TEDGlobal 2009
Cynthia Schneider: The surprising spread of Idol TV
Cynthia Schneider談選秀節目帶來的驚喜
Filmed:
Readability: 5
557,661 views
Cynthia Schneider拿了兩個在阿富汗和阿拉伯聯合大公國類似「美國偶像」的選秀節目，來展示這些真人選秀節目在社會中的驚人影響。
Cynthia Schneider - Cultural diplomacy expert
Cynthia Schneider studies culture and politics -- watching how novels, TV shows and cultural engagement around the globe (and especially within the Muslim world) might lead to political change. She was the US ambassador to the Netherlands from 1998 to 2001. Full bio
Cynthia Schneider studies culture and politics -- watching how novels, TV shows and cultural engagement around the globe (and especially within the Muslim world) might lead to political change. She was the US ambassador to the Netherlands from 1998 to 2001. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'd like to ask you,
0
0
2000
我想問各位
00:17
what do these three people have in common?
1
2000
5000
這三個人有什麼共通點？
00:22
Well, you probably recognize the first person.
2
7000
2000
你們可能認得第一位
00:24
I'm sure you're all avid "American Idol" watchers.
3
9000
3000
我想各位都是「美國偶像」的狂熱粉絲
00:27
But you might not recognize Aydah Al Jahani,
4
12000
3000
你們可能不知道這位Aydah Al Jahani
00:30
who is a contestant, indeed a finalist,
5
15000
3000
她在「百萬詩人」比賽中
00:33
in the Poet of the Millions competition,
6
18000
3000
進入決賽的選手
00:36
which is broadcast out of Abu Dhabi,
7
21000
2000
這節目在阿布達比播出
00:38
and seen throughout the Arab world.
8
23000
2000
整個阿拉伯世界都看得到
00:40
In this contest
9
25000
2000
在這比賽中
00:42
people have to write and recite
10
27000
3000
參賽者需要寫詩並朗誦
00:45
original poetry, in the Nabati form of poetry,
11
30000
3000
一些古詩，Nabati詩
00:48
which is the traditional Bedouin form.
12
33000
3000
這是一種傳統游牧民族的詩
00:51
And Lima Sahar was a finalist
13
36000
3000
這位Lima Sahar是「阿富汗之星」
00:54
in the Afghan Star singing competition.
14
39000
4000
歌唱比賽的決賽選手
00:58
Now, before I go any further,
15
43000
2000
在我繼續講下去之前
01:00
yes, I know it all began with "Britain's Got Talent."
16
45000
4000
是的我知道，這都是從「英國星光大道」開始的
01:04
But my point in discussing this
17
49000
3000
但我想討論這個的原因
01:07
is to show you -- I hope I'll be able to show you
18
52000
3000
是希望讓你們看到
01:10
how these merit-based competitions,
19
55000
4000
這些選才能的比賽
01:14
with equal access to everyone,
20
59000
3000
讓每個人都有平等機會參予
01:17
with the winner selected via voting by SMS,
21
62000
3000
透過簡訊投票選出冠軍
01:20
are changing tribal societies.
22
65000
3000
這正改變著部落社會
01:23
And I'm going to focus on Afghanistan
23
68000
2000
我要先說阿富汗
01:25
and the Arab world with the UAE,
24
70000
3000
包括阿拉伯聯合大公國在內的阿拉伯世界
01:28
how they're changing tribal societies,
25
73000
3000
它們改變部落社會的方式
01:31
not by introducing Western ideas,
26
76000
2000
不是使用西方的點子
01:33
but by being integrated into the language in those places.
27
78000
4000
而是融合這些地方的語言
01:37
It all begins with enjoyment.
28
82000
3000
一切都從娛樂開始
01:42
Video: We are late to watch "Afghan Star."
29
87000
3000
(影片): 「阿富汗之星」已經在播了
01:45
We are going to watch "Afghan Star." We are late.
