can't understand how to use it,
who can't understand how to use it,
99
292394
2821
對方卻不知道該怎麼使用，
05:07
the option to communicate privately
simply does not exist.
simply does not exist.
100
295215
2902
那麼私下溝通就根本不存在。
05:10
And this is a problem
that we need to solve.
that we need to solve.
101
298117
3008
這是我們必須解決的問題。
如果我們想要在網路上擁有隱私，
05:13
So if we want to have privacy online,
102
301125
1998
唯一可行的方法
就是讓全世界都參與，
就是讓全世界都參與，
05:15
the only way we can succeed
is if we get the whole world on board,
is if we get the whole world on board,
103
303123
3319
而唯一可能的方式
就是我們打破入門的藩籬。
就是我們打破入門的藩籬。
05:18
and this is only possible
if we bring down the barrier to entry.
if we bring down the barrier to entry.
104
306442
3251
05:21
I think this is actually the key challenge
that lies in the tech community.
that lies in the tech community.
105
309693
3529
我想這正是科技界的關鍵挑戰。
05:25
What we really have to do
is work and make privacy more accessible.
is work and make privacy more accessible.
106
313222
4063
我們該做的是付出行動，
並讓隱私不再遙不可及。
並讓隱私不再遙不可及。
05:29
So last summer, when
the Edward Snowden story came out,
the Edward Snowden story came out,
107
317285
2996
因此去年夏天，
愛德華．史諾登事件爆發，
愛德華．史諾登事件爆發，
05:32
several colleagues and I decided to see
if we could make this happen.
if we could make this happen.
108
320281
3615
我和幾位同事決定看看
我們能不能讓這件事成真。
我們能不能讓這件事成真。
05:35
At that time, we were working at the
European Organization for Nuclear Research
European Organization for Nuclear Research
109
323896
4987
當時我們在歐洲核子研究組織工作，
05:40
at the world's largest particle collider,
which collides protons, by the way.
which collides protons, by the way.
110
328883
3731
在世界上最大的粒子對撞機裡，
附帶一提，那會撞擊質子。
附帶一提，那會撞擊質子。
05:44
We were all scientists,
so we used our scientific creativity
so we used our scientific creativity
111
332614
3445
我們都是科學家，
所以我們運用自己的科學創造力
所以我們運用自己的科學創造力
05:48
and came up with a very
creative name for our project:
creative name for our project:
112
336059
2624
為我們的計畫想出非常有創意的名稱：
05:51
ProtonMail.
(Laughter)
(Laughter)
113
339293
2096
質子信箱 (ProtonMail)。
（笑聲）
（笑聲）
05:53
Many startups these days
actually begin in people's garages
actually begin in people's garages
114
341389
2868
當代許多新創公司
都是從某個人的車庫
都是從某個人的車庫
05:56
or people's basements.
115
344257
1684
或地下室起步。
05:57
We were a bit different.
116
345941
1497
我們不太一樣。
05:59
We started out at the CERN cafeteria,
117
347438
2643
我們起步的地方是在
歐洲核子研究組織的自助餐廳，
歐洲核子研究組織的自助餐廳，
06:02
which actually is great, because look,
118
350081
2456
其實這很讚，因為你看，
你想要的食物和水這裡都有。
06:04
you have all the food
and water you could ever want.
and water you could ever want.
119
352537
2473
06:07
But even better than this
is that every day
is that every day
120
355010
2480
而且更棒的是
每天中午十二點到下午兩點，
不用收費，就能與
不用收費，就能與
06:09
between 12 p.m. and 2 p.m.,
free of charge,
free of charge,
121
357490
3971
06:13
the CERN cafeteria comes with
several thousand scientists and engineers,
several thousand scientists and engineers,
122
361461
4249
歐洲核子研究組織自助餐廳裡
幾千個科學家和工程師談話，
幾千個科學家和工程師談話，
06:17
and these guys basically know
the answers to everything.
the answers to everything.
123
365710
2786
這些人基本上知道所有問題的解答。
06:20
So it was in this environment
that we began working.
that we began working.
