Carl Safina: What are animals thinking and feeling?
Carl Safina: Apa yang dipikirkan dan dirasakan oleh binatang?
Carl Safina's writing explores the scientific, moral and social dimensions of our relationship with nature. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
what animals think and feel?
apa yang binatang pikirkan dan rasakan?
or does she just want a treat?
mencintai saya atau hanya mau camilan?
that our dog really loves us,
anjing kita benar-benar mencintai kita,
kepala kecil yang kita tak ketahui itu.
do they love us?
apakah mereka mencintai kita?
untuk ditanyakan kepada binatang.
to ask animals.
pikiran manusia.
only of the human mind.
doing with those brains?
dengan otak mereka?
we can look at their brains
kita dapat melihat pada otak mereka
our brain is inherited.
otak kita diturunkan.
to the first chordates.
menjadi kordata pertama.
menjadi vertebrata pertama.
to the first vertebrates.
a nerve cell, looks the same
dan sel saraf terlihat sama
about the minds of crayfish?
tentang pikiran udang karang?
setruman kecil pada udang karang
if you give a crayfish
to come out of its burrow,
udang karang obat yang saya
kecemasan pada manusia,
akan kecemasan udang karang?
we care about crayfish anxiety?
as well as do most apes
seperti kebanyakan monyet
intelligence of this invertebrate?
invertebrata yang seperti monyet ini?
into a crevice in the coral,
ke dalam celah terumbu karang,
di mana belut moray tidur
a moray eel is sleeping
kepada belut moray, "Ikuti aku,"
to the moray, "Follow me,"
akan menangkap sinyalnya.
dan menangkap si ikan,
and get the fish,
dan kerapu mendapatkannya.
and the grouper may get it.
have just recently found out about.
yang kita ketahui belum lama ini.
kerjasama kuno itu?
that ancient partnership?
a lot more about us
lebih banyak tentang kita
dari rutinitas mereka
from what they're doing
dilakukan, itu disebut mengajar.
which is called teaching.
and killer whales share food.
dan berbagi makanan.
sesuatu yang baru,
in stock, off the shelf,
of the deep sweep of time.
membandingkannya dengan otak simpanse,
compared to a chimpanzee brain,
otak simpanse yang sangat besar.
a very big chimpanzee brain.
karena kita mudah merasa terancam.
because we're also really insecure.
all right, well, we see brains,
kita melihat pada otak,
have to say about minds?
under the palm trees
di bawah pohon palem
namun tetap waspada.
gambaran tersebut
of what they're doing
di atas tanah yang sama,
on the same plains,
of the same dangers,
dan kita menjadi diri kita.
and we became who we are.
bahwa gajah ini sedang relaks.
these elephants as being relaxed.
tentang sesuatu.
concerned about something.
the voices of tourists
yang tersembunyi di balik semak,
from a speaker hidden in bushes,
karena turis tak pernah mengganggu gajah.
because tourists never bother elephants.
gajah dalam memperebutkan kubangan air,
in confrontations at water holes,
dan lari dari pengeras suara tersembunyi.
and run away from the hidden speaker.
that there are humans,
jenis manusia yang berbeda,
different kinds of humans,
dan beberapa berbahaya.
and some are dangerous.
daripada kita mengamati mereka.
than we have been watching them.
daripada kita terhadap mereka.
find food, try to stay alive.
mencari makan, bertahan hidup.
in the hills of Africa
untuk mendaki di bukit Afrika
ke dasar laut, pada dasarnya kita sama.
we are basically the same.
di balik tampilan kita.
it makes you unconscious,
itu membuat Anda tak sadar,
no sensation of anything.
adalah merasakan sesuatu.
the thing that feels like something.
if you're aware of anything,
jika Anda awas akan segala sesuatu,
membuat manusia itu manusia,
that make humans humans,
to match moods with your companions.
dengan sesama di sekitar Anda.
you need to hurry up.
is contagious fear.
adalah rasa takut yang menular.
tiba-tiba terkejut dan pergi,
startle and fly away,
like everything else in life,
seperti hal lain dalam kehidupan,
bervariasi dan punya penjabaran.
and has its elaboration.
itu membuat saya sedih.
you feel sad, it makes me sad.
itu membuat saya senang.
that I call sympathy,
has just passed away.
nenekmu baru saja meninggal.
saya tahu apa yang Anda rasakan
but I get it; I know what you feel
to act on sympathy,
untuk bergerak karena simpati,
that makes us human,
kita membunuh dan memakan mereka.
we kill them and we eat them.
mereka beda spesies.
well, those are different species.
dan manusia adalah pemangsa.
and humans are predators.
sesama kita lebih baik juga.
too well either.
only one thing about animal behavior
satu hal tentang perilaku hewan,
menyamakan perasaan dan emosi manusia
human thoughts and emotions
dan emosi manusia pada spesies lain
and emotions to other species
tentang yang mereka lakukan dan rasakan,
they're doing and how they're feeling,
pada dasarnya sama dengan kita.
are basically the same as ours.
suasana hati dan motivasi dalam diri kita
mood and motivation in us
are hungry when they're hunting
mereka lapar ketika mereka berburu
their tongues are hanging out,
bermain dengan anak-anak
with their children
bisa saja merasakan sesuatu.
be experiencing anything.
berkata pada saya,
bahwa binatang lain berpikir dan merasa?"
that other animals can think and feel?"
through all the hundreds
that I put in my book
di dalam ruangan bersama dengan saya.
was right in the room with me.
dari karpet dan mendatangi saya --
and comes over to me --
dan menunjukkan perutnya,
and exposes her belly,
"I would like my belly rubbed.
karena kita keluarga.
because we're family.
and it will feel good."
dan rasanya pasti enak."
more complicated than that.