30
90000
3000
趕快回家看「阿富汗之星」，已經在播了
01:48
We are running late.
31
93000
3000
我們來不及了
01:51
We must go to watch "Afghan Star."
32
96000
3000
一定要趕快看「阿富汗之星」
01:56
Cynthia Schneider: These programs are reaching incredibly deeply into society.
33
101000
5000
這些節目正以驚人的速度深入到社會中
02:01
In Afghanistan, people go to extraordinary lengths
34
106000
3000
在阿富汗，人們利用各種方法
02:04
to be able to watch this program.
35
109000
2000
就是要看到這節目
02:06
And you don't necessarily have to have your own TV set.
36
111000
3000
不一定要有自己的電視機
02:09
People watch it all over the country
37
114000
2000
全國很多人都擠到公共場所
02:11
also in public places.
38
116000
3000
收看這節目
02:14
But it goes beyond watching,
39
119000
3000
但這不只是觀看而已
02:17
because also, part of this
40
122000
3000
還要參予
02:20
is campaigning.
41
125000
2000
競賽的過程
02:22
People become so engaged
42
127000
2000
大家都很投入
02:24
that they have volunteers, just like political volunteers anyway,
43
129000
4000
還有人志願，就像志願替政治人物拉票一樣的
02:28
who fan out over the countryside,
44
133000
3000
志願到各地
02:31
campaigning for their candidate.
45
136000
3000
替他們支持的選手拉票
02:34
Contestants also put themselves forward.
46
139000
3000
選手們也是親自出馬
02:37
Now, of course there is a certain degree of ethnic allegiance, but not entirely.
47
142000
4000
當然，也有一定種族忠誠度，但並非全部
02:41
Because each year the winner has come from a different tribal group.
48
146000
5000
因為每年的冠軍都來自不同部落
02:46
This has opened up the door,
49
151000
2000
每個人都有機會
02:48
particularly for women.
50
153000
2000
特別是女性
02:50
And in the last season there were two women in the finalists.
51
155000
3000
在最後一季，有兩名女性進入決賽
02:53
One of them, Lima Sahar, is a Pashtun from Kandahar,
52
158000
3000
其中一位是Lima Sahar，她是來自坎大哈的普什圖人
02:56
a very conservative part of the country.
53
161000
3000
是全國非常保守的地區
02:59
And here she relates, in the documentary film "Afghan Star,"
54
164000
4000
她在「阿富汗之星」的紀錄片裡談到
03:03
how her friends urged her not to do this
55
168000
3000
她的朋友都勸她不要參賽
03:06
and told her that she was leaving them for democracy.
56
171000
3000
說她為追求民主而離開他們
03:09
But she also confides that
57
174000
3000
她也吐露
03:12
she knows that members of the Taliban
58
177000
2000
她知道塔利班成員
03:14
are actually SMS-ing votes in for her.
59
179000
5000
也通過手機簡訊投票給她
03:19
Aydah Al Jahnani also took risks
60
184000
3000
Aydah Al Jahnani 也冒同樣的險
03:22
and put herself out, to compete
61
187000
2000
站出來參加
03:24
in the Poet of the Millions competition.
62
189000
3000
「百萬詩人」的比賽
03:27
I have to say, her husband backed her from the start.
63
192000
4000
我必須說，她丈夫從一開始就支持她
03:31
But her tribe and family urged her not to compete
64
196000
3000
但她的部落和家人都勸她不要參加
03:34
and were very much against it.
65
199000
2000
並且非常反對
03:36
But, once she started to win,
66
201000
3000
但她開始獲勝之後
03:39
then they got behind her again.
67
204000
2000
他們就轉而支持她了
03:41
It turns out that competition and winning is a universal human value.
68
206000
6000
這說明了，比賽和獲勝是世界共通的人類價值
03:47
And she's out there.
69
212000
2000
她站出來
03:49
Her poetry is about women,
70
214000
3000
她的詩描寫女性
03:52
and the life of women in society.