124
368496
2787
我們就在這樣的環境中開始工作。
06:23
What we actually want to do
is we want to take your email
is we want to take your email
125
371283
3111
其實我們想要做的是將你的電子郵件
06:26
and turn it into something
that looks more like this,
that looks more like this,
126
374394
3460
轉變為某種看起來像這樣的東西，
但更重要的是，
06:29
but more importantly,
we want to do it in a way
we want to do it in a way
127
377854
2275
我們想採取你察覺不到的方式。
06:32
that you can't even tell
that it's happened.
that it's happened.
128
380129
2145
06:34
So to do this, we actually need
a combination of technology
a combination of technology
129
382274
2987
要實現這個，
我們需要結合科技和設計。
06:37
and also design.
130
385261
1587
06:38
So how do we go about
doing something like this?
doing something like this?
131
386848
2290
我們要怎麼做才能做到這樣？
06:42
Well, it's probably a good idea
not to put the keys on the server.
not to put the keys on the server.
132
390018
4154
不把鑰匙放在伺服器上
大概是個好主意。
大概是個好主意。
06:46
So what we do is we generate
encryption keys on your computer,
encryption keys on your computer,
133
394172
3898
因此我們做的是
在你的電腦上產生加密金鑰，
在你的電腦上產生加密金鑰，
06:50
and we don't generate a single key,
but actually a pair of keys,
but actually a pair of keys,
134
398070
3788
不只是一把鑰匙，而是一對鑰匙，
所以會有一把 RSA 私密金鑰
和一把 RSA 公開金鑰，
和一把 RSA 公開金鑰，
06:53
so there's an RSA private key
and an RSA public key,
and an RSA public key,
135
401858
3705
06:57
and these keys
are mathematically connected.
are mathematically connected.
136
405563
2628
這些金鑰都完全相連。
07:00
So let's have a look
and see how this works
and see how this works
137
408191
2205
我們來看看多人溝通時的運作過程。
07:02
when multiple people communicate.
138
410396
2391
07:04
So here we have Bob and Alice,
who want to communicate privately.
who want to communicate privately.
139
412787
4445
鮑勃和艾莉絲想要私下聯絡，
07:09
So the key challenge
is to take Bob's message
is to take Bob's message
140
417232
3562
關鍵挑戰是如何取得鮑勃的訊息，
07:12
and to get it to Alice in such a way
that the server cannot read that message.
that the server cannot read that message.
141
420794
4309
並在交給艾莉絲的過程中，
讓伺服器無法讀取訊息。
讓伺服器無法讀取訊息。
07:17
So what we have to do
is we have to encrypt it
is we have to encrypt it
142
425103
2413
因此我們要做的是加密，
07:19
before it even leaves Bob's computer,
143
427516
2124
甚至在鮑勃送出前就加密，
07:21
and one of the tricks is, we encrypt it
using the public key from Alice.
using the public key from Alice.
144
429640
4501
有個招術是我們用艾莉絲的公鑰加密。
07:26
Now this encrypted data is sent
through the server to Alice,
through the server to Alice,
145
434141
5192
這份加密資料
透過伺服器送給艾莉絲，
透過伺服器送給艾莉絲，
07:31
and because the message was encrypted
using Alice's public key,
using Alice's public key,
146
439333
4280
因為訊息是用艾莉絲的公鑰加密，
07:35
the only key that can now decrypt it
is a private key that belongs to Alice,
is a private key that belongs to Alice,
147
443613
4288
現在唯一能解密的就是艾莉絲的私鑰，
07:39
and it turns out Alice is the only person
that actually has this key.
that actually has this key.
148
447901
4715
而艾莉絲就是唯一擁有這把鑰匙的人。
07:44
So we've now accomplished the objective,
149
452616
2668
所以現在我們已經完成這項目標，
07:47
which is to get the message
from Bob to Alice
from Bob to Alice
150
455284
2167
就是讓訊息在鮑勃
送給艾莉絲的過程中，
送給艾莉絲的過程中，
07:49
without the server being able
to read what's going on.
to read what's going on.
151
457451
2692
伺服器無法讀取內容。
07:52
Actually, what I've shown here
is a highly simplified picture.
is a highly simplified picture.