dan berkata, "Lihat, paus pembunuh,
and we say, "Oh look, killer whales,
di sisi kirinya adalah L22.
selama puluhan tahun.
we create an awful lot of it.
kita juga banyak menciptakannya.
sampai mereka mati?
of the Mediterranean Sea
dari pesisir Laut Mediterania
strongholds of elephant range
menjadi wilayah-wilayah yang kecil.
into little shards.
yang kita desak menuju kepunahan,
that we are driving to extinction,
yang paling indah di muka bumi.
magnificent creature on land.
of our wildlife in the United States.
alam liar lebih baik di Amerika ini.
we killed every single wolf.
kita membunuh semua serigala.
serigala di selatan perbatasan Kanada.
south of the Canadian border, actually.
did that in the 1920s,
melakukannya di tahun 1920-an,
mereka harus membawanya kembali,
they had to bring them back,
menjadi tak terkendali.
had gotten out of control.
untuk melihat serigala,
to see the wolves,
paling mudah ditemui dan diakses di dunia.
visible wolves in the world.
this incredible family of wolves.
keluarga serigala yang luar biasa.
dan beberapa generasi muda.
and the young of several generations.
pack in Yellowstone National Park.
terkokoh di Taman Nasional Yellowstone.
just outside the border,
sedikit di luar perbatasan,
descended into sibling rivalry.
pada keluarga yang tersisa.
saudara perempuan lain.
to rejoin her family.
berhari-hari untuk bergabung kembali.
because they were jealous of her.
dari dua pejantan yang baru,
from two new males,
di luar taman dan tertembak.
outside the park and getting shot.
being ejected from his own family.
terusir dari keluarganya sendiri.
kelompok berburunya,
his hunting support,
banyak penderitaan terhadap mereka.
they hurt us more than they do?
menyakiti kita lebih dari ini?
part of a grey whale
memangsa sebagian paus abu-abu
membunuh paus tersebut.
who had killed that whale.
oleh orang-orang di kapal itu.
had nothing at all to fear.
into three pieces with two companions.
menjadi tiga bagian dengan dua temannya.
sama dengan orang di kapal.
as the people in the boat.
keberadaan mereka di sekitar balita?
to researchers lost in thick fog
ke para peneliti yang tersesat dalam kabut
sampai kabutnya hilang
tepat berada di pesisir itu?
was right there on the shoreline?
named Denise Herzing,
yang bernama Denise Herzing,
dan mereka mengenali dia.
and they know her.
Ia kenal setiap dari mereka.
She knows who they all are.
They recognize the research boat.
tahu kapal penelitiannya.
it's a big happy reunion.
berreuni dengan gembira.
didn't want to come near the boat,
dan mereka tak mau mendekati kapal,
what was going on
ada awak kapal yang meninggal
of the people onboard had died
that one of the human hearts
bahwa salah satu jantung manusia
all of the things that are going on
petunjuk dari semua yang terjadi
yang hidup bersama kita di Bumi
hidung botol bernama Dolly.
dolphin named Dolly.
a keeper took a cigarette break
seorang petugas beristirahat dan merokok
ke arah kolam sambil merokok.
into their pool, smoking.
menyusu satu atau dua menit,
nursed for a minute or two,
yang membungkus kepalanya seperti asap.
that enveloped her head like smoke.
bayi lumba-lumba hidung botol ini
untuk meniru asap.
to represent smoke.
to represent another,
suatu hal untuk meniru hal lainnya,
that we think make us human.
membuat kita manusia.
pikiran kita dan mereka,
and their minds have,
yang paling berbelas kasih,
yang pernah ada di planet ini,
that has ever been on this planet,
dari kesemua hal tersebut.
all jumbled up together.
that makes us human.
yang menjadikan kita manusia.
who care about our mates.
yang peduli akan pasangan kita.
yang peduli akan anak-anak kita.
who care about our children.
sometimes ten thousand miles
enam ribu kadang bahkan sepuluh ribu mil
satu santapan, satu santapan besar,
one meal, one big meal,
in the oceans of the world,
amat terpencil di antara lautan di dunia,
to the next is the chain of being.
ke yang lainnya adalah rantai keberadaan.
and into that sacred relationship
Dan masuk ke dalam hubungan sakral itu
ada plastik di perut mereka.
have plastic in them now.
ready to fledge --
siap untuk merontokkan bulu --
yang seharusnya kita punya
we are supposed to have
diri sendiri dengan otak kita,
ourselves after our brains,
tentang konsekuensinya.
human life into the world,
manusia baru ke dunia ini,
dengan kebersamaan makhluk lain.
into the company of other creatures.
menunjukkan bahwa kita tak sendirian.
that we are not alone.
in every painting of Noah's ark,
di setiap lukisan perahu Nuh,
sekarang hidupnya terancam,
is in mortal danger now,
menggunakan kemampuan kita
let them continue?
cukup untuk membiarkan mereka terus hidup?
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Carl Safina - Ecologist, writerCarl Safina's writing explores the scientific, moral and social dimensions of our relationship with nature.
Why you should listen
Carl Safina explores how the ocean is changing and what those changes mean for wildlife and for people.
Safina is author of seven books, including Song for the Blue Ocean, which was a New York Times Notable Book of the Year, Eye of the Albatross, Voyage of the Turtle and The View From Lazy Point. Safina is founding president of The Safina Center at Stony Brook University, where he also co-chairs the University's Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science. A winner of the 2012 Orion Award and a MacArthur Prize, among others, his work has been featured in outlets such as The New York Times, National Geographic, CNN.com and The Huffington Post, and he hosts “Saving the Ocean” on PBS.
His latest book, Beyond Words: What Animals Think And Feel, explores the inner lives of animals.
Carl Safina | Speaker | TED.com