71
217000
3000
社會中的女性生活
03:55
So just by presenting herself
72
220000
2000
她代表自己
03:57
and being in competition with men --
73
222000
2000
和男人一起比賽
03:59
this shows the voting on the program --
74
224000
2000
從投票情況看來
04:01
it sets a very important example for young women --
75
226000
3000
給年輕女性一個榜樣
04:04
these are young women in the audience of the program --
76
229000
3000
那些身為觀眾的年輕女性
04:07
in Abu Dhabi, but also people in the viewing audience.
77
232000
4000
在阿布達比、和其他觀眾
04:11
Now you'd think that "American Idol"
78
236000
2000
你可能會想，「美國偶像」
04:13
would introduce a measure of Americanization.
79
238000
3000
會帶來一定的美國化現象
04:16
But actually, just the opposite is happening.
80
241000
3000
但事實正好相反
04:19
By using this engaging popular format
81
244000
3000
利用這種受歡迎的模式
04:22
for traditional, local culture,
82
247000
3000
融合傳統、當地文化
04:25
it actually, in the Gulf, is precipitating a revival
83
250000
3000
反而在波斯灣地區再次興起了
04:28
of interest in Nabati poetry,
84
253000
2000
人們對於Nabati詩
04:30
also in traditional dress and dance and music.
85
255000
4000
和傳統服飾、舞蹈、音樂的興趣
04:34
And for Afghanistan,
86
259000
2000
對阿富汗人來說
04:36
where the Taliban banned music for many years,
87
261000
4000
因為塔利班多年禁止音樂
04:40
it is reintroducing their traditional music.
88
265000
2000
這節目再次引入了傳統音樂
04:42
They don't sing pop songs,
89
267000
2000
他們不唱流行樂
04:44
they sing Afghan music.
90
269000
3000
而是唱阿富汗音樂
04:47
And they also have learned how to lose gracefully,
91
272000
3000
他們也學會如何優雅的輸
04:50
without avenging the winner.
92
275000
2000
而不是向獲勝者報復
04:52
(Laughter)
93
277000
2000
(笑)
04:54
No small thing.
94
279000
2000
不是件小事
04:56
And the final, sort of, formulation
95
281000
6000
最後，「美國偶像」的節目模式
05:02
of this "American Idol" format,
96
287000
3000
帶來了一個構想
05:05
which has just appeared in Afghanistan,
97
290000
2000
就是最近阿富汗的
05:07
is a new program called "The Candidate."
98
292000
3000
一個新節目叫「候選人」
05:10
And in this program, people present
99
295000
2000
節目中有人提議政策
05:12
policy platforms that are then voted on.
100
297000
3000
讓大家投票
05:15
Many of them are too young to run for president,
101
300000
3000
很多人因年紀太輕無法競選總統
05:18
but by putting the issues out there,
102
303000
2000
但藉由提出的這些話題
05:20
they are influencing the presidential race.
103
305000
2000
他們影響著總統選舉
05:22
So for me, the substance of things unseen
104
307000
3000
對我來說，這個無形現象的本質
05:25
is how reality TV is driving reality.
105
310000
4000
選秀節目操縱真實生活的過程
05:29
Thank you.
106
314000
2000
謝謝
05:31
(Applause)
107
316000
1000
(掌聲)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Cynthia Schneider - Cultural diplomacy expertCynthia Schneider studies culture and politics -- watching how novels, TV shows and cultural engagement around the globe (and especially within the Muslim world) might lead to political change. She was the US ambassador to the Netherlands from 1998 to 2001.
Why you should listen
Cynthia P. Schneider is a Fellow at the Brookings Institution, where she leads the Arts and Culture Initiative within the Saban Center for Middle East Policy. In her work, she looks at the Muslim world through its cultural products (movies, films, books and shows), and searches for clues to deeper social change.
Cynthia Schneider | Speaker | TED.com