152
460143
2957
其實我在這裡放的是非常簡化的圖片。
真實情況複雜多了，
07:55
The reality is much more complex
153
463100
2005
07:57
and it requires a lot of software
that looks a bit like this.
that looks a bit like this.
154
465105
3714
需要很多軟體，看起來有點像這樣。
08:00
And that's actually
the key design challenge:
the key design challenge:
155
468819
2440
真正關鍵的設計挑戰在於：
08:03
How do we take all this complexity,
all this software,
all this software,
156
471259
3521
我們如何把這些複雜性和軟體，
08:06
and implement it in a way
that the user cannot see it.
that the user cannot see it.
157
474780
4118
以使用者看不到的方式操作。
08:10
I think with ProtonMail,
we have gotten pretty close to doing this.
we have gotten pretty close to doing this.
158
478898
3598
我想在質子信箱上，
我們已經做到非常接近的程度了。
我們已經做到非常接近的程度了。
08:14
So let's see how it works in practice.
159
482496
2462
我們來看實務操作的情況。
08:16
Here, we've got Bob and Alice again,
160
484958
3017
這裡同樣是鮑勃和艾莉絲，
08:19
who also want to communicate securely.
161
487975
1970
他們也想要對話有保障。
08:21
They simply create accounts on ProtonMail,
162
489945
2187
他們只要在質子信箱上建立帳號，
08:24
which is quite simple
and takes a few moments,
and takes a few moments,
163
492132
2410
很簡單，只要一下子就好了，
08:26
and all the key encryption and generation
164
494542
2422
所有的金鑰加密和產生
08:28
is happening automatically
in the background
in the background
165
496964
2390
就在鮑勃建立帳號的同時，
會自動在後臺啟動。
會自動在後臺啟動。
08:31
as Bob is creating his account.
166
499354
1706
08:33
Once his account is created,
he just clicks "compose,"
he just clicks "compose,"
167
501060
2542
帳號建立好後，他只要點選「寫信」，
08:35
and now he can write his email
like he does today.
like he does today.
168
503602
2987
現在他就可以像平常一樣寫信。
08:38
So he fills in his information,
169
506589
1867
他輸入訊息後，
08:40
and then after that,
all he has to do is click "send,"
all he has to do is click "send,"
170
508456
3284
只要再點選「送出」，
08:43
and just like that,
without understanding cryptography,
without understanding cryptography,
171
511740
3541
就像那樣，不需要了解密碼學，
08:47
and without doing anything different
from how he writes email today,
from how he writes email today,
172
515281
3553
只要用和現在完全一樣的方式寫信，
08:50
Bob has just sent an encrypted message.
173
518834
2647
鮑勃就能送出加密訊息。
08:53
What we have here
is really just the first step,
is really just the first step,
174
521481
4112
現在這只是第一步，
08:57
but it shows that
with improving technology,
with improving technology,
175
525593
2297
但是我們就能看到：只要改良科技，
08:59
privacy doesn't have to be difficult,
it doesn't have to be disruptive.
it doesn't have to be disruptive.
176
527890
4175
擁有隱私就不會太難，
也不需要搞破壞。
也不需要搞破壞。
09:04
If we change the goal from maximizing
ad revenue to protecting data,
ad revenue to protecting data,
177
532065
4447
如果我們改變目標，
將增加廣告收益改為保護資料，
將增加廣告收益改為保護資料，
09:08
we can actually make it accessible.
178
536512
2496
我們就真的能擁有隱私。
09:11
Now, I know a question
on everybody's minds is,
on everybody's minds is,
179
539008
2460
我知道每個人心裡都有一個疑問，
09:13
okay, protecting privacy,
this is a great goal,
this is a great goal,
180
541468
2390
好啦，保護隱私，這是遠大目標，
09:15
but can you actually do this
181
543858
2440
但是沒有廣告給你的大筆收入，
09:18
without the tons of money
that advertisements give you?
that advertisements give you?
182
546298
2792
你還能不能做到？
09:21
And I think the answer is actually yes,
183
549090
2386
我想答案是肯定的，
09:23
because today, we've reached a point
184
551476
2230
因為現在我們已經做到
09:25
where people around the world really
understand how important privacy is,
understand how important privacy is,
185
553706
3946
讓世界各地的人都了解隱私有多重要，
09:29
and when you have that,
anything is possible.
anything is possible.
186
557652
2973
當你擁有了這樣的觀念，
任何事都可能。
任何事都可能。
09:32
Earlier this year,
187
560625
1164
今年初，
09:33
ProtonMail actually had so many users
that we ran out of resources,
that we ran out of resources,
188
561789
3665
質子信箱的使用者多到
讓我們耗盡資源，
讓我們耗盡資源，
09:37
and when this happened,
our community of users got together
our community of users got together
189
565454
2829
因此，我們的使用者共同
09:40
and donated half a million dollars.
190
568283
2116
捐了五十萬美元。
09:42
So this is just an example
of what can happen
of what can happen
191
570399
2431
這只是一個案例，讓你看見
當你帶領社群一起實現共同目標
會有什麼可能。
會有什麼可能。
09:44
when you bring the community together
towards a common goal.
towards a common goal.
192
572830
2813
09:47
We can also leverage the world.
193
575643
1736
我們也能影響世界。
09:49
Right now,
194
577449
1148
現在，
09:50
we have a quarter of a million people
that have signed up for ProtonMail,
that have signed up for ProtonMail,
195
578597
3426
有 25 萬人在質子信箱註冊，
09:54
and these people come from everywhere,
196
582023
1809
這些人來自世界各地，
09:55
and this really shows that privacy
197
583832
1632
顯示了隱私
09:57
is not just an American
or a European issue,
or a European issue,
198
585464
2252
不只是歐美的議題，
09:59
it's a global issue
that impacts all of us.
that impacts all of us.
199
587716
2345
而是影響我們每個人的全球議題。
10:02
It's something that we really
have to pay attention to going forward.
have to pay attention to going forward.
200
590061
3460
這是我們確實必須關心並實踐的問題。
10:05
So what do we have to do
to solve this problem?
to solve this problem?
201
593521
2996
那麼我們應該怎麼解決這個問題？
10:08
Well, first of all,
202
596517
1997
首先，
10:10
we need to support a different
business model for the Internet,
business model for the Internet,
203
598514
2994
我們要支持不同的網路商業模式，
支持不完全依賴廣告
10:13
one that does not rely
entirely on advertisements
entirely on advertisements
204
601508
2333
10:15
for revenue and for growth.
205
603841
2334
收益和成長的模式。
10:18
We actually need to build a new Internet
206
606175
2509
我們確實需要建立新網路，
10:20
where our privacy and our ability
to control our data is first and foremost.
to control our data is first and foremost.
207
608684
5693
將我們的隱私與管控資料的能力
擺在第一順位的新網路。
擺在第一順位的新網路。
10:26
But even more importantly,
208
614377
1745
但更重要的是
10:28
we have to build an Internet
where privacy is no longer just an option
where privacy is no longer just an option
209
616122
4868
我們必須建立新網路，
其中隱私不再只是一個選項，
其中隱私不再只是一個選項，
10:32
but is also the default.
210
620990
1903
而是預設值。
10:35
We have done the first step
with ProtonMail,
with ProtonMail,
211
623923
2570
我們已經用質子信箱完成第一步，
10:38
but this is really just the first step
in a very, very long journey.
in a very, very long journey.
212
626493
3581
但這其實只是漫長旅程的第一步。
10:42
The good news I can share
with you guys today,
with you guys today,
213
630074
2923
今天我可以和大家分享的好消息，
這個讓人興奮的消息是
這條路上我們不孤獨。
這條路上我們不孤獨。
10:44
the exciting news,
is that we're not traveling alone.
is that we're not traveling alone.
214
632997
2528
10:47
The movement to protect people's privacy
and freedom online
and freedom online
215
635525
2850
保護大眾隱私和網路自由的運動
10:50
is really gaining momentum,
216
638375
1486
日益壯大，
10:51
and today, there are dozens of projects
from all around the world
from all around the world
217
639861
3594
現在世界各地都有許多計畫
10:55
who are working together
to improve our privacy.
to improve our privacy.
218
643455
3511
共同協助強化我們的隱私。
10:58
These projects protect things
from our chat to voice communications,
from our chat to voice communications,
219
646966
3646
這些計畫保護的範圍
從網路聊天室到語音通話，
從網路聊天室到語音通話，
11:02
also our file storage, our online search,
220
650612
2804
也包含了我們檔案儲存、線上搜尋，
11:05
our online browsing,
and many other things.
and many other things.
221
653416
3041
線上瀏覽和許多事情。
11:08
And these projects are not backed
by billions of dollars in advertising,
by billions of dollars in advertising,
222
656457
3529
這些計畫沒有大筆廣告費贊助，
11:11
but they've found support
really from the people,
really from the people,
223
659986
2323
而是確實獲得到大眾支持，
11:14
from private individuals like you and I
from all over the world.
from all over the world.
224
662309
3047
就像你我一樣來自
世界各地的個人捐助。
世界各地的個人捐助。
11:17
This really matters, because ultimately,
225
665356
3117
這很重要，因為最終
隱私取決於我們每一個人，
11:20
privacy depends on each
and every one of us,
and every one of us,
226
668473
3471
11:23
and we have to protect it now
because our online data
because our online data
227
671944
2833
我們現在必須保護隱私，
因為我們的線上資料
因為我們的線上資料
11:26
is more than just a collection
of ones and zeros.
of ones and zeros.
228
674777
2764
不只是 0 和 1 的組合，
11:29
It's actually a lot more than that.
229
677541
1856
重要性遠甚於此。
11:31
It's our lives, our personal stories,
230
679397
2346
那關乎我們的生命、個人故事、
11:33
our friends, our families,
231
681743
2298
我們的朋友、家人，
11:36
and in many ways,
also our hopes and our aspirations.
also our hopes and our aspirations.
232
684041
3506
在許多方面也和
我們的希望、抱負有關。
我們的希望、抱負有關。
11:39
We need to spend time now
to really protect our right
to really protect our right
233
687547
3104
現在我們需要花時間
確實保護我們的權利，
確實保護我們的權利，
11:42
to share this only with people
that we want to share this with,
that we want to share this with,
234
690651
2950
只和我們想分享隱私的對象分享，
因為沒有了隱私，
我們就無法擁有自由社會。
我們就無法擁有自由社會。
11:45
because without this,
we simply can't have a free society.
we simply can't have a free society.
235
693601
2740
11:48
So now's the time for us
to collectively stand up and say,
to collectively stand up and say,
236
696341
2853
現在我們應該一起站起來說：
是的！我們想要生活在
有線上隱私的社會；
有線上隱私的社會；
11:51
yes, we do want to live
in a world with online privacy,
in a world with online privacy,
237
699194
3493
11:54
and yes, we can work together
to turn this vision into a reality.
to turn this vision into a reality.
238
702687
4528
是的！我們可以共同合作，
讓願景成真。
讓願景成真。
11:59
Thank you.
239
707215
2135
謝謝。
12:01
(Applause)
240
709350
6757
（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Andy Yen - Secure email developerAndy Yen is building an encrypted email program that lets everyone benefit from private communication.
Why you should listen
Andy Yen is a scientist at CERN. With two colleagues, Wei Sun and Jason Stockman, he co-founded ProtonMail, an encrypted email startup based in Geneva, Switzerland, that seeks to make secure email accessible. The group aims to advance internet security and protect online privacy rights by making it possible for everyone to incorporate encryption into their everyday communication.
A physicist and economist by training, since 2010 Andy has been part of the ATLAS experiment at CERN, where his research focus has been on searches for supersymmetric particles. He is translating his experience in large-scale computing to build the infrastructure that is used to run ProtonMail.
More profile about the speakerA physicist and economist by training, since 2010 Andy has been part of the ATLAS experiment at CERN, where his research focus has been on searches for supersymmetric particles. He is translating his experience in large-scale computing to build the infrastructure that is used to run ProtonMail.
Andy Yen | Speaker | TED.com